Non-invasive multi-cancer detection using DNA hypomethylation of LINE-1 retrotransposons.

Purpose: The detection of circulating tumor DNA, which allows non-invasive tumor molecular profiling and disease follow-up, promises optimal and individualized management of patients with cancer. However, detecting small fractions of tumor DNA released when the tumor burden is reduced remains a challenge.

Experimental Design: We implemented a new highly sensitive strategy to detect base-pair resolution methylation patterns from plasma DNA and assessed the potential of hypomethylation of LINE-1 retrotransposons as a non-invasive multi-cancer detection biomarker.

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY IN PATIENTS UNDER 60 YEARS IN A CARDIOLOGY DEPARTMENT: A STUDY OF 73 CASES IN DAKAR, SENEGAL.

Introduction: In-hospital mortality is a critical indicator of healthcare quality, although most hospital deaths result from unavoidable morbid processes.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine cardiovascular mortality in working-age patients by analysing epidemiological, clinical, and paraclinical characteristics and identifying the key etiological factors associated with mortality.

Methodology: A descriptive and analytical retrospective study was conducted from September 2019 to August 2022 at the General Hospital Idrissa POUYE in Dakar.

Green Synthesis and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Based on Leaves Extract of .

This study focuses on the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the extract of leaves. The extraction was done using maceration at room temperature in water for 48 h. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by IR, XRD, TEM, and SEM.

Combretum micranthum G. Don (Combretaceae): A Review on Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicology.

Combretum micranthum (Combretaceae) is a medicinal plant widely known and used in Africa to treat a variety of conditions such as diabetes, fever, coughs, bronchitis, diarrhea, pain, malaria and liver disorders, among others. Due to its wide traditional use, in this review, published scientific reports on its composition and pharmacological properties were explored by conducting a literature search of databases. To date, 155 organic compounds including 34 flavonoids, 16 phenolic acids, 14 alkaloids, 15 fatty acids, 14 terpenoids/steroids, 24 amino acids, 8 carbohydrate substances and 30 other organic compounds have been identified from this plant.

Ports and their influence on local air pollution and public health: A global analysis.

Despite the skyrocketing growth in recent decades of environmental studies on ports and shipping, their local health impacts remain largely under-researched. This article tackles this gap in research by statistically analyzing data on global shipping flows across nearly 5000 ports in 35 OECD countries between 2001 and 2018. The different traffic types, from containers to bulk and passengers, are analyzed jointly with data on natural conditions, air pollution, socio-economic indicators, and public health.

Comparative Transcriptomic Analyses of a Vero Cell Line in Suspension versus Adherent Culture Conditions.

The Vero cell line is the most used continuous cell line for viral vaccine manufacturing. Its anchorage-dependent use renders scaling up challenging and operations very labor-intensive which affects cost effectiveness. Thus, efforts to adapt Vero cells to suspension cultures have been invested, but hurdles such as the long doubling time and low cell viability remain to be addressed.

Sensitivity and specificity of human point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen (POC-CCA) test in African livestock for rapid diagnosis of schistosomiasis: A Bayesian latent class analysis.

Schistosomiasis is a major neglected tropical disease (NTD) affecting both humans and animals. The morbidity and mortality inflicted upon livestock in the Afrotropical region has been largely overlooked, in part due to a lack of validated sensitive and specific tests, which do not require specialist training or equipment to deliver and interpret. As stressed within the recent WHO NTD 2021-2030 Roadmap and Revised Guideline for schistosomiasis, inexpensive, non-invasive, and sensitive diagnostic tests for livestock-use would also facilitate both prevalence mapping and appropriate intervention programmes.

Molecular characterization of schistosome cercariae and their snail hosts from Niakhar, a seasonal transmission focus in central Senegal.

and , two sympatric freshwater snails found in temporal ponds in Senegal, were thought to be involved in the transmission of and/or . To better understand the role of these species in the transmission of human and animal species, and were collected in 2015, during a malacological survey, from a temporal pond in Niakhar, central Senegal. Snails were induced to shed cercariae on two consecutive days.

Urogenital schistosomiasis in three different water access in the Senegal river basin: prevalence and monitoring praziquantel efficacy and re-infection levels.

Background: Urogenital schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease most prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa. In the Senegal river basin, the construction of the Diama dam led to an increase and endemicity of schistosomiasis. Since 2009, praziquantel has frequently been used as preventive chemotherapy in the form of mass administration to Senegalese school-aged children without monitoring of the treatment efficacy and the prevalence after re-infection.

[Not Available].

Introduction : The idea of therapeutic fasting with healing virtues is circulating among cancer patients. Our study aims to improve knowledge of this practice, which is contraindicated in France during chemotherapy, and to establish recommendations to facilitate exchanges between doctors and patients.Methods : Chemotherapy patients completed a self-questionnaire on diet, therapeutic fasting and alternative medicine.

Impact of the interaction between the polymorphisms and hypermethylation of the CD36 gene on a new biomarker of type 2 diabetes mellitus: circulating soluble CD36 (sCD36) in Senegalese females.

