Effect of Foot Position on Ankle Muscle Activity During Wobble Board Training in Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of foot positioning on muscle activities of the peroneus longus (PL), medial gastrocnemius (MG), and tibialis anterior (TA)/PL ratio in individuals with chronic ankle instabilities (CAI) during wobble board training.

Methods: Thirty individuals with CAI were included, and statistical significance of PL and MG muscle activities was determined using 1-way repeated measures analysis of variance alongside TA/PL activity ratio at the university research laboratory. The participants performed the wobble board training in 3 different foot positions: medial from the centerline of the wobble board (WBT-M), middle from the centerline of the wobble board, and lateral from the centerline of the wobble board (WBT-L).

Scalable production of siRNA-encapsulated extracellular vesicles for the inhibition of KRAS-mutant cancer using acoustic shock waves.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a potential delivery vehicle for nucleic-acid-based therapeutics, but challenges related to their large-scale production and cargo-loading efficiency have limited their therapeutic potential. To address these issues, we developed a novel "shock wave extracellular vesicles engineering technology" (SWEET) as a non-genetic, scalable manufacturing strategy that uses shock waves (SWs) to encapsulate siRNAs in EVs. Here, we describe the use of the SWEET platform to load large quantities of KRAS-targeting siRNA into small bovine-milk-derived EVs (sBMEVs), with high efficiency.

Regional Burden of Enlarged Perivascular Spaces and Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Drug-Naive Patients With Parkinson Disease.

Background And Objectives: Although the potential role of enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVSs) in Parkinson disease (PD) is increasingly recognized, whether EPVSs located in different anatomical regions exert differential effects on clinical manifestation remains uncertain. We investigated the regional EPVS burden and its association with cognition and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs) in newly diagnosed PD population.

Methods: In this retrospective, cross-sectional study, EPVS in the temporal lobe (T-EPVS), centrum semiovale (CS-EPVS), and basal ganglia (BG-EPVS) were visually rated in drug-naive patients with PD who underwent magnetic resonance imaging, dopamine transporter (DAT) scans, neuropsychological assessments, and Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire at baseline.

Transcanal endoscopic ear surgery for glomus tympanicum removal: A case series on the necessity of preoperative embolization.

Background: Transcanal endoscopic ear surgery (TEES) has become popular in recent years in the treatment of glomus tympanicum tumors (GTT). The most significant risk for TEES is bleeding. In some cases, preoperative vascular embolization is performed to mitigate bleeding during TEES.

Dosimetric comparison between RapidArc and HyperArc in hippocampal-sparing whole-brain radiotherapy with a simultaneous integrated boost.

The HyperArc technique is known for generating high-quality radiosurgical treatment plans for intracranial lesions or hippocampal-sparing whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT). However, there is no reported feasibility of using the HyperArc technique in hippocampal-sparing WBRT with a simultaneous integrated boost (SIB). This study aimed to compare dosimetric parameters of 2 commercially-available volumetric-modulated arc radiotherapy techniques, HyperArc and RapidArc, when using hippocampal-sparing WBRT with a SIB to treat brain metastases.

A scoping review of the different types of exercise programs proposed for the improvement of postural balance in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis.

Background: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), which is the most common type of scoliosis, is a progressive disease that occurs in children aged 10-16 years. Abnormal curvature in AIS provokes spinal asymmetry of the upper body alignment and might deteriorate postural balancing and control ability.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of exercise interventions on balance and postural stability in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Effects of Particulate Matter Exposure on the Eustachian Tube and Middle Ear Mucosa of Rats.

Objectives: Particulate matter (PM) is a risk factor for various diseases. Recent studies have established an association between otitis media (OM) and PM exposure. To confirm this relationship, we developed a novel exposure model designed to control the concentration of PM, and we observed the effects of PM exposure on the Eustachian tube (ET) and middle ear mucosa of rats.

EGT022, an RGD-containing recombinant disintegrin, inhibits the VEGF-induced angiogenic process by targeting integrin β3 in endothelial cells.

Objectives: EGT022, an RGD-containing recombinant disintegrin from human ADAM metallopeptidase domain 15 (ADAM15), has been reported to stimulate vascular maturation of retinal blood vessels with promotion of pericyte coverage through binding to integrin αIIbβ3. Previous studies have reported that angiogenesis can be inhibited by several RGD motif-containing disintegrins; however, the effect of EGT022 on Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced angiogenesis has not yet been determined. This study was conducted in order to evaluate the anti-angiogenic function of EGT022 in VEGF-induced endothelial cells.

Recombinant proteins of spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 with the Omicron receptor-binding domain induce production of highly Omicron-specific neutralizing antibodies.

Various vaccines have been developed to fight severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. However, new variants of SARS-CoV-2 undermine the effort to fight SARS-CoV-2. Here, we produced S proteins harboring the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the Omicron variant in plants.

Machine-Learning-Based Clinical Biomarker Using Cell-Free DNA for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC).

(1) Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Although various serum enzymes have been utilized for the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC, the currently available biomarkers lack the sensitivity needed to detect HCC at early stages and accurately predict treatment responses. (2) Methods: We utilized our highly sensitive cell-free DNA (cfDNA) detection system, in combination with a machine learning algorithm, to provide a platform for improved diagnosis and prognosis of HCC.

