Proboscis Lateralis : A Rare Bilateral Case in Association with Holoprosencephaly.

Proboscis lateralis is a very rare congenital craniofacial malformation characterized by a trunk like tubular appendage arising commonly from roof of the orbit near medial canthus. It may be seen as an isolated defect with sporadic occurrence or it may be associated with a spectrum of anomalies. It is usually unilateral and very few bilateral cases of proboscis lateralis have been reported in the literature worldwide.

Antepartum cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) quantification by estimation of maximal oxygen consumption (Vo2 max) in pregnant South Indian women.

The aim of the study was to calculate the maximal oxygen consumption (Vo2max) for pregnant women of varying trimesters and to quantify the cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF)with the objective of being able to determine the exercise dose for antenatal women which can be prescribed to achieve optimal exercise benefits during various trimesters. A study group comprising 64 pregnant women with uncomplicated singleton pregnancy and control group with 77 non-pregnant women were subjected to Cooper's 12 minutes walk test. From the distance covered in 12 minutes, Vo2max was calculated.