Optimizing the Hospital Blood Bank Stock in Korea: A Comparative Analysis of the Uniform 5-Day Stock Index and a Novel Blood Stock Index.

Background: Maintaining optimal blood inventory levels in hospitals is important to prevent blood shortage and wastage. We aimed to provide an efficient blood inventory management strategy for hospital blood banks nation-wide by comparing the current use of 5-day issuable stock (IS) with Lim's IS as a novel target IS.

Methods: The average and CV of daily usage (DU) were calculated from information entered into Korea's Blood Management System by 194 participating hospitals in 2019 and 2020.

Investigation of pharmacokinetic properties of a PEGylated bilirubin nanoparticle in male Sprague-Dawley rats using liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was introduced into synthetic bilirubin 3α and a PEGylated bilirubin 3α nanoparticle (BX-001N, Brixelle®) was developed for the first time.An microsomal stability study, in vivo PK studies with intravenous bolus (IV) and subcutaneous injection (SC), and a semi-mass balance study of BX-001N were investigated to evaluate its pharmacokinetic (PK) properties in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats using developed liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-qTOF/MS).Following IV administration at 10 or 30 mg/kg, BX-001N showed very low clearance (0.

Evaluation of In Vivo Prepared Albumin-Drug Conjugate Using Immunoprecipitation Linked LC-MS Assay and Its Application to Mouse Pharmacokinetic Study.

There have been many attempts in pharmaceutical industries and academia to improve the pharmacokinetic characteristics of anti-tumor small-molecule drugs by conjugating them with large molecules, such as monoclonal antibodies, called ADCs. In this context, albumin, one of the most abundant proteins in the blood, has also been proposed as a large molecule to be conjugated with anti-cancer small-molecule drugs. The half-life of albumin is 3 weeks in humans, and its distribution to tumors is higher than in normal tissues.

Investigation of In Vitro and In Vivo Metabolism of α-Amanitin in Rats Using Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometric Method.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the difference of in vitro-in vivo correlation of α-amanitin from clearance perspectives as well as to explore the possibility of extra-hepatic metabolism of α-amanitin. First, a liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight-mass spectrometric (LC-qTOF-MS) method for α-amanitin in rat plasma was developed and applied to evaluate the in vitro liver microsomal metabolic stability using rat and human liver microsomes and the pharmacokinetics of α-amanitin in rat. The predicted hepatic clearance of α-amanitin in rat liver microsomes was quite low (5.

Investigation of Discrepant ABO Blood Grouping Results from an Autoanalyzer.

Background: A paucity of studies evaluating failed cases of ABO grouping using autoanalyzers exists. We investigated autoanalyzer rejected cases, including serologically suspicious ABO subgroups and discrepant ABO blood grouping results from Erytra Eflexis (Grifols, Spain), to demonstrate efficient use of autoanalyzers for ABO grouping.

Methods: Samples requested for ABO grouping throughout 2020 were tested using two Eflexis instruments and standard ABO RhD and reverse grouping cards.

Quantitative Analysis of Daporinad (FK866) and Its In Vitro and In Vivo Metabolite Identification Using Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry.

Daporinad (FK866) is one of the highly specific inhibitors of nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (NAMPT) and known to have its unique mechanism of action that induces the tumor cell apoptosis. In this study, a simple and sensitive liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight-mass spectrometric (LC-qTOF-MS) assay has been developed for the evaluation of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics (DMPK) properties of Daporinad in mice. A simple protein precipitation method using acetonitrile (ACN) was used for the sample preparation and the pre-treated samples were separated by a C18 column.

Chromosomal abnormalities of 19,000 couples with recurrent spontaneous abortions: a multicenter study.

Objective: To investigate the demographic data and karyotypes of 19,000 couples who experienced recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA).

Design: A cross-sectional study of 19,000 couples.

Setting: Five hospitals.

Assessments of the In Vitro and In Vivo Linker Stability and Catabolic Fate for the Ortho Hydroxy-Protected Aryl Sulfate Linker by Immuno-Affinity Capture Liquid Chromatography Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometric Assay.

Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) linkers play an important role in determining the safety and efficacy of ADC. The Ortho Hydroxy-Protected Aryl Sulfate (OHPAS) linker is a newly developed linker in the form of a di-aryl sulfate structure consisting of phenolic payload and self-immolative group (SIG). In this study, using two bioanalytical approaches (namely "bottom-up" and "middle-up" approaches) via the liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometric (LC-qTOF-MS) method, in vitro and in vivo linker stability experiments were conducted for the OHPAS linker.

The effects of health care programs for gestational diabetes mellitus in South Korea: a systematic review.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects and characteristics of health care programs for pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Korea.

Methods: This study was conducted according to the Cochrane Collaboration's systematic literature review handbook and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses reporting guideline. We searched eight international and domestic electronic databases for relevant studies.

Identification of a novel HLA-C*03:04 allele, HLA-C*03:04:84, in a Korean individual.

HLA-C*03:04:84 differs from C*03:04:01:01 by a synonymous mutation in codon 12 in exon 2.

