In-hospital outcomes of healthcare-associated COVID-19 (Omicron) versus healthcare-associated influenza: a retrospective, nationwide cohort study in Switzerland.

Background: As COVID-19 is integrated into existing infectious disease control programs, it is important to understand the comparative clinical impact of COVID-19 and other respiratory diseases.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with symptomatic healthcare-associated COVID-19 or influenza reported to the nationwide, hospital-based surveillance system in Switzerland. Included patients were adults (≥18 years) hospitalized for ≥3 days in tertiary care and large regional hospitals.

Successful control of an environmental reservoir of NDM-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae associated with nosocomial transmissions in a low-incidence setting.

Background: The hospital wastewater system has been reported as a source of nosocomial acquisition of carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) in various settings. Cleaning and disinfection protocols or replacement of contaminated equipment often fail to eradicate these environmental reservoirs, which can lead to long-term transmission of CPE. We report a successful multimodal approach to control a New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase positive Klebsiella pneumoniae (NDM-KP) nosocomial outbreak implicating contamination of sink traps in a low-incidence setting.

Duration of antimicrobial treatment for uncomplicated streptococcal bacteraemia: Another example of shorter is better.

Objectives: Duration of treatment for uncomplicated streptococcal bacteraemia is unknown. The study aims to assess clinical outcomes of patients with uncomplicated streptococcal bacteraemia receiving a short course (5-10 days) of antimicrobial treatment compared to those receiving the traditional, longer duration (11-18 days).

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at the Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland and included episodes of uncomplicated streptococcal bacteraemia among adult patients from 2015 to 2023.

Integrative Review of Opioid Use and Protocol Adherence in Hospitals After Implementing Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Protocols for Cesarean Birth.

Objective: To evaluate the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols used and amount of opioids administered during hospitalization for cesarean birth after the ERAS protocols were implemented.

Data Sources: A search was conducted in CINAHL Complete, Scopus, and PubMed for sources published in English between January 2018 and December 2023. Search terms were cesarean AND opioid∗ AND eras OR erac OR enhanced recovery.

Predictors of mortality of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteraemia and the role of infectious diseases consultation and source control; a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: To determine predictors of mortality among patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteraemia.

Methods: Retrospective study.

Setting: This study conducted at the Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland included adult patients with P.

Evaluation of the HANDOC Score and the 2023 International Society of Cardiovascular Infectious Diseases and European Society of Cardiology Duke Clinical Criteria for the Diagnosis of Infective Endocarditis Among Patients With Streptococcal Bacteremia.

Background: Streptococci are a common cause of infective endocarditis (IE). We aimed to evaluate the performance of the HANDOC score to identify patients at high risk for IE and the Duke clinical criteria of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC; 2015 and 2023 versions) and the 2023 version from the International Society of Cardiovascular Infectious Diseases (ISCVID) in diagnosing IE among patients with streptococcal bacteremia.

Methods: This retrospective study included adult patients with streptococcal bacteremia hospitalized at Lausanne University Hospital.

Open Resources for Biology Education (ORBE): a resource collection.

In undergraduate life sciences education, open educational resources (OERs) increase accessibility and retention for students, reduce costs, and save instructors time and effort. Despite increasing awareness and utilization of these resources, OERs are not centrally located, and many undergraduate instructors describe challenges in locating relevant materials for use in their classes. To address this challenge, we have designed a resource collection (referred to as Open Resources for Biology Education, ORBE) with 89 unique resources that are primarily relevant to undergraduate life sciences education.

[Combating antimicrobial resistance: audits of practices to target actions].

Antibiotic resistance is a public health emergency requiring a concerted approach and motivating the implementation of antibiotic stewardship programmes. As part of an institutional project at the Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, we collected data on the appropriateness of antimicrobial prescriptions in various medical and surgical departments in order to identify areas for improvement. The results show that there is room for improvement and that there are differences between departments, particularly regarding surgical prophylaxis administered beyond the operating time, adaptation of the spectrum and duration.

Investigations of an increased incidence of non-Aspergillus invasive mould infections in an onco-haematology unit.

Aims Of The Study: Invasive mould infections are life-threatening complications in patients with haematologic cancer and chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. While invasive aspergillosis represents the main cause of invasive mould infections, non-Aspergillus mould infections, such as mucormycosis, are increasingly reported. Consequently, their local epidemiology should be closely monitored.

Predictors of Mortality of Streptococcal Bacteremia and the Role of Infectious Diseases Consultation: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Streptococcal bacteremia is associated with high mortality. Thia study aims to identify predictors of mortality among patients with streptococcal bacteremia.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at the Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland, and included episodes of streptococcal bacteremia among adult patients from 2015 to 2023.

