Summer Ostreopsis blooms in San Sebastian (South-East Bay of Biscay): The importance of substrate features.

During summer 2020 and 2021, harmful episodes of Ostreopsis were first reported in the Bay of Biscay, affecting the Spanish Basque coast, specifically the city of San Sebastian. This led to implement samplings during summer 2022 and 2023 within this region; two close sites distinguished, primarily, by their substrate features were selected. The abundances of Ostreopsis spp.

Response of the phytoplankton community to the cessation of wastewater discharges in the urdaibai estuary (SE bay of biscay) based on PIGMENTUM analysis of HPLC pigments.

Phytoplankton responds rapidly to nutrient availability variations, becoming a useful indicator for eutrophication and/or management actions to reduce it. The present study evaluated the medium-term response of the phytoplankton community of a temperate estuary (Urdaibai estuary) to the cessation of discharges from a wastewater treatment-plant (WWTP), comparing the physicochemical conditions and the phytoplankton community before (2020) and after (2022) the sewerage works. The cessation led to a decrease of ammonium and phosphate, causing decreases of phytoplankton biomass in the outer and middle estuary and increases in the surroundings of the WWTP.

Unveiling potential of promising filamentous microalga Klebsormidium cf. nitens: Shear stress resilience and carotenoid-fatty acid dynamics in tubular photobioreactor.

In this study, the effects of shear stress and different culture media on the growth of the filamentous microalga Klebsormidium cf. nitens were studied. The microalga's growth, carotenoids and fatty acids were further evaluated in a pump-driven tubular photobioreactor.

Mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein enhances MASLD progression through the ERK/TNFα/NFκβ pathway.

Background And Aims: Mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) is a critical regulator that activates the host's innate immunity against RNA viruses, and its signaling pathway has been linked to the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. However, the actions of MAVS on inflammatory pathways during the development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) have been little studied.

Approach And Results: Liver proteomic analysis of mice with genetically manipulated hepatic p63, a transcription factor that induces liver steatosis, revealed MAVS as a target downstream of p63.

p63 controls metabolic activation of hepatic stellate cells and fibrosis via an HER2-ACC1 pathway.

The p63 protein has pleiotropic functions and, in the liver, participates in the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, its functions in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) have not yet been explored. TAp63 is induced in HSCs from animal models and patients with liver fibrosis and its levels positively correlate with NAFLD activity score and fibrosis stage.

Further Studies on the Highly Active Des-C-Ring and Aromatic-D-Ring Analogues of 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D (Calcitriol): Refinement of the Side Chain.

Current efforts in the vitamin D field are directed toward the development of highly antiproliferative yet noncalcemic analogues of the natural hormone 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25D). We have recently reported the design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and crystal structures of a series of novel analogues that both lack the steroidal C-ring and have an -phenylene ring replacing the steroidal cyclopentane D-ring. We have now investigated the potentiating effects of incorporating selected modifications (hexafluorination and/or an internal triple bond) within the steroidal side chain in our series.

Assessment of the marine microalga Chrysochromulina rotalis as bioactive feedstock cultured in an easy-to-deploy light-emitting-diode-based tubular photobioreactor.

Marine microalgae have potential to be low-cost raw materials. This depends on the exploitation of different biomass fractions for high-value products, including unique compounds. Chrysochromulina rotalis, an under-explored haptophyte with promising properties, was the focus of this study.

Phytoplankton community composition in relation to environmental variability in the Urdaibai estuary (SE Bay of Biscay): Microscopy and eDNA metabarcoding.

Phytoplankton monitoring is essential for the global understanding of aquatic ecosystems. The present research studies the phytoplankton community of the Urdaibai estuary, combining microscopy and eDNA metabarcoding for the first time in the area. The main aims were to describe the phytoplankton community composition in relation to the environmental conditions of the estuary, and to compare the two methods used.

Proteomic and Global DNA Methylation Modulation in Lipid Metabolism Disorders with a Marine-Derived Bioproduct.

Dyslipidemia is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke. Our recent findings showed that RCI-1502, a bioproduct derived from the muscle of the European S. pilchardus, has lipid-lowering effects in the liver and heart in high-fat diet (HFD) fed mice.

Bioactives Overproduction through Operational Strategies in the Ichthyotoxic Microalga Culture.

The red tide-forming microalga has been associated with massive events of fish deaths, both wild and cultured. Culture conditions are responsible for the synthesis or accumulation of some metabolites with different interesting bioactivities. LC269919 strain was grown in a 10 L bubble column photobioreactor artificially illuminated with multi-coloured LED lights.

