On-the-spot spirometry & combined salbutamol & glycopyrronium reversibility testing in obstructive airway disease: A real-world appraisal.

Background & objectives Spirometric glycopyrronium responsiveness, a new advent, needs to be examined at in terms of degree and frequency in different obstructive-airway diseases diagnosed in real world practise. Methods Serial and willing symptomatic affected individuals of suspected airway disease underwent a pragmatic post-consultation spirometry-protocol on the same day with salbutamol followed by glycopyrronium bromide. The diagnosis of asthma (FEV1-reversibility ≥ 200 ml + 12%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (FEV1/FVC<0.

High altitude pulmonary oedema: Mimicker of acute coronary syndrome.

High altitude pulmonary oedema (HAPO) is a common emergency seen at high altitude. It can be associated with electrocardiogram (ECG) changes due to pulmonary arterial hypertension in the form of ST elevation and T wave inversion in the right precordial leads, which mimic acute coronary syndrome. These changes can lead to confusion in diagnosis and management.

Three Years of Stable Water Isotope Data of Daily Rain Samples Collected from Three Geomorphic Regions of India.

High-frequency precipitation (solid/liquid) isotope datasets are useful for identification of moisture sources and various dynamical and thermodynamical processes controlling precipitation formation. Here, we report three-year (2019-2021) daily rain isotope (both oxygen, δO hereafter, and hydrogen, δH, hereafter) datasets from three unique locations in India during the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM). The locations are- (1) Port Blair- an island situated in the Bay of Bengal (BoB); (2) Mahabaleshwar, located at the crest of the Western Ghats Mountain; and (3) Tezpur, in northeast India, situated close to a dense forest.

Regulation of pathway choice in DNA repair after double-strand breaks.

DNA damage signaling is a highly coordinated cellular process which is required for the removal of DNA lesions. Amongst the different types of DNA damage, double-strand breaks (DSBs) are the most harmful type of lesion that attenuates cellular proliferation. DSBs are repaired by two major pathways-homologous recombination (HR), and non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) and in some cases by microhomology-mediated end-joining (MMEJ).

Evolution of cooperation in multichannel games on multiplex networks.

Humans navigate diverse social relationships and concurrently interact across multiple social contexts. An individual's behavior in one context can influence behavior in other contexts. Different payoffs associated with interactions in the different domains have motivated recent studies of the evolution of cooperation through the analysis of multichannel games where each individual is simultaneously engaged in multiple repeated games.

The Michigan men's diabetes project: perspectives on a peer-led diabetes self-management and support intervention for Black men with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Black men are more likely to be diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared to non-Hispanic White men, especially those over 55 years of age. Although there is ample evidence around the efficacy of peer-led diabetes self-management and support (PLDSMS) programs in improving diabetes health outcomes, Black men living with T2D experience several barriers to meaningful participation in peer-led programs and program developers face barriers to implementation. This qualitative study aimed to identify perspectives from collaborators on barriers and facilitators that impact the implementation of a PLDSMS intervention for older Black men with T2D.

Site directed mutagenesis reveals functional importance of conserved amino acid residues within the N-terminal domain of Dpb2 in budding yeast.

In spite of being dispensable for catalysis, Dpb2, the second largest subunit of leading strand DNA polymerase (Polymerase ε) is essential for cell survival in budding yeast. Dpb2 physically connects polymerase epsilon with the replicative helicase (CMG,Cdc45-Mcm-GINS) by interacting with its Psf1 subunit. Dpb2-Psf1 interaction has been shown to be critical for incorporating polymerase ε into the replisome.

Multichromophoric Triad and g-CN Composite as Efficient Heterogeneous Photocatalyst for Oxidative Amidation of Aldehydes.

In this work, we have synthesized a multichromophoric light-harvesting antenna, namely, triad, consisting of naphthalene monoimide (NMI) and perylene monoimide (PMI) chromophores. Triad was adsorbed onto polymeric graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) to form triad/g-CN composite, utilized as a photocatalyst for oxidative amidation reaction. This composite photocatalyst demonstrated enhanced photocatalytic activity for the conversion of a variety of aldehydes to amides, leading up to 82 % product yield compared to only g-CN or only triad as photocatalysts.

Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Management of Cancer-Associated Ischemic Stroke.

Cancer and stroke are leading causes of global disability and mortality. With improvements in cancer-associated mortality and advancements in treatment of active malignancy, it is more common to encounter patients with ischemic stroke and active malignancy. Evidence suggests that cancer-associated ischemic stroke is a unique subtype of stroke; however, there is limited guidance when considering diagnostic workup, secondary prevention, rehabilitation, and future directions within this population.

A new approach to overcome cytotoxic effects of Cu by delivering dual therapeutic ions (Sr, Cu).

Introduction: The incorporation of trace elements such as strontium (Sr) and copper (Cu) in the composition of mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) is widely known to enhance its biological functionality for bone tissue regeneration METHODS: Two MBG powders with the composition 80SiO-11CaO-5PO-xCuO/SrO, one doped with 4 mol.% of CuO, the second with 4 mol.% of SrO were blended in the weight ratios of Cu-MBG: Sr-MBG; 100:0, 70: 30, 50: 50, 30: 70 and 0:100 aiming at minimizing Cu to minimize the cytotoxicity of Cu while preserving its antimicrobial activity.

Nucleo-cytoplasmic environment modulates spatiotemporal p53 phase separation.

Liquid-liquid phase separation of various transcription factors into biomolecular condensates plays an essential role in gene regulation. Here, using cellular models and in vitro studies, we show the spatiotemporal formation and material properties of p53 condensates that might dictate its function. In particular, p53 forms liquid-like condensates in the nucleus of cells, which can bind to DNA and perform transcriptional activity.

Subtyping strokes using blood-based protein biomarkers: A high-throughput proteomics and machine learning approach.

Background: Rapid diagnosis of stroke and its subtypes is critical in early stages. We aimed to discover and validate blood-based protein biomarkers to differentiate ischemic stroke (IS) from intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) using high-throughput proteomics.

Methods: We collected serum samples within 24 h from acute stroke (IS & ICH) and mimics patients.

Racial and ethnic disparities in alcohol-associated liver disease hospitalizations in Brazil before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction And Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a greater incidence of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) and simultaneously magnified health-related inequalities. We evaluated the impact of race and ethnicity on ALD-related hospitalizations in Brazil.

Materials And Methods: An interrupted time series analysis was used to estimate ALD-related hospitalization in public hospitals in Brazil.

Clinicomycological Profile of Dermatophytosis in Tripura - An Institution Based Cross Sectional Study.

Background: In a small state like Tripura, a surge in prevalence of superficial dermatophytosis has been observed from April to September among the population of both tribal and non-tribal groups having different lifestyle, different food habit, and different socioeconomic status. Studies from different region reveal varying pattern of etiological distribution of the disease. But till date no research study has been initiated in Tripura on clinicomycological profile of dermatophytosis.

Is Preserving Submandibular Gland in Early Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Oncologically Safe?

The aim of the study was to assess the involvement of submandibular gland in oral cancer patients undergoing neck dissection. This study reviewed the records and pathologic specimens of patients who were clinically and histopathologically diagnosed as having oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma, from the year 2018 to 2023. A total of 332 patients were included.

Treatment optimisation for blood pressure with single-pill combinations in India (TOPSPIN) - Protocol design and baseline characteristics.

Background: The burden of over 300 million individuals living with hypertension in India is increasing steadily. Most current guidelines recommend initial combination therapy for effective blood pressure (BP) control. However, there is no randomised evidence to inform which combinations to use in the South Asian population, who account for over one-quarter of the world's population.

Biological and prognostic relevance of epigenetic regulatory genes in high-grade gliomas.

Background: High-grade gliomas (HGGs) are the most aggressive type of gliomas and have the poorest outcomes. Chromatin remodeling (CR) genes have been implicated in multiple oncogenic pathways in numerous cancer types. In gliomagenesis, CR genes have been implicated in regulating the stemness of glioma cells, the tumor microenvironment (TME), and resistance to therapies.

Association between tumor location and toxicity outcomes after stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastases.

Purpose: Toxicities associated with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) are important when considering treatment and supportive management for patients with brain metastases. We herein assessed the association between brain metastasis location and risk of toxicity after SRS.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective institutional review of patients treated with SRS for brain metastases between 2008 and 2023.