Sports and performing arts medicine: 6. Tendinopathy.

This self-directed learning module highlights tendinopathy associated with sports and performing arts. It is part of the study guide on sports and performing arts medicine in the Self-Directed Physiatric Education Program for practitioners and trainees in physical medicine and rehabilitation. Using a case vignette format, this article specifically focuses on the etiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic imaging, and management recommendations for tendinopathy.

Sports and performing arts medicine: 5. Special populations.

This self-directed learning module highlights common conditions associated with specific populations. It is part of the study guide on sports and performing arts medicine in the Self-Directed Physiatric Education Program for practitioners and trainees in physical medicine and rehabilitation. Using a case vignette format, this article specifically focuses on the osteoarthritis and cardiac safety in the senior athlete, hip problems in the pediatric athlete, classification of athletes with disabilities, and the female triad and exercise during pregnancy in female athletes.

Sports and performing arts medicine: 4. Events coverage.

This self-directed learning module highlights medical coverage of sports events and artistic performances. It is part of the study guide on sports and performing arts medicine in the Self-Directed Physiatric Education Program for practitioners and trainees in physical medicine and rehabilitation. Using a case vignette format, this article specifically focuses on performance anxiety, exercise-associated collapse, exercise-induced asthma, transient quadriparesis, stingers/burners and anterior glenohumeral joint dislocations.

Sports and performing arts medicine: 3. Spine and neurologic injuries.

This self-directed learning module highlights select spine and neurological injuries in athletes and performing arts injuries. It is part of the study guide on sports and performing arts medicine in the Self-Directed Physiatric Education Program for practitioners and trainees in physical medicine and rehabilitation. Using a case vignette format, this article specifically focuses on sports-induced concussion, stingers and transient myelopathy, and buttock pain in athletes, and hand dystonia and hand numbness in musicians.

Sports and performing arts medicine: 2. Lower extremity injuries.

This self-directed learning module highlights lower limb sports and performing arts injuries. It is part of the study guide on sports and performing arts medicine in the Self-Directed Physiatric Education Program for practitioners and trainees in physical medicine and rehabilitation. Using a case vignette format, this article specifically focuses on hip, knee and ankle pain in athletes and performing artists.

Sports and performing arts medicine: 1. Upper extremity injuries.

This self-directed learning module highlights upper limb sports and performing arts injuries. It is part of the study guide on sports and performing arts medicine in the Self-Directed Physiatric Education Program for practitioners and trainees in physical medicine and rehabilitation. Using a case vignette format, this article specifically focuses on shoulder, elbow and finger pain in athletes and wrist pain in musicians.

Assessing the instrumentalist interface: modifications, ergonomics and maintenance of play.

Awareness of the tasks required to play a particular instrument requires observation of technique and understanding of the dynamic and static loads placed on the musculoskeletal system to play a particular instrument. Anatomic differences, variation in hand size, gender, instrument choice, and maintainance of the instrument all may play a role in the development of playing-related complaints. Simply observing particular instruments, we can see a variety of positions that are required to play the instrument.

Prevention and management of complications resulting from common spinal injections.

When spinal injections are performed, a needle is placed in or around the spine making the risk of complications unavoidable. Spinal structures or adjacent organs are at risk for direct needle trauma, infection, hematoma, hemorrhage, nerve damage, stroke, allergic reaction, or spinal anesthesia with cardiorespiratory arrest. As a result, physician knowledge and patient preparation and monitoring are critical in maximizing patient safety during the procedure being performed.

Cervical transforaminal injection: review of the literature, complications, and a suggested technique.

Objective: The objective of this paper is to review the literature of cervical transforaminal injections, resulting complications, and to suggest a safe technique.

Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed. Both the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched for any article relating to cervical epidural injections, cervical transforaminal injections, and complications relating to cervical epidural or cervical transforaminal injections.

Electrical stimulation induced cervical medial branch referral patterns.

Study Design: Electrical stimulation of the right cervical medial branches with or without the third occipital nerves was performed in nine subjects for a total of forty-eight medial branches and eight third occipital nerves. The referral patterns of each nerve or nerve branch was mapped on a human line diagram. These diagrams were compared to facet joint (zygapophyseal joint, facet joint), myofascial, and discogenic referral patterns already published by various authors.

Compliance with electrodiagnostic guidelines for patients undergoing carpal tunnel release.

Objective: To describe how clinical practice in those who underwent carpal tunnel release (CTR) matched the American Association of Electrodiagnostic Medicine (AAEM) 1993 practice parameters for electrodiagnostic evaluation of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).

Design: Cohort study using 1998-1999 Medicare billing data.

Setting: Washington State.

The clinical use of dermatomal somatosensory evoked potentials in lumbosacral spinal stenosis.

DSEPs provide clinicians with a safe, noninvasive technique useful in determining which patients with anatomic spinal stenosis have the added component of neurogenic compromise. Based on physiologic principles, level-by-level prolongation of DSEP latencies, reduction of amplitude, asymmetry, or a complete absence of response is associated with dysfunction in that particular afferent neurologic pathway. This dysfunction does not correspond to the exact level of stenosis noted on MRI because the rootlets in the lumbar and sacral regions pass through multiple spinal segments as they course rostrally through the spinal canal.