Do Surgical Oncology Multidisciplinary Team Meetings Make a Difference?

Background: Multidisciplinary team (MDT) meetings are important but resource-expensive components of surgical and oncologic care. This cohort study investigated the effectiveness of surgical MDT meetings by assessing the predictability of MDT meeting recommendations, the degree that patient management plans are changed by discussion, and the incidence of recommendation implementation.

Methods: Multidisciplinary team meetings at The Queen Elizabeth Hospital in South Australia were audited for upper gastrointestinal (UGI) and colorectal (CR) surgical units from August 2021 to June 2022.

mHealth Apps for Dementia, Alzheimer Disease, and Other Neurocognitive Disorders: Systematic Search and Environmental Scan.

Background: Lifestyle behaviors including exercise, sleep, diet, stress, mental stimulation, and social interaction significantly impact the likelihood of developing dementia. Mobile health (mHealth) apps have been valuable tools in addressing these lifestyle behaviors for general health and well-being, and there is growing recognition of their potential use for brain health and dementia prevention. Effective apps must be evidence-based and safeguard user data, addressing gaps in the current state of dementia-related mHealth apps.

Arthroscopic and Radiographic Features Distinguish Femoral Head Deformity from Idiopathic Cam, Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis, and Recurrent Cam After Slipped Epiphysis.

Introduction: Hip impingement from slipped epiphysis and idiopathic cam is well known but not fully differentiated. Idiopathic cam can be a result of an undiagnosed slip. The mechanism of remodeling of slipped epiphysis deformity has also been controversial.

Acute Pulmonary Embolism Following Baker's Cyst Excision - A Life Threatening Complication: A Case Report.

A 55-year-old women was diagnosed with Baker's cyst and underwent open Baker's cyst excision. She had developed acute pulmonary embolism in the post-operative period. Our case report is to emphasise the sub-clinical concomitant deep vein thrombosis with Baker's cyst.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of cabozantinib compared with everolimus, axitinib, and nivolumab in subsequent line advanced renal cell carcinoma in Japan.

Aims: The treatment landscape of renal cell carcinoma has changed with the introduction of targeted therapies. While the clinical benefit of cabozantinib is well-established for Japanese patients who have received prior treatment, the economic benefit remains unclear. The objective of this study was to assess the cost-effectiveness of cabozantinib compared with everolimus, axitinib, and nivolumab in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma who have failed at least one prior therapy in Japan.

A Non-Systemic Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitor Suppresses Colon Proliferation in Mice.

Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE5i) are under investigation for repurposing for colon cancer prevention. A drawback to conventional PDE5i are their side-effects and drug-drug interactions. We designed an analog of the prototypical PDE5i sildenafil by replacing the methyl group on the piperazine ring with malonic acid to reduce lipophilicity, and measured its entry into the circulation and effects on colon epithelium.

Open Non-conjoint Bicondylar Hoffa Fracture with Ipsilateral Tibial Spine Avulsion and Disruption of Patellar Tendon - A Rare Case.

Introduction: Hoffa's fracture is rare high velocity injuries. Bicondylar Hoffa is a rare fracture entity with only few reported cases.

Case Report: We report a case of open Type 3b non-conjoint bicondylar Hoffa fracture accompanied with ipsilateral anterior tibial spine avulsion and disruption of the patellar tendon.

Major implications of single nucleotide polymorphisms in human carboxylesterase 1 on substrate bioavailability.

The number of studies and reviews conducted for the Carboxylesterase gene is limited in comparison with other enzymes. Carboxylesterase (CES) gene or human carboxylesterases (hCES) is a multigene protein belonging to the α/β-hydrolase family. Over the last decade, two major carboxylesterases (CES1 and CES2), located at 16q13-q22.

Describing the Structural Phenotype of the Glaucomatous Optic Nerve Head Using Artificial Intelligence.

Purpose: To develop a novel deep-learning approach that can describe the structural phenotype of the glaucomatous optic nerve head (ONH) and can be used as a robust glaucoma diagnosis tool.

Design: Retrospective, deep-learning approach diagnosis study.

Method: We trained a deep-learning network to segment 3 neural-tissue and 4 connective-tissue layers of the ONH.

Towards label-free 3D segmentation of optical coherence tomography images of the optic nerve head using deep learning.

Recently proposed deep learning (DL) algorithms for the segmentation of optical coherence tomography (OCT) images to quantify the morphological changes to the optic nerve head (ONH) tissues during glaucoma have limited clinical adoption due to their device specific nature and the difficulty in preparing manual segmentations (training data). We propose a DL-based 3D segmentation framework that is easily translatable across OCT devices in a label-free manner (i.e.

