Triple regulation of oxidative-acetylation cycling pathways in COPD glucocorticoid resistance by HuaTanJiangQi capsules.

Glucocorticoid (GC) resistance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) induced by long-term smoking, significantly reduces the quality of life of patients. The complex interaction between antioxidants and acetylation is an important factor that contributes to the slow progression of treatment. This study highlights the development of GC resistance in COPD through 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1), histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2), and nuclear related factor 2 (Nrf2), using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, western blotting, and siRNA silencing.

Preoperative ECG-assisted feature engineering enhances prediction of new-onset atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery.

Background: New-onset postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is the most common complication following cardiac surgery, associated with adverse outcomes. However, the predictive accuracy of existing models remains unsatisfactory, primarily due to insufficient utilization of electrocardiogram (ECG) data and limitations in model development methodologies. This study aims to develop an accurate prediction model for POAF by comprehensively analyzing the predictive power of various preoperative ECG features.

Comparing mid-term outcomes and patient satisfaction between percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy and microendoscopic discectomy for foraminal and extraforaminal lumbar disc herniations: a retrospective matched cohort study.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the mid-term outcomes and patient satisfaction between percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) and microendoscopic discectomy (MED) for the treatment of foraminal and extraforaminal lumbar disc herniations.

Methods: A retrospective matched cohort study was conducted, including patients diagnosed with foraminal or extraforaminal lumbar disc herniations who underwent PELD or MED between January 2014 and December 2021. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and perioperative data were analyzed.

Impact of gender and reproductive states on diets and intestinal microbiota in Pratt's leaf-nosed bats (Hipposideros pratti).

Lactation represents a critical evolutionary adaptation in mammals, imposing heightened nutritional demands that drive shifts in foraging behavior and intestinal microbiota to optimize nutrient acquisition. In the sexually dimorphic Pratt's leaf-nosed bat (Hipposideros pratti), males exhibit enlarged transverse lobes posterior to the nasal leaf, a morphological trait may influence echolocation dynamics and dietary niche partitioning. This provides an opportunity to examine dietary and microbiota differences between genders and across various reproductive states.

Adipose Tissue-Derived Exosome Maintains Metabolic Balance of Extracellular Matrix in Rat Nucleus Pulposus Cells.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of adipose tissue-derived exosomes (AT-Exo) on rat nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs).

Methods: Ultracentrifugation was used to extract exosomes from rat adipose tissue. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Western blot, and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) were used to characterize the exosomes.

Synergistic effects of lipoprotein (a) and fibrinogen on carotid plaque in patients with coronary artery disease.

Background: Elevated lipoprotein (a) [Lp (a)] and fibrinogen (Fib) are important factors contributing to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Carotid plaque is a manifestation of carotid atherosclerosis, and previous studies have shown that Fib has a synergistic effect on Lp (a)-induced events. However, the effect of the combined action of Lp (a) and fibrinogen on carotid plaque has not been elucidated.

Biological Significance and Therapeutic Promise of Programmed Ribosomal Frameshifting.

Programmed Ribosomal Frameshifting (PRF) is a mechanism that alters the mRNA reading frame during translation, resulting in the production of out-of-frame proteins. PRF plays crucial roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis and contributes significantly to disease pathogenesis, particularly in viral infections. Notably, PRF can induce immune responses in the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine, further extending its biological significance.

Plasma p-tau217 and p-tau217/Aβ1-42 are effective biomarkers for identifying CSF- and PET imaging-diagnosed Alzheimer's disease: Insights for research and clinical practice.

Introduction: With the advancement of disease-modifying therapies for Alzheimer's disease (AD), validating plasma biomarkers against cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and positron emission tomography (PET) standards is crucial in both research and real-world settings.

Methods: We measured plasma phosphorylated tau (p-tau)217, p-tau181, amyloid beta (Aβ)1-40, Aβ1-42, and neurofilament light chain in research and real-world cohorts. Participants were categorized by brain amyloid status using US Food and Drug Administration/European Medicines Agency-approved CSF or PET methods.