DDR-coin: An Efficient Probabilistic Distributed Trigger Counting Algorithm.

A distributed trigger counting (DTC) problem is to detect triggers in the distributed system consisting of nodes. DTC algorithms can be used for monitoring systems using sensors to detect a significant global change. When designing an efficient DTC algorithm, the following goals should be considered; minimizing the whole number of exchanged messages used for counting triggers and even distribution of communication loads among nodes.

Prognostic impact of CD8 and programmed death-ligand 1 expression in patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: The prognostic impact of the expression of CD8 and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) has not been established in patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: Surgical tissue specimens were obtained from 136 patients with NSCLC who underwent surgical resection. The expression levels of CD8 and PD-L1 were assessed using tissue microarrays and immunohistochemistry.

Prognostic impact of pretreatment albumin to globulin ratio in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with R-CHOP.

Objective: We evaluated the clinical implications of the albumin to globulin ratio (AGR) in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) treated with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (R-CHOP).

Methods: Data of 232 patients with DLBCL treated with first-line R-CHOP from 2004 to 2017 were reviewed retrospectively. Patients with AGR values ≥1.

Differential Diagnosis of Sinonasal Lymphoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma on CT, MRI, and PET/CT.

Objective The purpose of this study was to analyze computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) images and to evaluate the maximum standardized uptake value (SUV max) of positron emission tomography (PET)/CT parameters between sinonasal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), knowing the imaging features that distinguish sinonasal NHL from SCC. Study Design Case series with chart review. Setting University tertiary care facility.

Prognostic significance of phosphoinositide 3-kinase p110α and p110β isoforms in non-small cell lung cancer.

The proteins p110α and p110β are isoforms of the catalytic subunit of class I phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks). Class I PI3Ks are involved in the regulation of cell survival, growth, proliferation, and migration, and their aberrant activation contributes to the oncogenesis of various human cancers. In this study, we assessed expression of p110α and p110β in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and their association with clinicopathological factors and patient survival.

Feasibility and safety of nerve stimulator attachment to energy-based devices: A porcine model study.

Background: Recently, several energy-based devices (EBDs) have been developed and applied in the context of thyroid surgery. EBDs can reduce operation time, blood loss, and postoperative pain. Compared to conventional electrocautery, EBDs operate at a relatively lower temperature and produce minimal lateral tissue damage.

Multicenter Retrospective Analysis of Clinical Characteristics, Treatment Patterns, and Outcomes in Very Elderly Patients with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: The Korean Cancer Study Group LY16-01.

Purpose: The treatment strategy for elderly patients older than 80 years with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) has not been established because of poor treatment tolerability and lack of data.

Materials And Methods: This multicenter retrospective study was conducted to investigate clinical characteristics, treatment patterns and outcomes of patients older than 80 years who were diagnosed with DLBCL at 19 institutions in Korea between 2005 and 2016.

Results: A total of 194 patients were identified (median age, 83.

Clinical and audiological characteristics of 1000Hz audiometric notch patients.

Purpose: Among the hearing loss patients, we can confirm that the hearing loss of the specific frequency decreases, such as the 2000Hz notch in otosclerosis and the 4000Hz notch (c5-dip) in noise-induced hearing loss. The 1000Hz notch (c3-dip), however, is rarely studied. We fortuitously encountered a group of patients with a 1kHz hearing loss and report it with a review of the literature.

Clinical significance of the preoperative platelet count and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLT-PLR) in patients with surgically resected non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic significance of the preoperative platelet count (PLT) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in patients with surgically resected non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 202 patients treated for NSCLC between January 2002 and December 2007. Preoperative PLT and PLR scores were calculated using data obtained at the time of admission.

Delay of the Blink Reflex in Patients Receiving Platinum-Analogue Chemotherapy.

Objective: To investigate the presence of cranial neuropathy in patients with platinum-analogue chemotherapy using electrodiagnostic evaluations.

Methods: Thirty-nine patients whose chemotherapy was completed within a month and 40 control subjects were enrolled in the study. Electrodiagnostic evaluation was performed using sensory and motor nerve conduction studies and blink reflex studies, in addition to the two-point discrimination test.

Sarcopenia and inflammation are independent predictors of survival in male patients newly diagnosed with small cell lung cancer.

Purpose: Sarcopenia is suggested to be associated with cancer-related inflammation. We assessed the clinical outcome of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients according to sarcopenia and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR).

Methods: A total of 117 male SCLC patients treated with first-line chemo- or chemoradiotherapy were assessed based on a retrospective chart review.

Differential expression of heat shock protein 90 isoforms in small cell lung cancer.

Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), a molecular chaperone, plays important roles in cellular protection against various stressful stimuli and in the regulation of cellular growth and apoptosis. HSP90 has 4 different types of human isoforms; HSP90α, HSP90β, glucose related protein 94 (GRP94) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1). We assessed the differential expression of these HSP90 isoforms in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and the correlation of their expression levels with clinicopathological factors and patient survival rates.