Determining optimal cuff volume for cuffed endotracheal tubes commonly used in pediatric patients: A prospective observational study.

Objectives: To determine an optimal cuff inflation volume to achieve safe cuff pressure (20-25 cmH2O) in cuffed endotracheal tubes (ETTs) with an inner diameter of 4.5, 5.0, and 5.

The relationship between gastric ultrasound findings and endoscopically aspirated volume in infants and determining the antral cutoff value for empty stomach diagnosis.

Background/aims: Pulmonary aspiration of gastric content is a serious perioperative complication. The objective of this prospective study was to assess the relationship between the gastric volumes suctioned endoscopically and quantitative (antral cross-section area) and qualitative (empty vs. nonempty) examination of the gastric antrum.

Procedural sedation for paediatric patients with spinal muscular atrophy undergoing intrathecal treatment.

Aims: Nusinersen is administered intrathecally for treating spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Procedural sedation is common with intrathecal treatment in children. The purpose of this study is to emphasize that intrathecal treatment of paediatric patients with SMA I, II and III can be tolerated with procedural sedation instead of general anaesthesia.

Evaluation of the relationship between airway measurements with ultrasonography and laryngoscopy in newborns and infants.

Background: A difficult laryngoscopy in young children can be a stressful situation for the pediatric anesthetist. In recent years, several measurements have been used to obtain difficult laryngoscopy markers in children. However, there is no prospective study in which ultrasonography is expected to be used for this purpose, particularly in the newborn and infant age groups.

Brain Death and Organ Donation in Paediatric Intensive Care Unit.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to retrospectively analyse the brain death (BD) cases that were specified within the last 8 years in the paediatric intensive care unit of our hospital.

Methods: Archive files and computer records of 23 paediatric cases were analysed. Data on age, gender, conditions that caused BD, paediatric risk of mortality (PRISM III) scores, time between suspicion of BD and issuing of BD report, confirmatory tests used, complications that occurred following the diagnosis of BD and time to cardiac arrest development after diagnosis of BD were recorded.

Evaluation of the effects of sedation administered via three different routes on the procedure, child and parent satisfaction during cystometry.

Purpose: In this study, we retrospectively investigated case reports with and without midazolam administration via oral, intranasal and rectal before cystometry procedure. We aimed to compare the data to evaluate the effects of sedation before cystometry on the pediatric patients and parents' satisfaction.

Methods: A total of 124 ASA I-II pediatric cases aged 5-14 years were retrospectively investigated from the hospital records.

Acupuncture as an Antiemetic in Children who Underwent Adenoidectomy and/or Tonsillectomy.

Objective: Postoperative vomiting (POV) is one of the most common problems following general anaesthesia, and many factors, either solely or in combination, may play a role in aetiology. Acupuncture is a technique that the World Health Organization has accepted as a complementary treatment. This study presents our experience with acupuncture for POV treatment in a study of paediatric tonsillectomy cases.

Management of stone disease in infants.

Evaluating and treating renal stone disease in infants are technically challenging. In this study, we evaluated the surgical treatment of renal stones in children under 1 year of age. We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients under 1 year old who were treated with ESWL, endourological or open surgical procedures for renal stone disease between January, 2009 and December, 2012.

Ureteroscopy for treatment of ureteral stones in children: factors influencing the outcome.

Objective: To evaluate the factors that affect the success and complication rate of ureteroscopy for ureteral stone treatment in children.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of children who were treated for ureteral stones at our institution from 2009 to 2011. The demographic data, stone size, stone location, number of stones, intraoperative complications, stone-free status, postoperative complications, and conversion to an open procedure were recorded.

When to add supplemental rectal paracetamol for postoperative analgesia with caudal bupivacaine in children? A prospective, double-blind, randomized study.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate whether a supplemental dose of rectal paracetamol at the third or fourth hour would enhance the quality of analgesia provided by caudal epidural blockade in children.

Methods: Two hundred and two ASA I patients aged 1-12 years undergoing inguinal surgery were randomized into three groups in the postanesthesia care unit by drawing lots. Patients in the control group did not receive any analgesic until they had a pain score of 5 or higher, patients in the group P3 received rectal paracetamol (20-25 mg x kg(-1)) at the third hour, and patients in the group P4 received the same dose of rectal paracetamol at the fourth hour after caudal epidural injection.