Life's Essential 8 and cardiovascular disease in women with a history of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Aims: To assess whether better cardiovascular health is associated with a lower long-term risk of CVD in women with a history of adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs).

Methods: Using data from the UK Biobank prospective cohort, we included 2,263 participants with prior APOs and 107,260 participants without prior APOs. Life's Essential 8 (LE8) score was assessed at baseline.

Construction of optical lattice-type skyrmion arrays in tightly focused electromagnetic field.

By utilizing the time inversion of radiation from spatial dipole arrays, we propose a method for constructing the spatial lattice-type skyrmion arrays under 4 focusing conditions, including Néel-, Bloch-, and Anti-skyrmions/merons. The Richards-Wolf vector diffraction theory is applied to analyze the radiation field emitted by dipole arrays, aiming to determine the incident field required under a high numerical aperture (NA=0.95).

Large screen size transparent display using spectrum expanded light field holograms.

Holographic displays have the potential to reconstruct natural light field information, making them highly promising for applications in augmented reality (AR), head-up displays (HUD), and new types of transparent three-dimensional (3D) displays. However, current spatial light modulators (SLMs) are constrained by pixel size and resolution, limiting display size. Additionally, existing holographic displays have narrow viewing angles due to device diffraction limits, algorithms, and optical configurations.

The application value of ipsilateral superselective adrenal arteriography and adrenal venography in patients with primary aldosteronism undergoing adrenal artery embolization.

Superselective adrenal artery embolization (SAAE) has increasingly emerged as an alternative treatment for primary aldosteronism (PA) patients who either unwilling or unable to undergo surgical adrenalectomy, and cannot tolerate or refuse to mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs). Although SAAE has been applied in PA treatment for over two decades, its safety and efficacy are still uncertain due to absence of multi-center, randomized controlled trials, hindering its widespread clinical adoption. Currently, only a few centers could perform this procedure proficiently, leading to variability in technical protocols and clinical outcomes across different institutions.

Temporally and Spatially Controlled Age-Related Prostate Cancer Model in Mice.

The initiation and progression of prostate cancer (PCa) are associated with aging. In the history of age-related PCa research, mice have become a more popular animal model option than any other species due to their short lifespan and rapid reproduction. However, PCa in mice is usually induced at a relatively young age, while it spontaneously develops in humans at an older age.

Application of partially zwitterionic poly(ionic liquid)s in humidity sensors.

Polyelectrolytes have shown promise as sensitive material for high-performance humidity sensors in recent years. How to obtain fast recovery and high sensitivity polyelectrolyte humidity sensors is a great challenge. A kind of poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) humidity sensors modified by zwitterionic polymers (partially zwitterionic PILs, named PZPILs) were prepared in this work.

Humidity-Activated Ammonia Sensor Based on Carboxylic Functionalized Cross-Linked Hydrogel.

Owing to its extensive use and intrinsic toxicity, NH detection is very crucial. Moisture can cause significant interference in the performance of sensors, and detecting NH in high humidity is still a challenge. In this work, a humidity-activated NH sensor was prepared by urocanic acid (URA) modifying poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) via a thiol-ene click cross-linking reaction.

Visible-Light-Induced Oxidation of Styrene by a Polyoxovanadate-Based Carboxylate Derivative.

Revealing the design and synthesis of precisely tailored crystalline catalysts for achieving efficient photocatalytic conversion of styrene into high-value-added products remains a challenging task. In this work, a highly stable crystalline polyoxovanadate functionalized by the dl-tartaric acid ligand H[VO(HO)(tart)]·HO [, tart = CHO] was successfully synthesized by conventional aqueous solution methods. The photocatalytic performance was evaluated for the photosynthesis of styrene oxide by employing an oxygen source as the oxidant in the visible light (>420 nm) conditions at room temperature with compound as a heterogeneous catalyst.