Qualification and application of liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometric method for the determination of carisbamate in rat plasma and prediction of its human pharmacokinetics using physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling.

Carisbamate is an antiepileptic drug and it also has broad neuroprotective activity and anticonvulsant reaction. In this study, a liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometric (LC-qTOF-MS) method was developed and applied for the determination of carisbamate in rat plasma to support and studies. A quadratic regression (weighted 1/concentration), with an equation y = ax + bx + c, was used to fit calibration curves over the concentration range from 9.

Assessment of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Profiles of SCH 58261 in Rats Using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometric Method.

5-Amino-7-(2-phenylethyl)-2-(2-furyl)-pyrazolo(4,3-e)-1,2,4-triazolo(1,5-c) pyrimidine (SCH 58261) is one of the new chemical entities that has been developed as an adenosine A receptor antagonist. Although SCH 58261 has been reported to be beneficial, there is little information about SCH 58261 from a drug metabolism or pharmacokinetics perspective. This study describes the metabolism and pharmacokinetic properties of SCH 58261 in order to understand its behaviors in vivo.

In Vitro, In Silico, and In Vivo Assessments of Pharmacokinetic Properties of ZM241385.

Parkinson's disease is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. Adenosine regulates the response to other neurotransmitters in the brain regions related to motor function. In the several subtypes of adenosine receptors, especially, adenosine 2A receptors (ARs) are involved in neurodegenerative conditions.

Analysis of bone marrow supernatant neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and hematological parameters in hematological malignancy.

Background: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a urine biomarker related to acute renal injury. Whereas several studies have evaluated NGAL levels in hematological malignancy, using peripheral blood (PB). Recently, bone marrow (BM) NGAL level was reported to be higher than PB NGAL level in individuals with hematological malignancy, suggesting that BM NGAL would reflect BM microenvironment better than PB NGAL.

Multi-Platform Omics Analysis for Identification of Molecular Characteristics and Therapeutic Targets of Uveal Melanoma.

Currently, there is no effective treatment for metastatic uveal melanoma (UVM). Here, we aimed to identify the mechanism involving intrinsic chemoresistance of metastatic UVM and the relevant therapeutic targets for UVM. We analyzed cohorts of 80 and 67 patients with primary UVM and skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM), respectively, using The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset.

Punctate Inner Choroidopathy and Choroidal Neovascularization in Korean Patients.

: To describe the clinical features and outcomes of punctate inner choroidopathy (PIC) in Korean patients: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with PIC between 2004 and 2015. The main outcome measures included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), presence of choroidal neovascularization (CNV), and optical coherence tomography findings. Patients with and without CNV were compared.

Decreased microbial co-occurrence network stability and SCFA receptor level correlates with obesity in African-origin women.

We compared the gut microbial populations in 100 women, from rural Ghana and urban US [50% lean (BMI < 25 kg/m) and 50% obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m)] to examine the ecological co-occurrence network topology of the gut microbiota as well as the relationship of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) with obesity. Ghanaians consumed significantly more dietary fiber, had greater microbial alpha-diversity, different beta-diversity, and had a greater concentration of total fecal SCFAs (p-value < 0.002).

Comparative Effectiveness of Abdominal versus Laparoscopic Radical Hysterectomy for Cervical Cancer in the Postdissemination Era.

Purpose: Despite the benefits of minimally invasive surgery for cervical cancer, there are a lack of randomized trials comparing laparoscopic radical hysterectomy and abdominal radical hysterectomy. We compared morbidity, cost of care, and survival between abdominal radical hysterectomy and laparoscopic radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer.

Materials And Methods: We used the Korean nationwide database to identify women with cervical cancer who underwent radical hysterectomy from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2014.

Epstein-Barr Virus Fusion with Epithelial Cells Triggered by gB Is Restricted by a gL Glycosylation Site.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) entry into epithelial cells is mediated by the conserved core fusion machinery, composed of the fusogen gB and the receptor-binding complex gH/gL. The heterodimeric gH/gL complex binds to the EBV epithelial cell receptor or gp42, which binds to the B-cell receptor, triggering gB-mediated fusion of the virion envelope with cellular membranes. Our previous study found that the gL glycosylation mutant N69L/S71V had an epithelial cell-specific hyperfusogenic phenotype.

Effect of zeaxanthin on porcine embryonic development during in vitro maturation.

Zeaxanthin is a common carotenoid, which is a powerful antioxidant that protects against damage caused by reactive oxygen species. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of zeaxanthin supplementation on in vitro maturation of porcine embryo development. We investigated nuclear maturation, intracellular glutathione (GSH), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels during in vitro maturation, and subsequent embryonic development following parthenogenetic activation and in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Next-generation sequencing of in breast cancer patients: potential effects on clinical decision-making using rapid, high-accuracy genetic results.

Purpose: We evaluated the clinical role of rapid next-generation sequencing (NGS) for identifying mutations compared to traditional Sanger sequencing.

Methods: Twenty-four paired samples from 12 patients were analyzed in this prospective study to compare the performance of NGS to the Sanger method. Both NGS and Sanger sequencing were performed in 2 different laboratories using blood samples from patients with breast cancer.