Extract Potentiates the Sensitivity of Gastric Cancer Cells to Paclitaxel via the Induction of Autophagy and Apoptosis.

Background: Camellia nitidissima Chi (CNC) has been applied as a traditional folk medicine for the effective treatment of various diseases. However, there is little research regarding the mechanism of CNC on pharmaceutical function including anticancer effect.

Materials And Methods: JHC-4 is a n-butanol extract from CNC.

The antitumor activity screening of chemical constituents from Camellia nitidissima Chi.

Chemotherapy is the preferred and most common treatment for cancer in clinical practice. An increasing number of researchers all over the world are focusing on natural medicines to find new antitumor drugs, and several reports have shown that Camellia nitidissima (C. nitidissima) Chi could reduce blood-lipid, decrease blood pressure, resist oxidation, prevent carcinogenesis and inhibit tumors.

Lactate-activated macrophages induced aerobic glycolysis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer by regulation of CCL5-CCR5 axis: a positive metabolic feedback loop.

Aberrant energy metabolism is critical for cancer progression. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) can stimulate tumor angiogenesis and enhance cancer metastasis; however, the metabolic interaction between cancer cells and macrophages characterized by lactate shuttles remains unclear. Here, we showed that lactate activated human macrophages to a TAM-like phenotype and stimulated the secretion of CCL5 by activation of Notch signaling in macrophages.

PLOD2 regulated by transcription factor FOXA1 promotes metastasis in NSCLC.

In multiple types of tumors, fibrotic collagen is regarded as the 'highway' for cancer cell migration, which is mainly modified by lysyl hydroxylase 2 (PLOD2). The previous findings have demonstrated that the expression of PLOD2 was regulated by multiple factors, including HIF-1α, TGF-β and microRNA-26a/b. Although PLOD2 was confirmed to be related to poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma, the regulatory mechanism and function of PLOD2 in human lung adenocarcinoma is poorly understood.

DT-13 synergistically potentiates the sensitivity of gastric cancer cells to topotecan via cell cycle arrest in vitro and in vivo.

Natural medicine has multi-levels, multi-paths and multi-targets, and an increasing number of reports have confirmed that the combination of natural medicine with chemotherapy drugs exhibit a significant synergistic effect. It is necessary to find drug combination strategies to enhance efficacy and reduce toxicity, which can relieve the restrictions on the use of several chemotherapy drugs that have serious toxicity. Our previous reports showed that DT-13 inhibits cancer proliferation, invasion, migration, metastasis, and angiogenesis and induces autophagy.

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance-Based Metabolomics Approach to Evaluate the Prevention Effect of on Colitis-Associated Carcinogenesis.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, occurring in the colon or rectum portion of large intestine. With marked antioxidant, anti-inflammation and anti-tumor activities, has been used as an effective treatment of cancer. The azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS) induced CRC mice model was established and the prevention effect of extracts on the evolving of CRC was evaluated by examination of neoplastic lesions, histopathological inspection, serum biochemistry analysis, combined with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics and correlation network analysis.

DT-13 synergistically enhanced vinorelbine-mediated mitotic arrest through inhibition of FOXM1-BICD2 axis in non-small-cell lung cancer cells.

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most commonly diagnosed malignant disease with the leading cause of cancer-related death. Combination treatment remains the major strategy in the clinical therapy of NSCLC. Vinorelbine (NVB), a semi-synthetic vinca alkaloid, is used for advanced and metastatic NSCLC by destabilizing microtubule formation to induce mitotic arrest and cell death.

Inhibition of EGFR Signaling by N-cyclohexyl-2-(1-(phenylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-yl) acetamide.

Background: The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a driver oncogene and specific blockade of EGFR has been shown to be an effective therapeutic approach against multiple human cancers.

Aims: Here we employed the homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence (HTRF) technology to screen new EGFR mediators.

Method: 4 hits (NDS-41107, NDS-41119, NDS-41111 and NDS-41126) were confirmed in a compound library of 8000 compounds, and the IC50 values were determined to be 15.

DT-13, a saponin monomer 13 of the Dwarf lilyturf tuber, synergized with vinorelbine to induce mitotic arrest via activation of ERK signaling pathway in NCI-H1299 cells.