Ru Metalloligands Participate in the Construction of POM@MOF for Enhancing the Visible Photoinduced Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation Reaction.

Directed synthesis of high-efficiency visible photoinduced Baeyer-Villiger oxidation catalysts is of primary significance. Here, the isopolymolybdate anion [β-MoO] is for the first time encapsulated with the photosensitive metalloligand [Ru(bpy)(Hdcbpy)] (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine; Hdcbpy = 2,2'-bipyridine-5,5'-dicarboxylic acid) to synthesize polyoxometalate@metal-organic frameworks, {(CdDMF)[Ru(bpy)(dcbpy)]([β-MoO])}·5DMF (Ru-Mo). The composite photocatalyst Ru-Mo not only has a light absorption of 700 nm but also shortens the photogenerated electron transfer distances and accelerates charge and proton transfer.

Subtype-specific transcription factors affect polyamine metabolism and the tumor microenvironment in breast cancer.

Background: Polyamines play important roles in cell growth and proliferation. Polyamine metabolism genes are dysregulated in various tumors. Some polyamine metabolism genes are regulated by transcription factors.

General and Fast Gas-Solid Synthesis of Functional MXenes and Derivatives on the Scale of Tens of Grams.

The rising of MXenes not only enriches the two-dimensional material family but also brings more opportunities for diverse functional applications. However, the controllable synthesis of MXenes is still unsatisfied via the common liquid-solid etching route, considering the unsolved problems like safety risk, time cost and easy oxidation. Herein, a facile yet efficient gas-solid (G-S) reaction methodology is devised by using hydrogen fluoride gas derived from fluorinated organics as the MAX etchant toward high-efficiency fabrication of multiple MXenes and their derivatives.

Heavy metals in the continuous river-estuary-sea system of the Yellow River Delta, China: Spatial patterns, potential sources, and influencing factors.

Present study investigated heavy metal pollution in the continuous upper river-estuary-sea systems of the Yellow River Delta (YRD). Significant seasonal differences (p < 0.05) for the heavy metal overall profile were observed, although there were no significant spatial variations among the different water bodies.

[Effectiveness of modified temporomandibular joint disc reduction and suture with tragus incision assisted by arthroscopy].

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of modified temporomandibular joint disc reduction and suture with tragus incision assisted by arthroscopy for temporomandibular joint anterior disc displacement (ADD).

Methods: A clinical data of 30 patients (45 sides) with temporomandibular joint ADD, who met selective criteria and were admitted between September 2022 and February 2024, was retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 15 patients (23 sides) were treated with temporomandibular joint disc reduction and suture via small incision (open operation group), and 15 patients (22 sides) with modified temporomandibular joint disc reduction and suture with tragus incision assisted by arthroscopy (arthroscopy group).

Exploration of the shared gene signatures and comorbidity mechanisms of primary aldosteronism and atrial fibrillation.

Background: Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a prevalent cause of endocrine hypertension characterized by an excess of aldosterone that can induce proinflammatory, prooxidant and profibrotic effects on the heart. Emerging evidence indicates a heightened incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with PA, suggesting a significant association between the two conditions. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Self-Assembled 8-Ti-Containing Polyoxomolybdate for the Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution.

An S-shaped 8-Ti-containing polyoxomolybdate (NH)CsNaH[Ti(GeMoO)(GeMoO)]·44HO () has been prepared under the one-pot hydrothermal method and further characterized. According to single-crystal X-ray, compound consists of two {GeMoO} and two {GeMoO} segments, which are linked with a {TiO} cluster. Moreover, the {GeMoO} fragment is rare and the first discovery, which enriches the lacunary Keggin-type family and offers the possibility of obtaining new structures.

Needle knife assisted removal of the displaced metal stent.

The removal of a metal stent with proximal displacement was challenging. We present a case where a needle knife was used to incise the duodenal papilla to remove the displaced metal stent.