Risk factors affecting visual outcomes following dropped nucleus after cataract surgery.

Background/ Aims: To describe the visual outcomes in eyes with dropped nucleus during phacoemulsification surgery.

Setting: Singapore National Eye Centre (SNEC).

Design: Retrospective chart review of prospectively reported cases of dropped nucleus.

Management of the subluxated crystalline lens: A review.

Cataract surgery for the subluxated crystalline lens is challenging. A thorough preoperative evaluation is important to determine the appropriate surgical approach for lens removal and the subsequent technique of intraocular lens placement. Important considerations include the extent and location of zonular weakness, and whether the zonular deficiency is caused by a static or progressive disease.

Endothelial keratoplasty with anterior chamber intraocular lens versus secondary posterior chamber intraocular lens.

Aim: To describe the long-term outcomes of Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) with an anterior chamber intraocular lens (ACIOL) compared to secondary posterior chamber (PC) IOL.

Methods: This was a retrospective comparative cohort study. The clinical data of 82 eyes from 82 consecutive patients with pseudophakic (PBK) or aphakic bullous keratopathy (ABK) who either underwent DSAEK with retained or secondary ACIOL (n=23) or DSAEK with IOL exchange and/or secondary PCIOL (retropupillary iris-claw IOL, n=25; intrascleral-fixated IOL, n=29; or sulcus IOL, n=5) were analysed.

Comparison of anterior capsulotomy techniques: continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis, femtosecond laser-assisted capsulotomy and selective laser capsulotomy.

Purpose: To compare the anterior capsulotomy edge tear strength created by manual continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (CCC), femtosecond laser-assisted capsulotomy (FLACS), and selective laser capsulotomy (SLC).

Setting: Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore and Excel-Lens, Livermore, California, USA.

Design: Three armed study in paired human eyes.

Parameters affecting anterior capsulotomy tear strength and distension.

Purpose: To study the effects of anterior capsulotomy diameter and discontinuity on tear threshold load and distension for the technique of continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (CCC).

Setting: Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, and CapsuLaser Inc., Livermore, California, USA.

Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery for the white cataract.

Aim: To report the capsulotomy and lens fragmentation outcomes of white cataracts managed with the femtosecond laser (FL).

Methods: Outcomes of a prospective, observational consecutive case series of white cataracts (June 2012-November 2016) that underwent FL-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) (Victus, Bausch+Lomb, Munich, Germany) at the Singapore National Eye Centre were audited. patient demographics, type of white cataract, levelness of docking, anterior capsule position following laser, completeness of capsulotomy and fragmentation, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at 1 month, intraoperative complications.

Decision-making and management of uveitic cataract.

The visual outcome of uveitic cataract surgery depends on the underlying uveitic diagnosis, the presence of vision-limiting pathology and perioperative optimization of disease control. A comprehensive preoperative ophthalmic assessment for the presence of concomitant ocular pathology, with particular emphasis on macula and optic nerve involvement, is essential to determine which patients will benefit from improved vision after cataract surgery. Meticulous examination in conjunction with adjunct investigations can help in preoperative surgical planning and in determining the need for combined or staged procedures.

Clinical outcomes in the first two years of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery.

Purpose: To analyze outcomes of femtosecond laser cataract surgery cases in the first 2 years in an ophthalmic institution.

Design: Nonrandomized treatment comparison with matched, historical controls.

Methods: Outcomes and intraoperative events of all laser cataract surgeries (5.

A 5-year audit of cataract surgery outcomes after posterior capsule rupture and risk factors affecting visual acuity.

Purpose: To describe the posterior capsule rupture rates and visual outcomes after phacoemulsification, analyze risk factors for poor vision, and compare results of faculty (F) and residents (R).

Design: Retrospective audit study.

Methods: Visual success of all capsule ruptures (2006-2010) was analyzed and compared to uneventful cases.

Cytomegalovirus-positive corneal stromal edema with keratic precipitates after penetrating keratoplasty: a case-control study.

Purpose: To identify differences between cytomegalovirus (CMV)-positive and CMV-negative eyes presenting as suspected endothelial graft rejection after penetrating keratoplasty (PK).

Methods: A retrospective consecutive case-control series. Aqueous humor samples of all eyes with corneal stromal edema and keratic precipitates (KPs) after PK, seen at the Singapore National Eye Centre from 2007 to 2010, were analyzed for CMV DNA by polymerase chain reaction.

Imaging late capsular bag distension syndrome: an anterior segment optical coherence tomography study.

Background: Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT) was used to categorize and provide insights into the etiology of capsular bag distension syndrome (CBDS).

