Optimization of Polysaccharide Hydrocolloid for the Development of Bioink with High Printability/Biocompatibility for Coextrusion 3D Bioprinting.

Bioink is the main component of 3D bioprinting process and is crucial for the generation of sophisticated 3D structures through precise spatial control. Therefore, bioink's core material must have characteristics that support good printability as well as biocompatibility. However, there is a lack of bioinks developed that satisfy these characteristics at the same time.

Injectable hydrogel derived from chitosan with tunable mechanical properties via hybrid-crosslinking system.

Thermo-sensitive injectable hydrogels that spontaneously react to physiological temperature have been widely studied to be used in biomedical fields. However, several challenges on their unstable structures with large-sized pores and low mechanical strength under physiological conditions must be addressed to enable their practical applications. We synthesized the hydroxybutyl methacrylated chitosan (HBC-MA) hydrogel that possesses both thermo-sensitive and photo-crosslinkable properties.

Kappa-Carrageenan-Based Dual Crosslinkable Bioink for Extrusion Type Bioprinting.

Bioink based 3D bioprinting is a promising new technology that enables fabrication of complex tissue structures with living cells. The printability of the bioink depends on the physical properties such as viscosity. However, the high viscosity bioink puts shear stress on the cells and low viscosity bioink cannot maintain complex tissue structure firmly after the printing.

Construct validity and reliability of the Full Outline of UnResponsiveness (FOUR) score in spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage caused by aneurysm rupture.

Aims And Objectives: This study aimed at examining the construct validity and reliability of the Full Outline of UnResponsiveness score in patients with spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage caused by aneurysm rupture.

Background: The Full Outline of UnResponsiveness score is known to be a valid and reliable consciousness assessment tool and provides comprehensive information not given by the Glasgow Coma Scale. However, the validity and reliability of this tool have not been tested in patients with spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage.

Attenuation of PERK enhances glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in islets.

PERK is a pancreatic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) kinase. Its complete deletion in pancreatic β cells induces insulin deficiency; however, the effects of partial suppression are unclear. We investigated the effect of partial PERK suppression using the specific PERK inhibitors GSK2606414 and GSK2656157.

Temporal Patterns and Influential Factors of Blood Glucose Levels During the First 10-Day Critical Period After Brain Injury.

This study was conducted to document temporal patterns of blood glucose level changes during the first 10-day critical period and to identify factors that influence stress-induced hyperglycemia development in brain injury patients. The medical records of 190 brain injury patients were retrospectively reviewed. Blood glucose levels in the poor recovery group were significantly higher than in the good recovery group, particularly during the first 72 hr (158-172 mg/dl).