Vinorelbine (NVB) is a semi-synthetic vinca alkaloid that is approved for the clinical therapy of lung cancer. However, the clinical application of NVB was limited because of the acquisition of resistance and inacceptable toxicity. Therefore, it is of great interest to develop low-cytotoxic drugs that can synergize with NVB.

IDH mutations associated impact on related cancer epidemiology and subsequent effect toward HIF-1α.

Particular mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase gene (IDH) were discovered in several gliomas citing astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, and glioblastoma multiform, but also in leukemia; these mutations were discovered in nearly all cases of secondary glioblastomas, they evolve from lower-grade gliomas, but are limited in primary high-grade glioblastoma multiform. These mutations distinctively produce (D)-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2-HG) from alpha-ketoglutarate (α-KG). (D)-2-hydroxyglutarate is accumulated to very high concentrations which inhibit the function of enzymes that are dependent on alpha-ketoglutarate.

Synergistic combination of YS-1 and adriamycin inhibits human renal cancer through ERK1/2 signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo.

Adriamycin (ADM) is a principal drug for the treatment of renal cell cancer (RCC). Due to its limited response and high renal and cardiac toxicity, synergistic effects of ADM in combination with other drugs have been widely researched. In this study, we found the combination between YS-1 and ADM, performed higher anticancer activity on 786-O human RCC cells in vitro and in vivo, than that reported on its anti-angiogenesis effect compared with monotherapy of ADM.

MHP-1 inhibits cancer metastasis and restores topotecan sensitivity via regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition and TGF-β signaling in human breast cancer cells.

Background: Cordyceps has long been used to treat cancer. However, its pharmacologically active components as well as the molecular mechanisms underlying its effects are still unclear.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of MHP-1, a newly isolated polysaccharide from Mortierella hepialid (the asexual structure of C.

DT-13 attenuates human lung cancer metastasis via regulating NMIIA activity under hypoxia condition.

Cancer metastasis plays a major role in tumor deterioration. Metastatic processes are known to be regulated by hypoxic microenvironment and non-muscle myosin IIA (NMIIA). DT-13, a bioactive saponin monomer isolated from Ophiopogon japonicus, has been reported to inhibit various cancer metastasis, but whether NMIIA is involved in the anti-metastatic activity of DT-13 under hypoxia remains to be determined.

DT-13 inhibits cancer cell migration by regulating NMIIA indirectly in the tumor microenvironment.

Tumor metastasis is one of the main causes of mortality among patients with malignant tumors. Previous studies concerning tumor metastasis have merely focused on the cancer cells in the tumor. However, an increasing number of studies show that the tumor microenvironment plays a vital role in the progression of cancer, particularly in tumor metastasis.

Synergistic combination of DT-13 and topotecan inhibits human gastric cancer via myosin IIA-induced endocytosis of EGF receptor in vitro and in vivo.

Combination therapy has a higher success rate for many cancers compared to mono-therapy. The treatment of Topotecan (TPT) on gastric cancer (GC) is limited by its toxicity and the potential drug resistance. We found that the combination of the saponin monomer 13 from the dwarf lilyturf tuber (DT-13), performing anti-metastasis and anti-angiogenesis effects, with TPT synergistically induced apoptotic cytotoxicity in GCs with high EGF receptor (EGFR) expression, which was dependent on DT-13-induced endocytosis of EGFR.

DT-13, a saponin monomer of dwarf lilyturf tuber, induces autophagy and potentiates anti-cancer effect of nutrient deprivation.

Metabolic stress induces autophagy as a protective mechanism in tumorigenesis and development. Conversely, excessive autophagy in nutrient-deprived cancer cells would be beneficial for cancer therapy. DT-13, the saponin monomer 13 of the Dwarf lilyturf tuber, inhibited tumor metastasis and angiogenesis in previous studies.

Marsdenia tenacissima extract suppresses A549 cell migration through regulation of CCR5-CCL5 axis, Rho C, and phosphorylated FAK.

Marsdenia tenacissima, a traditional Chinese medicine, is long been used to treat various diseases including asthma, cancer, trachitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, cystitis, and pneumonia. Although Marsdenia tenacissima has been demonstrated to have strong anti-tumor effects against primary tumors, its effect on cancer metastasis remains to be defined, and the molecular mechanism underlying the anti-metastatic effect is unknown. In the present study, we investigated the effects of XAP (an extract of Marsdenia tenacissima) on A549 lung cancer cell migration and explored the role of CCR5-CCL5 axis in the anti-metastatic effects of XAP.