Methods: A prospective review was undertaken of 10 cases who presented with signs of late CBDS 5-11 years after uneventful phacoemulsification with in-the-bag posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation.

Results: All 10 patients presented with a milky collection within the distended capsular bag without raised intraocular pressure or a shallow anterior chamber.

Steroid-induced ocular hypertension in Asian children with severe vernal keratoconjunctivitis.

Background: We describe clinical characteristics and risk factors for corticosteroid response in children with severe vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC).

Design: Retrospective, noncontrolled, comparative case series.

Participants: Patients from three tertiary centers in Singapore.

Descemet membrane detachment after phacoemulsification surgery: risk factors and success of air bubble tamponade.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of air bubble (AB) tamponade for Descemet membrane detachment (DMD) after clear corneal incision phacoemulsification surgery and to evaluate the risk factors for DMD.

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of patients with DMD managed with AB tamponade, within 42 postoperative days (PODs), over a 4-year period. Data collected were as follows: demographics, cataract density (Lens Opacities Classification System III), visual acuity, AB technique, clinical outcome, and total surgeries over the time period.

S100A expression in normal corneal-limbal epithelial cells and ocular surface squamous cell carcinoma tissue.

Purpose: To study the expression and cellular distribution of multiple S100A genes and proteins in normal corneal-limbal epithelium and ocular surface squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) tissue.

Methods: Normal corneal-limbal tissue was obtained from the Lions Eye Bank, Tampa, FL. Ocular surface SCC tissues were excised from patients undergoing surgery at Singapore National Eye Centre.

Anterior segment optical coherence tomography evaluation of the integrity of clear corneal incisions: a comparison between 2.2-mm and 2.65-mm main incisions.

Purpose: To compare wound characteristics and integrity of the 2.2-mm and 2.65-mm clear corneal incisions.

Emerging prevalence of microsporidial keratitis in Singapore: epidemiology, clinical features, and management.

Objective: To investigate the incidence and epidemiologic factors involved in the development of microsporidial keratitis. The association of host immune status and clinical pattern, clinical features, and the role of fluoroquinolone monotherapy in treatment are also examined.

Design: Retrospective, noncomparative case series.

Infectious keratitis after laser epithelial keratomileusis.

Purpose: To report two cases of infectious keratitis occurring after laser epithelial keratomileusis (LASEK).

Methods: Two patients who underwent LASEK were referred to our center for the management of postoperative infectious keratitis. Infection occurred on postoperative days 2 (case 1) and 5 (case 2).

Therapeutic keratoplasty for advanced suppurative keratitis.

Purpose: To determine indications, therapeutic success, and corneal transplantation techniques for advanced medically uncontrolled infectious keratitis.

Design: Retrospective, interventional case series.

Methods: A review of 92 consecutive patients (1991 to 2002) who underwent therapeutic keratoplasty for acute infectious keratitis performed at Singapore National Eye Centre.

Pharmacokinetic and toxicity study of an intraocular cyclosporine DDS in the anterior segment of rabbit eyes.

Purpose: To establish the safety and pharmacokinetic efficacy of an Oculex Drug Delivery System (DDS; Oculex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA) containing cyclosporin A (CsA) in the anterior segment of the rabbit eye.

Methods: The Oculex DDS is an intraocular, sustained-release, drug delivery system comprising a biodegradable lactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer.

Amniotic membrane transplantation with conjunctival limbal autograft for total limbal stem cell deficiency.

Purpose: To evaluate the outcomes of corneal surface reconstruction with conjunctival limbal autograft when combined with amniotic membrane transplantation on both the donor and recipient eyes.

Design: Retrospective, noncomparative, interventional small case series.

Participants: Five eyes of five patients with total limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) resulting from pseudopemphigoid (n = 1), chemical burns (n = 3), and extensive removal of conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia (n = 1) were operated on by one surgeon (SCGT).

Tectonic corneal lamellar grafting for severe scleral melting after pterygium surgery.

Purpose: To describe the technique and review the indications and success of tectonic corneal lamellar grafting for the management of severe scleral melts after pterygium surgery.

Design: Retrospective, noncomparative, interventional case series.

Participants: Twenty cases of severe scleral necrosis after pterygium surgery (1993-1999).

Phenotypic study of a case receiving a keratolimbal allograft and amniotic membrane for total limbal stem cell deficiency.

Purpose: To report the expression pattern of key molecules by the reconstructed corneal epithelium after a keratolimbal allograft (KLAL) and amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) for total limbal stem cell deficiency.

Design: Interventional case report.

Method: A 50-year-old woman with severe chemical burns in both eyes received an AMT as a temporary patch at the acute stage, and a KLAL with AMT as a graft at the chronic stage for total limbal stem cell deficiency.