Relationship between preinduction electroencephalogram patterns and propofol sensitivity in adult patients.

Purpose: To determine the precise induction dose, an objective assessment of individual propofol sensitivity is necessary. This study aimed to investigate whether preinduction electroencephalogram (EEG) data are useful in determining the optimal propofol dose for the induction of general anesthesia in healthy adult patients.

Methods: Seventy healthy adult patients underwent total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA), and the effect-site target concentration of propofol was observed to measure each individual's propofol requirements for loss of responsiveness.

Preoperative frailty assessment with ultrasound in elderly patients scheduled for total knee arthroplasty.

Background: Frailty, a decline in physical and cognitive reserve capacity, renders patients susceptible to various stressors and has been linked to adverse outcomes and increased healthcare utilization. This study aimed to determine whether ultrasound measurements of the rectus abdominis (RA) and biceps brachii (BB) could predict frailty in patients scheduled for total knee arthroplasty.

Methods: Frailty was assessed using the Clinical Frailty Scale in adults aged ≥60 years.

Handheld ultrasound-assisted versus palpation-guided combined spinal-epidural for labor analgesia: a randomized controlled trial.

Preprocedural ultrasound assistance can enhance the efficacy of neuraxial anesthesia in obstetrics. We investigated whether the use of handheld ultrasound can shorten the procedural time of labor combined spinal-epidural (CSE) analgesia compared with conventional landmark-guided methods. Eighty-four women requesting labor analgesia were randomly assigned to either handheld ultrasound-assisted or palpation-guided CSE analgesia.

Noninvasive hemoglobin monitoring for maintaining hemoglobin concentration within the target range during major noncardiac surgery: A randomized controlled trial.

Study Objective: The effect of noninvasive CO-oximetry hemoglobin (SpHb) monitoring on the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing surgery remains unclear. This trial aimed to evaluate whether SpHb monitoring helps maintain hemoglobin levels within a predefined target range during major noncardiac surgeries with a potential risk of intraoperative hemorrhage.

Design: A single-center, prospective, randomized controlled trial.

Positive end-expiratory pressure during one-lung ventilation for preventing atelectasis after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: a triple-arm, randomized controlled trial.

Background: There is little evidence regarding the benefits of lung-protective ventilation in patients undergoing one-lung ventilation for thoracic surgery. This study aimed to determine the optimal level of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) during one-lung ventilation for minimizing postoperative atelectasis through lung ultrasonography.

Methods: A total of 142 adult patients scheduled for video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery at Seoul National University Hospital between May 2019 and February 2020 were enrolled in this study.

Comparison between low-volume local anesthetic with intravenous dexamethasone and conventional volume without dexamethasone for superior trunk block after arthroscopic shoulder surgery: a randomized controlled non-inferiority trial.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate whether low-volume local anesthetic with intravenous dexamethasone can reduce the incidence of diaphragmatic paresis while maintaining the analgesic duration compared with conventional volume of local anesthetic without intravenous dexamethasone when performing ultrasound-guided superior trunk block in patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery.

Methods: Eighty-four adult patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery under general anesthesia were randomly assigned to receive ultrasound-guided superior trunk block using 7 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine with 0.

Influence of laminectomy on the lumbosacral cerebrospinal fluid volume: A retrospective magnetic resonance imaging study.

The cerebrospinal fluid volume affects the block height of spinal anaesthesia. Laminectomy of the lumbar spine may result in increased lumbosacral cerebrospinal fluid volume. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that the lumbosacral cerebrospinal fluid volume of patients with a history of lumbar laminectomy would be larger than that of patients with normal lumbar spine anatomy using magnetic resonance imaging.

Comparison of remimazolam and dexmedetomidine for intraoperative sedation in patients undergoing lower extremity surgery under spinal anesthesia: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Dexmedetomidine sedation has advantages, such as low incidence of respiratory depression and prolonged block duration, but also significant disadvantages, such as slow onset, high rate of sedation failure, and a long context-sensitive half-life. Remimazolam provides rapid sedation and recovery, high sedation efficacy and has minimal hemodynamic effects. We hypothesized that patients who received remimazolam would require less rescue midazolam than dexmedetomidine.

Association of Volatile Intravenous Anesthesia With Prognosis After Nephrectomy for Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Background/aim: A recent preclinical study reported that renal cell carcinoma was more susceptible to sevoflurane-mediated metastatic potentiation, compared to non-small cell lung cancer, suggesting that the effect of anesthetic agents on the metastatic potential varies according to cancer type. Based on this report, we conducted a retrospective cohort study to compare recurrence-free survival after nephrectomy, between renal cell carcinoma patients receiving volatile anesthesia and those receiving intravenous anesthesia.

Patients And Methods: We reviewed the electronic medical records of patients who underwent partial or radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma at the Seoul National University Hospital.

Relationships between common carotid artery blood flow and anesthesia, pneumoperitoneum, and head-down tilt position: a linear mixed-effect analysis.

Unlabelled: This study investigated the effects of pneumoperitoneum and the head-down tilt position on common carotid artery (CCA) blood flow in surgical patients.

Methods: This prospective observational study included 20 patients who underwent gynecological surgery. CCA blood flow was measured using Doppler ultrasound at four-time points: awake in the supine position [T1], 3 min after anesthesia induction in the supine position [T2], 3 min after pneumoperitoneum in the supine position [T3], and 3 min after pneumoperitoneum in the head-down tilt position [T4].

