The COVID-19 pandemic and older adults in prison: a brief report from a nominal group.

Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, concerns were raised regarding the vulnerability of prisoners to infection from the virus, leading to numerous changes to prison regimes and healthcare delivery. A nominal group was conducted exploring the experiences and views of prison staff involved in supporting older adult prisoners in England and Wales during times of COVID-19, including considering improvements in prison healthcare that can be applied beyond the pandemic. The group included seven participants with relevant knowledge and experience, comprising two consultants in public health, four heads of prison healthcare, and a prison governor.

Providing appropriate health and social care for people with dementia or mild cognitive impairment in the criminal justice system of England and Wales: a thematic analysis of prisoner and staff interview data.

Background: The number of older adults entering the criminal justice system is growing. Approximately 8% of older prisoners in England and Wales have suspected dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and experience difficulties in everyday functioning, and disruption to their daily life. At present, no specific dementia/MCI care pathway has been implemented that is applicable and appropriate for use across different prisons in England and Wales.

Understanding the scale and nature of avoidable healthcare-associated harm for prisoners in England: protocol for a retrospective cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Around 1 in 20 patients experience avoidable healthcare-associated harm worldwide. Despite longstanding concerns, there is insufficient information available about the safety of healthcare for prisoners. To address this, this study will investigate the scale and nature of avoidable healthcare-associated harm for prisoners in England.

The effect of elevating extracellular CaCl: Important considerations for tissue engineering applications.

Polysaccharides such as sodium alginate, pectin and gellan gum are widely used biomaterials, for their ability to easily form hydrogels in the presence of divalent metal ions, such as calcium - a process often cited as a mild crosslinking mechanism. However, when using these materials as substrates for tissue engineering, there is a lack of extensive studies that investigate the impact of elevated calcium concentrations on cell health and behaviour. In this study, we performed an in-depth exploration to understand the potential effects of raising extracellular CaCl on cell viability, proliferation, morphology and migration.

The mediating effect of digital literacy and self-regulation on the relationship between emotional intelligence and academic stress among university students: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Academic stress is a prevalent issue affecting students' well-being and academic achievement in today's challenging educational environment. Furthermore, combining digital literacy and self-regulation enhances emotional intelligence, creating a holistic "digitally regulated emotional intelligence" strategy to reduce academic stress effectively. This study emphasizes the significance of developing these abilities in educational settings to prepare students for success in a complex and technology-driven world.

Clinicians' use of the structured professional judgement approach for adult secure psychiatric service admission assessments: A systematic review.

The structured professional judgement (SPJ) approach was initially developed to support risk assessment and management decisions. The approach is now being adapted and applied to admission assessments for adult secure services. This systematic review aims to summarise the evidence for the effectiveness and acceptability of the SPJ approach in admission assessments of this kind.

An evolutionary case for plant rarity: as a model system.

Species rarity is a common phenomenon across global ecosystems that is becoming increasingly more common under climate change. Although species rarity is often considered to be a stochastic response to environmental and ecological constraints, we examined the hypothesis that plant rarity is a consequence of natural selection acting on performance traits that affect a species range size, habitat specificity, and population aggregation; three primary descriptors of rarity. Using a common garden of 25 species of Tasmanian , we find that the rarest species have 70% lower biomass than common species.

Aging impairs reactive attentional control but not proactive distractor inhibition.

Older adults tend to be more prone to distraction compared with young adults, and this age-related deficit has been attributed to a deficiency in inhibitory processing. However, recent findings challenge the notion that aging leads to global impairments in inhibition. To reconcile these mixed findings, we investigated how aging modulates multiple mechanisms of attentional control by tracking the timing and direction of eye movements.

Evolution of rarity and phylogeny determine above- and belowground biomass in plant-plant interactions.

Rare species are often considered inferior competitors due to occupancy of small ranges, specific habitats, and small local populations. However, the phylogenetic relatedness and rarity level (level 1-7 and common) of interacting species in plant-plant interactions are not often considered when predicting the response of rare plants in a biotic context. We used a common garden of 25 species of Tasmanian Eucalyptus, to differentiate non-additive patterns in the biomass of rare versus common species when grown in mixtures varying in phylogenetic relatedness and rarity.

Patient Preferences for Operative Versus Nonoperative Treatment of LC1 Pelvis Fracture: A Discrete Choice Experiment.

Objectives: To quantify how patients with lateral compression type 1 (LC1) pelvis fracture value attributes of operative versus nonoperative treatment.

Design: Discrete choice experiment.

Setting: Three US Level 1 trauma centers.