Pharmaceutical industry-authored preprints: scientific and social media impact.

Aim: Non-peer-reviewed manuscripts posted as preprints can be cited in peer-reviewed articles, which has both merits and demerits. International Committee of Medical Journal Editors guidelines mandate authors to declare preprints at the time of manuscript submission. We evaluated the trends in pharma-authored research published as preprints and their scientific and social media impact by analyzing citation rates and altmetrics.

Perspectives on the Early Quality of Evidence Guiding the Therapeutic Management of SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Literature Review.

Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak is a serious health concern. Repurposing of existing drugs indicated for other conditions seems to be the first choice for immediate therapeutic management. The quality of early evidence favoring the different treatment options needs to be apprised for informed decision-making.

Monostotic Paget Disease of the Lumbar Vertebrae: A Pathological Mimicker.

Paget disease is a metabolic disorder involving abnormal bone turnover that consists of 3 phases: the initial lytic phase, the intermediate mixed phase, and the chronic sclerotic phase. Paget disease mostly presents as polyostotic or monostotic lesions of the spine, and is rare on the Indian subcontinent. We present a case of isolated Paget disease of the lumbar third vertebra, which was confirmed only at biopsy.

Nanocarriers for brain specific delivery of anti-retro viral drugs: challenges and achievements.

HIV/AIDS is a global pandemic and the deleterious effects of human immunodeficiency virus in the brain cannot be overlooked. Though the current anti-retro viral therapy is able to reduce the virus load in the peripheral tissues of the body, the inability of the anti-retro viral drugs to cross the blood brain barrier, as such, limits its therapeutic effect in the brain. The development of newer, successful nanoparticulate drug delivery systems to enhance the feasibility of the anti-retro viral drugs to the brain, offers a novel strategy to treat the AIDS-related neuronal degradation.

The Blood Brain Barrier and its Role in Alzheimer's Therapy: An Overview.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most frequent age related neurodegenerative disorder. It represents 70% of all dementia. Millions of people have been affected by AD worldwide.

Posttraumatic Static Volar Intercalated Segment Instability - Iatrogenic or Missed Injury.

Introduction: Carpal instability is broad category consisting of various patterns of injury, with dissociative type more common.

Case Report: A 13 -year -old boy presented at 6 months following a fall with restriction of wrist movements. Patient had sustained a closed distal one -third both bones fracture forearm fixed with K -wire, and volar lunate instability was found during sequential follow -up.

Status Epilepticus: An Overview.

Status epilepticus (SE) is an emergency situation, where immediate and effective treatment is required in least possible time as it is associated with neuronal damage, systemic complications, substantial morbidity and mortality depending on status type, duration, age and etiology. In the past few years, morbidity and mortality rate were improved, probably may be due to aggressive use of anti-epileptic drugs in emergency situations. Present literature gives an overview of the conditions leading to SE and its management guidelines in hospital and out of hospital setting emphasizing on the available drug therapies.

A pharmacological overview of lamotrigine for the treatment of epilepsy.

Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders, affecting about 2% of the population worldwide. Lamotrigine (LTG) is a second generation anti-epileptic drug (AED) with broad spectrum of activity, a favourable side-effect profile, simpler dosing than earlier drugs and efficacious in diverse epilepsy syndromes. Areas covered: The present review focuses on pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, safety and tolerability of LTG and its effect on cognition, psychiatry, quality of life, women and pregnancy along with effect of enzyme inducing and enzyme inhibiting drugs over LTG and their effect on serum level fluctuations by collecting data from various studies over the years until 2016.

Correction: Structure-Activity Relationship Studies of N- and C-Terminally Modified Secretin Analogs for the Human Secretin Receptor.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Unclassified tibial hemimelia.

Tibial hemimelia (congenital longitudinal deficiency of the tibia) is rare (1 in 1 000 000). There are several classifications in the literature. We report an unclassified case of tibial hemimelia.

Novel anionic polymer as a carrier for CNS delivery of anti-Alzheimer drug.

Natural and plant-based polymers could be used for control release of drugs and also helps in targeting drug to the site of action. The main objective of present work was to check the feasibility of plant-based, namely, mango gum polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) as a carrier for central nervous system (CNS) delivery using model drug donepezil (DZP). The NPs were prepared by modified ionic gelation method and emulsion cross-linking method.