[External auditory canal osteoma].

Introduction: Osteomas are a slow growing benign neoplasm of unknown etiology very rarely involving the temporal bone. They develop in the external auditory canal on squamous sections, in the mastoid, middle and inner ear. By bone composition they are divided into spongious (osteoma spongiosum) and compact osteomas (osteoma eburnum); by growth direction, into outward-growing (exosteoma) and in inward-growing (endosteoma); into unilateral and bilateral; by size, into small and gigantic; by surface structure, into smooth and multilobular; by number, into solitary and multiple; into symmetrical and asymmetrical.

[Osteomyelitis of right frontal sinus anterior wall].

Introduction: The paper describes a very rare, isolated exocranial complication of the purulent frontal sinus inflammation. Frontal bone osteomyelitis occurs either in the course of an acute episode or during the exacerbation of a chronic disease. By distribution, it can be diffuse or circumscript.

[Early detection of hearing impairment in children].

Good hearing is necessary for speech learning, and for physical and mental development. Hearing impairment is serious disease for the newborn. It has negative effect to speech development.

[The history of audiology].

Introduction: The paper presents historical data on development of audiology as a medical speciality. It gives the chronological overview of the most significant discoveries which have contributed to the progress and constant development of the science of hearing. The insights and discoveries encompass the ancient, medieval and contemporary medical science.

[Osteomas of the middle ear].

Introduction: Osteomas of the middle ear are small, single, usually unilateral, peduncular growths, off-white in colour, with smooth or multilobular surface, asymptomatic or causing functional disorders (progressive hearing loss, pathological appearance of the eardrum, vertigo and otorrhea), of unclear or unknown etiology. Fleury described three types of osteomas: massive, diffuse atticoantral and localized type. The therapy is surgical.

[Otologic surgical procedures in an Ear, Nose and Throat Department in Subotica from 1987 to 2001].

Introduction: This paper deals with otologic surgical procedures performed in a an Ear, Nose and Throat Department during a 15-year period. The authors compared the number of otologic surgical procedures with the number of laryngomicroscopies and procedures performed in Waldeyer's ring.

Results: From January 1, 1987 to December 31, 2001, 1184 patients underwent the following surgical procedures in total endotracheal anesthesia: 285 paracenteses, 473 ventilation tubes insertions, 175 antrotomies or mastoidectomies, 194 tympanoplasties, 34 radical mastoidectomies, 4 facial nerve decompressions, 5 exostoses or osteoma of the external auditory canal operations and 14 stapedectomies.

[Tonsillectomies and adenoidectomies over a 60-year period (1939-1998) at the Otorhinolaryngology Department in Subotica].

Introduction: This paper presents available epidemiological data on number and types of surgeries of Waldeyer's ring over a sixty-year period, as well as their interactions.

Results: Out of 80.477 patients operated on in the period from December 1, 1939 to Dec 31, 1998, statistical survey included 56.

[Annual report of the Subotica Municipal and Eye Hospital for 1889].

Introduction: The paper is the translation of the report of the Head physician of the Municipal Hospital in Subotica for 1889. It shows the number of patients, the number of checkups, the number of outpatients and inpatients, distribution by sex, age, place of residence, the frequency of patients by months and groups of diseases, the average length of treatment, the number of cured, unsuccessfully treated and deceased patients, the most significant surgeries, the number of doctors employed and a detailed survey of groups of diseases.

Annual Report: From January 1, to December 31, 1889, 6.

[Allergic rhinitis as a possible etiologic cause eustachian tube dysfunction].

Introduction: Allergic diseases of the upper respiratory tract are becoming one of the leading factors in the etiology of Eustachian tube dysfunctions. Eustachian tube dysfunctions are one of the three most significant etiologic factors of secretory otitis.

Material And Methods: The most numerous group, aged 5-9 years, included 80% of subjects.

[The Stenger Test--its use and variations].

Introduction: Simulation, dissimulation and aggravation of partial hearing loss can refer to bilateral or unilateral hearing loss. Tests for detection can be divided into unilateral and bilateral.

Case Description: A patient aged 29, came for otolaryngological examination 13 days after hearing impairment and blast injury of the ear following detonation of an airplane-launched missile about 500 meters away.

[Evaluation of the level of hearing loss based on the results of tympanometry in children under 5 years of age with eustachian tube dysfunction].