Interventions for the detection, monitoring, and management of chronic non-communicable diseases in the prison population: an international systematic review.

Background: High rates of health inequalities and chronic non-communicable diseases exist amongst the prison population. This places people in and/or released from prison at heightened risk of multimorbidity, premature mortality, and reduced quality of life. Ensuring appropriate healthcare for people in prison to improve their health outcomes is an important aspect of social justice.

Superconductivity from a melted insulator in Josephson junction arrays.

Arrays of Josephson junctions are governed by a competition between superconductivity and repulsive Coulomb interactions, and are expected to exhibit diverging low-temperature resistance when interactions exceed a critical level. Here we report a study of the transport and microwave response of Josephson arrays with interactions exceeding this level. Contrary to expectations, we observe that the array resistance drops dramatically as the temperature is decreased-reminiscent of superconducting behaviour-and then saturates at low temperature.

Agarose Fluid Gels Formed by Shear Processing During Gelation for Suspended 3D Bioprinting.

The use of granular matrices to support parts during the bioprinting process was first reported by Bhattacharjee et al. in 2015, and since then, several approaches have been developed for the preparation and use of supporting gel beds in 3D bioprinting. This paper describes a process to manufacture microgel suspensions using agarose (known as fluid gels), wherein particle formation is governed by the application of shear during gelation.

Symmetry-broken Josephson junctions and superconducting diodes in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene.

The coexistence of gate-tunable superconducting, magnetic and topological orders in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene provides opportunities for the creation of hybrid Josephson junctions. Here we report the fabrication of gate-defined symmetry-broken Josephson junctions in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene, where the weak link is gate-tuned close to the correlated insulator state with a moiré filling factor of υ = -2. We observe a phase-shifted and asymmetric Fraunhofer pattern with a pronounced magnetic hysteresis.

Erratum: Publisher's Note: "A suspended layer additive manufacturing approach to the bioprinting of tri-layered skin equivalents" [APL Bioeng. , 046103 (2021)].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1063/5.0061361.

Silos and rigid processes: Barriers to the successful implementation of the Older prisoner Health and Social Care Assessment and Plan.

Older adults are the fastest growing sub-group in prisons. They have complex health, social care and custodial needs and often the support they receive is sub-optimal. The Older prisoner Health and Social Care Assessment and Plan (OHSCAP) aimed to better meet these inter-related needs.

Conducting Randomized Controlled Trials of Complex Interventions in Prisons: A Sisyphean Task?

Randomized Controlled Trials (RCT) are the "gold standard" for measuring the effectiveness of an intervention. However, they have their limitations and are especially complex in prison settings. Several systematic reviews have highlighted some of the issues, including, institutional constraints e.

Detecting Induced p±ip Pairing at the Al-InAs Interface with a Quantum Microwave Circuit.

Superconductor-semiconductor hybrid devices are at the heart of several proposed approaches to quantum information processing, but their basic properties remain to be understood. We embed a two-dimensional Al-InAs hybrid system in a resonant microwave circuit, probing the breakdown of superconductivity due to an applied magnetic field. We find a fingerprint from the two-component nature of the hybrid system, and quantitatively compare with a theory that includes the contribution of intraband p±ip pairing in the InAs, as well as the emergence of Bogoliubov-Fermi surfaces due to magnetic field.

An Analysis of Risk Factors for a Fracture or Luxation in Recovery From General Anesthesia in Horses: A Single Centre Study.

Catastrophic fractures or luxations (FoL) sustained during recovery from general anesthesia are a significant cause of mortality during equine anesthesia. There is a lack of evidence regarding potential risk factors for a FoL occurring in the immediate anesthetic recovery period. A single center, retrospective, case-matched study was performed to identify risk factors for sustaining a catastrophic FoL during recovery from general anesthesia.

Complementary role of cardiac CT in the diagnosis and management of mechanical aortic valve thrombosis with a novel low-dose, ultraslow thrombolysis treatment strategy.

A 31-year-old man presented to our emergency department with a 3-day history of progressive breathlessness, fatigue and exertional angina. His history included a mechanical aortic valve replacement (mAVR) for rheumatic heart disease at age 19 years. He could no longer afford medication prescription costs and consequently had not taken oral anticoagulation for 2 months.

A suspended layer additive manufacturing approach to the bioprinting of tri-layered skin equivalents.

Skin exhibits a complex structure consisting of three predominant layers (epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis). Extensive trauma may result in the loss of these structures and poor repair, in the longer term, forming scarred tissue and associated reduction in function. Although a number of skin replacements exist, there have been no solutions that recapitulate the chemical, mechanical, and biological roles that exist within native skin.