Background: Several predisposing factors for diabetes mellitus have been identified, including cluster determinant 36 (CD36) receptor expression. We aimed to determine the effects of CD36 gene polymorphisms and hypermethylation on the plasma CD36 protein levels in type 2 diabetes.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 100 females (lean healthy control subjects and subjects with type 2 diabetes).

From functional genomics of vero cells to CRISPR-based genomic deletion for improved viral production rates.

Despite their wide use in the vaccine manufacturing field for over 40 years, one of the main limitations to recent efforts to develop Vero cells as high-throughput vaccine manufacturing platforms is the lack of understanding of virus-host interactions during infection and cell-based virus production in Vero cells. To overcome this limitation, this manuscript uses the recently generated reference genome for the Vero cell line to identify the factors at play during influenza A virus (IAV) and recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV) infection and replication in Vero host cells. The best antiviral gene candidate for gene editing was selected using Differential Gene Expression analysis, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and Network Topology-based Analysis.

Neonatal outcomes in twin pregnancies with the first twin in breech presentation according to the mode of delivery: A cohort study from Dakar Senegal.

The objectives of this study were to compare perinatal outcomes in twin pregnancies where the first twin was in the breech presentation. To do so, we performed a 10-year retrospective cohort study in a single university center. All patients with a twin pregnancy with the first twin in breech presentation, a gestational age greater than or equal to 34 weeks' gestation, and a birth weight <= 1500 g were included.

Estimating the financial impact of livestock schistosomiasis on traditional subsistence and transhumance farmers keeping cattle, sheep and goats in northern Senegal.

Background: Schistosomiasis is a disease that poses major threats to human and animal health, as well as the economy, especially in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Whilst many studies have evaluated the economic impact of schistosomiasis in humans, to date only one has been performed in livestock in SSA and none in Senegal. This study aimed to estimate the financial impact of livestock schistosomiasis in selected regions of Senegal.

Spillover, hybridization, and persistence in schistosome transmission dynamics at the human-animal interface.

Zoonotic spillover and hybridization of parasites are major emerging public and veterinary health concerns at the interface of infectious disease biology, evolution, and control. Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease of global importance caused by parasites of the genus, and the spp. system within Africa represents a key example of a system where spillover of animal parasites into human populations has enabled formation of hybrids.

Hybridized Zoonotic Infections Result in Hybridized Morbidity Profiles: A Clinical Morbidity Study amongst Co-Infected Human Populations of Senegal.

Hybridization of infectious agents is a major emerging public and veterinary health concern at the interface of evolution, epidemiology, and control. Whilst evidence of the extent of hybridization amongst parasites is increasing, their impact on morbidity remains largely unknown. This may be predicted to be particularly pertinent where parasites of animals with contrasting pathogenicity viably hybridize with human parasites.

Haplotype-resolved de novo assembly of the Vero cell line genome.

The Vero cell line is the most used continuous cell line for viral vaccine manufacturing with more than 40 years of accumulated experience in the vaccine industry. Additionally, the Vero cell line has shown a high affinity for infection by MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, and recently SARS-CoV-2, emerging as an important discovery and screening tool to support the global research and development efforts in this COVID-19 pandemic. However, the lack of a reference genome for the Vero cell line has limited our understanding of host-virus interactions underlying such affinity of the Vero cell towards key emerging pathogens, and more importantly our ability to redesign high-yield vaccine production processes using Vero genome editing.

[Anaesthesia in on-pump cardiac surgery for congenital heart diseases at the Cuomo Pediatric Cardiology Center (Senegal)].

Congenital heart diseases account for 0.5-1% of births. The management of children with cardiac malformation requires treatment in a suitable center, adequate medical equipment and specific anesthetic and surgical knowledge.

Prevalence and distribution of schistosomiasis in human, livestock, and snail populations in northern Senegal: a One Health epidemiological study of a multi-host system.

Background: Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease of global medical and veterinary importance. As efforts to eliminate schistosomiasis as a public health problem and interrupt transmission gather momentum, the potential zoonotic risk posed by livestock Schistosoma species via viable hybridisation in sub-Saharan Africa have been largely overlooked. We aimed to investigate the prevalence, distribution, and multi-host, multiparasite transmission cycle of Haematobium group schistosomiasis in Senegal, West Africa.

Soft tissue reconstruction in the leg by orthopedic surgeons: Practices at an African trauma center.

Introduction: Soft-tissue coverage is a crucial step when treating open tibial fractures, which is often performed by orthopedic surgeons in a low resource setting. The objective of this study was to analyze the use of non-microsurgical flaps to treat such injuries in a West African trauma center.

Hypothesis: Pedicled flaps are reliable procedures that can be used by any orthopedic surgeon for soft-tissue coverage in the leg.

Multihost Transmission of Schistosoma mansoni in Senegal, 2015-2018.

In West Africa, Schistosoma spp. are capable of infecting multiple definitive hosts, a lifecycle feature that may complicate schistosomiasis control. We characterized the evolutionary relationships among multiple Schistosoma mansoni isolates collected from snails (intermediate hosts), humans (definitive hosts), and rodents (definitive hosts) in Senegal.

Susac syndrome: about two cases.

Susac syndrome is an autoimmune endothelopathy that affects precapillary arterioles of the brain, retina and inner ear. We report for the first time observations of two patients with Susac syndrome in Senegal.