Introduction: The paper describes the correlation between pathological tympanogram findings, and the degree and type of hearing loss. We have established a possibility of indirect evaluation of hearing loss based on tympanometric curve, in children aged five or less, with tympanometry established dysfunction of Eustachian tube. Statistical methods provided a degree of certainty based on which conclusions can be made on the degree of hearing loss.

[Clinical examination in open fractures of the frontal bone].

Introduction: Fractures of the frontal bone most often occur with injuries: in traffic accidents, at work, at home, falls on stairs or slippery surfaces, in sport accidents, hoof injuries, etc. They are mostly seen within combined injuries, much less often as isolated.

Methods And Results: There were no patients under the age of 20; two were in their thirties, three each in their forties and fifties, and one patient in his sixties.

[Frontal sinus osteoma as a cause of purulent meningitis].

Introduction: Osteomas are benign tumours located within bones or developing on them (1). The incidence of osteomas is as follows: frontal, ethmoid and maxillary, while they are extremely rare in the sphenoid sinus (2). Most often they are localized on sutures, and extremely rarely on occipital squama (3).

[Adult laryngeal hemangioma].

Case Description: A patient aged 31 was admitted to the Ward because of hoarseness and difficulties in breathing. Family case history was negative. Personal case history shows pneumonia and jaundice.

[History of the Otorhinolaryngology Service in Subotica].

This paper is an account of the history and development of otolaryngological medical service in Subotica from 1906 to 1996, with three distinctive periods: work on an outpatient basis, inpatient care within the Jewish hospital, and the separate Otolaryngology Ward. The paper presents accommodation capacities, localisation of the Otolaryngology Ward, professional work of the Service over the ninety-year period, and short biographies of doctors. The specialist otolaryngological service has existed in Subotica since June 1, 1906.

[Lymphoma of the parotid salivary gland].

Introduction: Lymphomas appear mostly in lymph nodes and parenchymal organs such as liver and spleen, while other localizations are less frequent. They are classified as Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin types, and these two are divided into subtypes, according to cell morphology and the characteristics of concurrent elements. Parotid salivary gland lymphomas are rare primary tumours of this region, although 80% of all salivary gland lymphomas, appear in parotid.

[Direct laryngomicroscopy from 1984 to 1993 at the Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases at the General Hospital in Subotica].

A retrospective analysis is presented of laryngomicroscopic examinations in the period 1984-1993. Examinations were performed on 577 patients of different age and of both sexes. In 449 patients histopathologic examination revealed pathologic changes of the tissue, whereas in 128 patients histopathologic analysis was not performed.

[Epidemiology of skin tumors of the face and neck (ORL region) treated surgically from 1981 to 1990].

This paper reviews basic epidemiologic characteristics of 1549 changes located on face, neck and lips and surgically treated at the ORL Department of the General hospital in Subotica during the period 1981-1990. We analyzed the following parameters: frequency of certain diseases, their distribution according to the studied period of time, sex and age distribution, place of living, interaction between malignant and benign tumors as well as eventual influence of some meteorologic factors in regard to the previous 10-year period. It has been established that malignant tumors, precancerous and benign tumors make up 70% of surgically treated patients.

[The effect of adenoidectomy on eustachian tube function].

301 adenoidectomised and tonsilloadenoidectomised children were tympanometrically tested. The control group consisted of 89 children in whom adenoidectomy was to be performed. Eustachian tube dysfunction was analyzed in both groups.

[Importance of the eustachian tube in middle ear function].

This paper reviews ventilation, drainage and protection as Eustachian tube functions which influence the middle ear. The most frequent etiologic factors which cause disorders of these functions and possible consequences on the middle ear are illustrated. The paper also reviews classification of the degree of Eustachian tube ventilation disorders, the most frequent causes of its dysfunction, as well as methods which are used for checking Eustachian tube ventilation.

[Personal experience in the treatment of chronic secretory otitis in children].

The authors review their experiences in the treatment of secretory otitis in children. They detected a significantly higher number of positive allergometric tests to standard groups of inhalation allergens than expected. The patients were divided into two groups; in the first group the allergometric test was negative, in the second positive.

[Personal experience with the occurrence of pediatric otitis of allergic etiology in the North Backa Region].

The authors report their own longtime experience with the incidence of pediatric otitis with allergic etiology. They conclude that pediatric otitis, especially the secretory type, is not always curable by the common conservative antibiotic therapy because in many cases the primary cause of the disease is not the infection but allergy. The infection in such cases is a secondary, accompanying complication.