Dual-biased metal oxide electrolyte-gated thin-film transistors for enhanced protonation in complex biofluids.

pH sensing technology is pivotal for monitoring aquatic ecosystems and diagnosing human health conditions. Indium-gallium-zinc oxide electrolyte-gated thin-film transistors (IGZO EGTFTs) are highly regarded as ion-sensing devices due to the pH-dependent surface chemistry of their sensing membranes. However, applying EGTFT-based pH sensors in complex biofluids containing diverse charged species poses challenges due to ion interference and inherently low sensitivity constrained by the Nernst limit.

Effects of lidocaine-plus-meloxicam treatment on behavioral and physiological changes, and leukocyte heat shock protein 90 gene expression after surgical castration in Hanwoo bulls.

This study examined the effects of surgical castration and lidocaine-plus-meloxicam treatment on growth, physiology, behaviors, and leukocyte heat shock protein 90 (HSP 90) gene expression in Hanwoo (Korean cattle) bulls. Twenty Hanwoo bulls (body weight 248.8 ± 28.

Selectively Self-Aligned Sol-Gel Copper Oxide for Large-Area Multi-Valued Logic Devices.

Rapid expansion of digital information density has led to a growing demand for multi-valued logic (MVL) systems, which aim to minimize energy and time consumption for computations. Heterojunction transistors represent a class of device architectures for MVL circuits; however, partially layered structures can be realized only for vacuum-deposited organic and transferred 2D materials due to the constraints of patterning processes. In this study, a novel CuO/IGZO heterojunction-based ternary inverter is presented via a sol-gel technique and direct patterning process using a self-assembled monolayer (SAM).

Wide-range and selective detection of SARS-CoV-2 DNA via surface modification of electrolyte-gated IGZO thin-film transistors.

The 2019 coronavirus pandemic resulted in a massive global healthcare crisis, highlighting the necessity to develop effective and reproducible platforms capable of rapidly and accurately detecting SARS-CoV-2. In this study, we developed an electrolyte-gated indium-gallium-zinc-oxide (IGZO) thin-film transistor with sequential surface modification to realize the low limit of detection (LoD <50 fM) and a wide detection range from 50 fM to 5 μM with good linearity (R = 0.9965), and recyclability.

-Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed Random Copolymerization of -Carboxyanhydrides of α-Amino Acids.

Synthetic polypeptides prepared from -carboxyanhydrides (NCAs) of α-amino acids are useful for elucidating the relationship between the primary structure of natural peptides and their immunogenicity. In this study, complex copolypeptide sequences were prepared using a recently developed technique; specifically, the random copolymerization of l-alanine NCA with NCAs of l-glutamic acid 5-benzylester (Bn-Glu NCA), -benzyl-cysteine (Bn-Cys NCA), -benzyl-l-serine (Bn-Ser NCA), and l-phenylalanine (Phe NCA) was performed using -heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysts. The NHC-initiated Ala NCA/Bn-Glu NCA and Ala NCA/Bn-Cys NCA copolymerization reactions achieved 90% conversion within 30 min.