[Effects and mechanisms of Xiao-Ai-Ping injection on angiogenesis].

This study was designed to investigate the effect of Xiao-Ai-Ping injection on cancer angiogenesis. CCK8 assay and Brd U incorporation immunofluorescence assay were used to detect the effect of Xiao-Ai-Ping injection on HUVECs proliferation; wound healing assay and transwell assay were employed to test the effect of Xiao-Ai-Ping injection on HUVECs migration. The anti-angiogenic effect of Xiao-Ai-Ping injection was examined by tube formation assay, rat aortic ring assay and chicken chorioallantoic membrane(CAM) assay.

CXCL16 induces angiogenesis in autocrine signaling pathway involving hypoxia-inducible factor 1α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 16 (CXCL16) is a new angiogenic factor inducing angiogenesis via extracellular signal-regulated kinases pathway. To further understand the molecular mechanism underlying CXCL16‑induced angiogenesis, we explored involvement of other relevant pathways in CXCL16-induced angiogenesis. In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying CXCL16-induced angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).

The extract, LXB-1, from the barks of Liriodendron × hybrid, induced apoptosis via Akt, JNK and ERK1/2 pathways in A549 lung cancer cells.

The effect of LXB-1, an extract from Liriodendron × hybrid, was determined on A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. Growth inhibition of LXB-1 was analyzed by MTT assay. Cancer cell cycle was measured by flow cytometry.

Marsdenia tenacissima extract induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in human esophageal carcinoma cells by inhibiting mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway.

Marsdenia tenacissima extract (MTE, trade name: Xiao-Ai-Ping injection) is an extract of a single Chinese plant medicine. It has been used for the treatment of cancer in China for decades, especially for esophageal cancer and other cancers in the digestive tract. In the present study, the potential mechanism for MTE's activity in esophageal cancer was explored.

(+)- and (-)-liriodenol, a pair of novel enantiomeric lignans from Liriodendron hybrid.

(+)- and (-)-liriodenol, a pair of unprecedented enantiomeric lignans bearing a 1,1-disubstituted olefinic group, were isolated from the barks of Liriodendron hybrid. The structure and relative configurations were determined by comprehensive analysis of MS and NMR spectroscopy. The cytotoxicity of these three lignans ((±)-, (+)-, and (-)-liriodenol) was evaluated in vitro against four selected human tumor cell lines, where (+)-liriodenol showed more significant cytotoxic effects than the (±)- and (-)-liriodenol enantiomers.

The saponin DT-13 inhibits gastric cancer cell migration through down-regulation of CCR5-CCL5 axis.

Aim: To investigate the effect of DT-13 on gastric cancer cell migration, and to explore the possible mechanisms underlying the anti-metastasis activity of DT-13.

Methods: Growth inhibition of DT-13 was analyzed by the MTT assay. Cell migration was measured by the scratch-wound assay and transwell double chamber assay.

DT-13, a saponin of dwarf lilyturf tuber, exhibits anti-cancer activity by down-regulating C-C chemokine receptor type 5 and vascular endothelial growth factor in MDA-MB-435 cells.

Aim: To investigate the anticancer activity of DT-13 under normoxia and determine the underlying mechanisms of action.

Methods: MDA-MB-435 cell proliferation, migration, and adhesion were performed to assess the anticancer activity of DT-13, a saponin from Ophiopogon japonicus, in vitro. In addition, the effects of DT-13 on tumor growth and metastasis in vivo were evaluated by orthotopic implantation of MDA-MB-435 cells into nude mice; mRNA levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) were evaluated by real-time quantitative PCR; and CCR5 protein levels were detected by Western blot assay.

Potent anti-angiogenic activity of B19--a mono-carbonyl analogue of curcumin.

Aim: The compound B19 (C21H22O5) is a newly synthesized, mono-carbonyl analog of curcumin that has exhibited potential antitumor effects. This present study was performed to identify the anti-angiogenic activity of this compound.

Methods And Results: B19 inhibited migration and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and arrested microvessel outgrowth from rat aortic rings.