Evaluation of algaecide effectiveness of five different oxidants applied on harmful phytoplankton.

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) in coastal areas similarly impact both ecosystems and human health. The translocation of phytoplankton species via maritime transport can potentially promote the growth of HABs in coastal systems. Accordingly, ballast water must be disinfected.

Gene Expression Profiling as a Novel Diagnostic Tool for Neurodegenerative Disorders.

There is a lack of effective diagnostic biomarkers for neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs). Here, we established gene expression profiles for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and vascular (VaD)/mixed dementia. Patients with AD had decreased APOE, PSEN1, and ABCA7 mRNA expression.

DNA Methylation as a Biomarker for Monitoring Disease Outcome in Patients with Hypovitaminosis and Neurological Disorders.

DNA methylation remains an under-recognized diagnostic biomarker for several diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, we examined differences in global DNA methylation (5mC) levels in serum samples from patients during the initial- and the follow-up visits. Each patient underwent a blood analysis and neuropsychological assessments.

Contributions of human amygdala nuclei to resting-state networks.

The amygdala is a brain region with a complex internal structure that is associated with psychiatric disease. Methodological limitations have complicated the study of the internal structure of the amygdala in humans. In the current study we examined the functional connectivity between nine amygdaloid nuclei and existing resting-state networks using a high spatial-resolution fMRI dataset.

The Centennial Collection of VDR Ligands: Metabolites, Analogs, Hybrids and Non-Secosteroidal Ligands.

Since the discovery of vitamin D a century ago, a great number of metabolites, analogs, hybrids and nonsteroidal VDR ligands have been developed. An enormous effort has been made to synthesize compounds which present beneficial properties while attaining lower calcium serum levels than calcitriol. This structural review covers VDR ligands published to date.

Design, Synthesis, Biological Activity, and Structural Analysis of Novel Des-C-Ring and Aromatic-D-Ring Analogues of 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D.

The toxic calcemic effects of the natural hormone 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25D, 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol) in the treatment of hyperproliferative diseases demand the development of highly active and noncalcemic vitamin D analogues. We report the development of two highly active and noncalcemic analogues of 1,25D that lack the C-ring and possess an -phenylene ring that replaces the natural D-ring. The new analogues (, ) are characterized by an additional six-carbon hydroxylated side chain attached either to the aromatic nucleus or to the triene system.

Effects of Conditioned Medium from Human Uterine Cervical Stem Cells in an Ovarian Cancer Xenograft Mouse Model.

Background/aim: Ovarian cancer is the most lethal of all gynecological cancers, despite advances in surgical techniques and medical treatments. During the last years, therapies based on mesenchymal stem cells and particularly their secretome (conditioned medium, CM) have emerged as promising treatments for various types of tumors.

Materials And Methods: In the present study, we evaluated the in vivo antitumor effect of human uterine cervical stem cell conditioned medium (hUCESC-CM) after intraperitoneal administration in an ovarian cancer mouse model.

Hepatic p63 regulates glucose metabolism by repressing SIRT1.

Objective: p63 is a transcription factor within the p53 protein family that has key roles in development, differentiation and prevention of senescence, but its metabolic actions remain largely unknown. Herein, we investigated the physiological role of p63 in glucose metabolism.

Design: We used cell lines and mouse models to genetically manipulate p63 in hepatocytes.

Daily-Life Physical Activity of Healthy Young Adults Associates With Function and Structure of the Hippocampus.

Previous research on Physical Activity (PA) has been highly valuable in elucidating how PA affects the structure and function of the hippocampus in elderly populations that take part in structured interventions. However, how PA affects the hippocampus in younger populations that perform PA during daily-life activities remains poorly understood. In addition, this research has not examined the impact of PA on the internal structure of the hippocampus.

Medial temporal lobe contributions to resting-state networks.

The medial temporal lobe (MTL) is a set of interconnected brain regions that have been shown to play a central role in behavior as well as in neurological disease. Recent studies using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) have attempted to understand the MTL in terms of its functional connectivity with the rest of the brain. However, the exact characterization of the whole-brain networks that co-activate with the MTL as well as how the various sub-regions of the MTL are associated with these networks remains poorly understood.

O-GlcNAcylated p53 in the liver modulates hepatic glucose production.

p53 regulates several signaling pathways to maintain the metabolic homeostasis of cells and modulates the cellular response to stress. Deficiency or excess of nutrients causes cellular metabolic stress, and we hypothesized that p53 could be linked to glucose maintenance. We show here that upon starvation hepatic p53 is stabilized by O-GlcNAcylation and plays an essential role in the physiological regulation of glucose homeostasis.