A novel vector field analysis for quantitative structure changes after macular epiretinal membrane surgery.

The aim of this study was to introduce novel vector field analysis for the quantitative measurement of retinal displacement after epiretinal membrane (ERM) removal. We developed a novel framework to measure retinal displacement from retinal fundus images as follows: (1) rigid registration of preoperative retinal fundus images in reference to postoperative retinal fundus images, (2) extraction of retinal vessel segmentation masks from these retinal fundus images, (3) non-rigid registration of preoperative vessel masks in reference to postoperative vessel masks, and (4) calculation of the transformation matrix required for non-rigid registration for each pixel. These pixel-wise vector field results were summarized according to predefined 24 sectors after standardization.

Control of Tire Wear Particulate Matter through Tire Tread Prescription.

This study aims to analyze tire wear particulate matter (TWP) from tread rubber with different formulations and to compare the concentration of TWP with different wear devices. The TWP generated during the abrasion of truck and bus radial (TBR) tires were examined, and the effect of using different types of rubber and carbon black (CB) were investigated. When natural rubber (NR) was solely used as the tire tread rubber material, there was a higher concentration of 5-10 µm TWP.

NASAL CROWDING AND NASAL TILTING OF THE MACULA AFTER EPIRETINAL MEMBRANE SURGERY.

Purpose: To identify postoperative macula deviation after epiretinal membrane surgery and to investigate its clinical effects.

Methods: Patients who underwent idiopathic epiretinal membrane removal and followed up for >12 months were enrolled. Macular deviation was evaluated using disk margin-to-fovea distance, foveal angle, and horizontal and vertical asymmetry of retinal thickness and volume.

Plasma Antiretinal Autoantibody Profiling and Diagnostic Efficacy in Patients With Autoimmune Retinopathy.

Purpose: To evaluate plasma antiretinal autoantibody (ARA) profiling and diagnostic efficacy for autoimmune retinopathy (AIR).

Design: A multicenter, diagnostic evaluation study.

Methods: Forty-nine patients with a clinical diagnosis of AIR, disease controls including 20 patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP), and 30 normal controls were included.

Surgical outcomes of unilateral lateral rectus recession versus recess-resect in children with convergence insufficiency type intermittent exotropia.

To determine the efficacy of unilateral lateral rectus recession (ULR) for convergence insufficiency-type intermittent exotropia (CI-type IXT), we compared surgical outcomes following ULR and recess‒resect (RR) procedures for CI-type IXT. In this retrospective study, medical records of 57 children who underwent ULR (n = 30) or RR (n = 27) for CI-type IXT of less than 25 PD at distance with a postoperative follow-up of 6 months or more were reviewed. Surgical success was defined as an alignment between 10 PD exodeviation and 5 PD esodeviation at distance and near fixation.

Comparison of clinical usefulness of central 30-2 and 24-2 threshold tests using SITA strategy.

Purpose: To compare the clinical utilities of the SITA-based central 24-2 and 30-2 threshold tests.

Methods: Three hundred sixty-five (365) eyes of 183 glaucoma and glaucoma suspect patients who had undergone both central 30-2 and 24-2 threshold testing using the Swedish interactive threshold algorithm (SITA) standard strategy were retrospectively reviewed. The tests were performed in patients with a minimum visual acuity of LogMAR best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) 0.

Surgical outcomes of intermittent exotropia according to exotropia type based on distance/near differences.

We compare the surgical outcomes of intermittent exotropia of the basic, pseudo-divergence excess (pseudo-DE) and true divergence excess (true DE) types. A study was performed with 342 patients who had undergone surgery for intermittent exotropia of the basic, pseudo-DE or true DE type with a postoperative follow-up period of 6 months or more. The main outcome measures were postoperative angles of deviation at distance and near, and surgical success rates.

Utility of the optical quality analysis system for decision-making in cataract surgery.

Background: A cataract is a common cause of vision impairment that requires surgery in older subjects. The Optical Quality Analysis System (OQAS, Visiometrics SL, Terrassa, Spain) assesses the optical quality of the eye in cataract patients. This study shows the role of the optical quality evaluation system for decision-making in cataract surgery.

Changes of corneal topographic measurements and higher-order aberrations after surgery for exotropia.

Purpose: To analyze changes in corneal topographic measurements and higher-order aberrations (HOAs) after horizontal muscle surgery for exotropia.

Design: Retrospective, observational study.

Methods: A total of 131 eyes of 121 patients who had undergone surgery for exotropia were included.

Postoperative changes of intermittent exotropia type as classified by 1-hour monocular occlusion.

Purpose: To evaluate postoperative changes of the intermittent exotropia type as classified by 1-hour monocular occlusion test.

Design: Institutional, retrospective study.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 179 patients who had undergone surgery for intermittent exotropia with a postoperative follow-up of 6 months or more.

Effect of combining inferior oblique muscle weakening procedures with exotropia surgery on the surgical correction of exotropia.

Purpose: To determine whether the inferior oblique (IO) muscle weakening procedure combined with exotropia surgery affects the surgical correction of exotropia.

Design: Institutional, retrospective study.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 310 patients who had undergone exotropia-correcting surgery combined with IO weakening (group A, 64 patients) or without IO weakening (group B, 246) with a postoperative follow-up of 6 months or more.

Early postoperative changes of motor alignment after surgery for intermittent exotropia.

Purpose: To evaluate the early postoperative changes of the angle of deviation after surgery for intermittent exotropia.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 114 patients who had been surgically treated for intermittent exotropia and followed-up on postoperatively for 1 month or more. Patients were observed at postoperative 6 h, 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month.

Influence of Myopia on Size of Optic Nerve Head and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness Measured by Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography.

Purpose: To investigate optic nerve head size and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness according to refractive status and axial length.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 252 eyes of 252 healthy volunteers underwent ocular biometry measurement as well as optic nerve head and RNFL imaging by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Correlation and linear regression analyses were performed for all subjects.

Vitamin D Supplementation for Patients with Dry Eye Syndrome Refractory to Conventional Treatment.

This study investigated the effect of vitamin D supplementation in patients with dry eye syndrome (DES) refractory to conventional treatment with vitamin D deficiency. A total of 105 patients with DES refractory to conventional treatment and vitamin D deficiency that was treated with an intramuscular injection of cholecalciferol (200,000 IU). Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels were measured.

Low Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels Are Associated with Dry Eye Syndrome.

Background: Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a common tear film and ocular surface disease that results in discomfort, visual disturbance, and tear film instability with potential damage to the ocular surface. Systemic diseases associated with DES include diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, depression, anxiety, thyroid disease, allergic diseases, irritable bowel syndrome, chronic pain syndrome, and hyperlipidemia. Interestingly, it has been found that most of these are associated with low levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) or inadequate sunlight exposure.