Effect of real-time binaural music on sedation with dexmedetomidine during spinal anesthesia: A triple-arm, assessor-blind, randomized controlled trial.

Study Objective: Binaural audio induces sedation and reduces pain and anxiety in surgical patients. This study tested the hypothesis that dexmedetomidine requirement for adequate sedation during spinal anesthesia would be lower in patients listening to music with binaural sound than that in patients listening to plain or no music.

Design: A triple-arm, assessor-blind, randomized controlled study.

Retrospective analysis of the incidence and predictors of postoperative nausea and vomiting after orthopedic surgery under spinal anesthesia.

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) commonly occurs after spinal anesthesia; however, its incidence rate and predictors have been scarcely studied. Therefore, we aimed to investigate its incidence rate and potential predictors.

Methods: The electronic medical records of 6,610 consecutive patients undergoing orthopedic surgery under spinal anesthesia were reviewed between January 2016 and December 2020.

Effect of remifentanil on post-operative analgesic consumption in patients undergoing shoulder arthroplasty after interscalene brachial plexus block: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: Remifentanil is useful in balanced anesthesia; however, there is concern regarding opioid-induced hyperalgesia. The effect of remifentanil on rebound pain, characterized by hyperalgesia after peripheral nerve block has rarely been studied. This study evaluated whether intraoperative remifentanil infusion may increase postoperative analgesic requirement in patients receiving preoperative interscalene brachial plexus block (IBP).

Ultrasound-assisted spinal anesthesia: A randomized comparison between midline and paramedian approaches.

Study Objective: Neuraxial ultrasonography can improve the technical performance of spinal anesthesia. However, there are no data regarding the optimal approach for ultrasound-assisted spinal anesthesia. This study aimed to compare the midline and paramedian approaches for ultrasound-assisted spinal anesthesia in adult orthopedic patients.

Anatomical changes of the ligamentum flavum and the epidural space after spinal surgery: a retrospective magnetic resonance imaging study.

Background: Anatomical changes of the ligamentum flavum (LF) and epidural space (ES) after spinal surgery may affect the loss-of-resistance during interlaminar epidural procedure and distribution of drug administered into the ES. This study aims to investigate clinically relevant anatomical changes of the LF and ES after spinal surgery.

Methods: We reviewed pre- and postoperative lumbar magnetic resonance imaging data from 34 patients who underwent spinal surgeries at two vertebral body levels.

Risk prediction models incorporating institutional case volume for mortality after hip fracture surgery in the elderly.

Introduction: While higher institutional case volume is associated with better postoperative outcomes in various types of surgery, institutional case volume has been rarely included in risk prediction models for surgical patients. This study aimed to develop and validate the predictive models incorporating institutional case volume for predicting in-hospital mortality and 1-year mortality after hip fracture surgery in the elderly.

Materials And Methods: Data for all patients (≥ 60 years) who underwent surgery for femur neck fracture, pertrochanteric fracture, or subtrochanteric fracture between January 2008 and December 2016 were extracted from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database.

Inverse correlation between gastroesophageal reflux disease and atrophic gastritis assessed by endoscopy and serology.

Background: () infection is known to prevent the occurrence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) by inducing gastric mucosal atrophy. However, little is known about the relationship between atrophic gastritis (AG) and GERD.

Aim: To confirm the inverse correlation between AG and the occurrence and severity of GERD.

Optimal angle of needle insertion for spinal anesthesia in patients with spondylolisthesis: an ultrasonographic study.

Background: Spondylolisthesis is a common degenerative spinal deformity. At the level of spondylolisthesis, the anatomy of the interlaminar space may differ from normal spine, in which case optimal angle of the needle insertion for spinal anesthesia may change. This study compared the optimal angle of needle insertion during spinal anesthesia in patients with and without lumbar spondylolisthesis using ultrasound.

Effect of Sedatives on In-hospital and Long-term Mortality of Critically Ill Patients Requiring Extended Mechanical Ventilation for ≥ 48 Hours.

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the correlation between sedatives and mortality in critically ill patients who required mechanical ventilation (MV) for ≥ 48 hours from 2008 to 2016.

Methods: We conducted a nationwide retrospective cohort study using population-based healthcare reimbursement claims database. Data from adult patients (aged ≥ 18) who underwent MV for ≥ 48 hours between 2008 and 2016 were identified and extracted from the National Health Insurance Service database.

The Association between Peri-Transplant RBC Transfusion and Graft Failure after Kidney Transplantation: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: Patients undergoing kidney transplantation (KT) often receive red blood cell (RBC) transfusion during admission for KT which may increase the risk of allosensitization. The association between peri-transplant RBC transfusion and graft survival was evaluated using a nationwide cohort.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 13,871 patients who underwent KT in Korea between 2007 and 2015.

Association between hospital liver transplantation volume and mortality after liver re-transplantation.

Background: The relationship between institutional liver transplantation (LT) case volume and clinical outcomes after liver re-transplantation is yet to be determined.

Methods: Patients who underwent liver re-transplantation between 2007 and 2016 were selected from the Korean National Healthcare Insurance Service database. Liver transplant centers were categorized to either high-volume centers (≥ 64 LTs/year) or low-volume centers (< 64 LTs/year) according to the annual LT case volume.

Comparative effectiveness of pharmacological interventions to prevent postoperative delirium: a network meta-analysis.

Many pharmacologic agents were investigated for the effect to prevent delirium. We aimed to comprehensively compare the effect of the pharmacological interventions to prevent postoperative delirium. A Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized trials was performed using random effects model.