Role of source control in critically ill candidemic patients: a multicenter retrospective study.

Purpose: Candidemia is associated with high mortality especially in critically ill patients. Our aim was to identify predictors of mortality among critically ill patients with candidemia with a focus on early interventions that can improve prognosis.

Methods: Multicenter retrospective study.

Oviduct and endometrial epithelium improve in vitro produced bovine embryo developmental kinetics.

In Brief: Standard in vitro produced (IVP) bovine embryo culture media limit embryonic development. Culturing IVP bovine embryos in standard IVP bovine embryo culture media conditioned with oviduct and/or endometrial cells improves blastocyst formation and reduces the time to formation.

Abstract: In vitro embryo production in cattle greatly impacts blastomere biochemistry, embryo rate of development and pre- and post-transfer survival.

Core genome multilocus sequence typing of Clostridioides difficile to investigate transmission in the hospital setting.

Purpose: Traditional epidemiological investigations of healthcare-associated Clostridioides difficile infection (HA-CDI) are often insufficient. This study aimed to evaluate a procedure that includes secondary isolation and genomic typing of single toxigenic colonies using core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) for the investigation of C. difficile transmission.

Association of antimicrobial perioperative prophylaxis with cefuroxime plus metronidazole or amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and surgical site infections in colorectal surgery.

Objective: To compare intravenous (IV) amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (A/CA) to IV cefuroxime plus metronidazole (C + M) for preventing surgical site infections (SSI) in colorectal surgery.

Background: Given their spectra that include most Enterobacterales and anaerobes, C + M is commonly recommended as prophylaxis of SSI in colorectal surgery. A/CA offers good coverage of Enterobacterales and anaerobes as well, but, in contrast to C + M, it also includes Enterococcus faecalis which is also isolated from patients with SSI and could trigger anastomotic leakage.

Randomized Trial to Assess the Clinical Utility of Renal Allograft Monitoring by Urine CXCL10 Chemokine.

Significance Statement: This study is the first randomized controlled trial to investigate the clinical utility of a noninvasive monitoring biomarker in renal transplantation. Although urine CXCL10 monitoring could not demonstrate a beneficial effect on 1-year outcomes, the study is a rich source for future design of trials aiming to explore the clinical utility of noninvasive biomarkers. In addition, the study supports the use of urine CXCL10 to assess the inflammatory status of the renal allograft.

Predictors of mortality of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia among patients hospitalized in a Swiss University Hospital and the role of early source control; a retrospective cohort study.

S. aureus bacteremia is associated with high mortality. The aim was to identify predictors of mortality among patients with S.

Clinical significance of concomitant bacteriuria in patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia.

This retrospective study, conducted at Lausanne University Hospital (2015-2021), compared Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SABA) patients with or without concomitant bacteriuria (SABU). Among 448 included bacteraemic patients, 62 (13.8%) had S.

Impact of selective reporting of antibiotic susceptibility testing results on meropenem prescriptions for the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections after 2020 EUCAST criteria update: an observational study in a university hospital.

Background: We previously reported an increase in meropenem prescriptions for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in our hospital after the implementation of the 10th version of the EUCAST breakpoints table for P. aeruginosa in January 2020. As a consequence, antibiotic susceptibility testing results were adapted by masking meropenem for P.

The LAUsanne ENdocarditis (LAUSTAPHEN) score: A prediction score to estimate initial risk for infective endocarditis in patients with bacteremia.

Introduction: Infective endocarditis (IE) is a common complication of bacteremia (SAB). The study aimed to develop and validate a prediction score to determine IE risk among SAB.

Methods: This retrospective study included adults with SAB (2015-2021) and divided them into derivation and validation cohorts.

Using Telehealth to Program Generalization of Caregiver Behavior.

Stokes and Baer, (2), 349-367 (1977) provided guidelines to assist practitioners with programming for the generalization of behavior change. Despite the suggestions provided in their seminal paper, generalization remains an often overlooked area within behavior analytic research and practice. In addition, few studies have described explicit strategies to program for the generalization of caregiver behaviors that are consistent with interventions to reduce child challenging behavior.

Is the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma a putative target for epilepsy treatment? Current evidence and future perspectives.

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), which belongs to the family of nuclear receptors, has been mainly studied as an important factor in metabolic disorders. However, in recent years the potential role of PPARγ in different neurological diseases has been increasingly investigated. Especially, in the search of therapeutic targets for patients with epilepsy the question of the involvement of PPARγ in seizure control has been raised.