Rice bran protein fibril and chitin nanofiber complexes as a new material for fat substitution and saltiness enhancement.

Rice bran protein fibrils (RBPFs) and chitin nanofibers (CNFs) have great untapped application potential in fat and salt reduction. The present study aims to prepare RBPF-CNF complexes at the optimum conditions and investigate their structures and physicochemical properties. RBPFs and CNFs formed better fiber structures with the higher viscosity and saltiness when heated for 10 h and ultrasound treated for 40 min, respectively.

Sedative and hypnotic effects of icariin through the GABAergic system pathway.

Background: Icariin (ICA) is a bioactive monomer derived from Epimedium. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sedative-hypnotic effect of ICA and to investigate its mechanism.

Methods: C57BL/6J mice were injected intraperitoneally with a suspension of PCPA (300 mg/kg) for two consecutive days to establish an insomnia model.

Oat β-glucan prevents high fat diet induced obesity by targeting ileal Farnesoid X receptor-fibroblast growth factor 15 signaling.

Oat β-glucan has demonstrated an anti-obesity effect against high fat diet. However, its precise regulatory mechanism remains unclear. The anti-obesity effect was related to the structural characteristics.

[Effect and Safety of a New Conditioning Regimen with Chidamide and BEAM for Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Lymphoma].

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of a new conditioning regimen with chidamide and BEAM for autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) in patients with lymphoma.

Methods: Medical records and further follow-up data from 85 patients with lymphoma from May 2015 to September 2020 in our hospital were retrospectively collected and analyzed.

Results: Among 85 patients, 52 cases accepted BEAM regimen and 33 cases accepted CBEAM followed by AHSCT.

Chlorogenic acid improves SPS-induced PTSD-like behaviors in rats by regulating the crosstalk between Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling pathway.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a long-term delayed mental disorder caused by sudden, threatening or catastrophic life events. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a polyphenolic acid rich in Eucommia ulmoides and other plants with potential neuroprotective effects, effectively enhances learning and memory, and exerts a beneficial impact on improving mood and attention. However, the effects and mechanisms of CGA on PTSD-like behaviors remain uncertain.

SEC61G Facilitates Brain Metastases via Antagonizing PGAM1 Ubiquitination and Immune Microenvironment Remodeling in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Brain metastases are a leading cause of mortality in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), yet their molecular mechanisms remain unclear. SEC61G, a subunit of the SEC61 translocon, has been implicated in tumor progression but its role in brain metastases is unknown. This study explores how SEC61G contributes to brain metastases by driving metabolic reprogramming and immune microenvironment remodeling.

[Genome-wide identification, characterization, and expression analysis of MAPK genes in response to infection in ].

In recent years, the spread of clubroot disease caused by infection has seriously affected the yield and quality of (L.) Czern..

Alda-1 mediates cell senescence and counteracts bone loss in weightlessness through regulating mitophagy.

Aims: Astronauts experience weightlessness-induced bone loss (WIBL) due to an imbalanced bone remodeling process involving bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), osteoblasts, and osteoclasts. Senescence is an important factor contributes to WIBL. In the current study, the effects of Alda-1 on senescence and WIBL were evaluated.

A novel flocculant based on "happy molecules" for the efficient removal of NSAIDs and NOM complexes: Role of parallel π-π stacking force.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) pose potential risks to human health and ecosystems in the water cycle. Herein, Dopamine (DA), known as the "happy molecule" and "biological glue", it can interact with various drugs and " adhere " to them. In this study, DA was used as a monomer to modify chitosan (CS) under ultraviolet light through Michael addition and Schiff base reactions, resulting in a novel eco-friendly polymer (CS@PDA) with high flocculation activity for ibuprofen (IBU), representing NSAIDs.

Mechanism of the release and transformation of polyphenols during germination and fermentation in millets: profile and metabolomics based analysis.

Germination and fermentation are effective ways to improve polyphenol contents in whole grains; however, their mechanisms await clear explanation. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the release and transformation of polyphenols during germination and fermentation with . Results showed that the phenolic content significantly increased after germination and fermentation.

Transcriptomic and Phenotypic Responses of Cucumber Trichome Density to Silver Nitrate and Sodium Thiosulfate Application.

Cucumber ( L.) is one of the most widely cultivated crops worldwide and is valued for its nutritional, economic, and ecological benefits. The regulation of defense mechanisms against herbivores, along with osmotic loss and environmental regulation, is greatly affected by trichomes in cucumbers.

Treg Upregulation by Treadmill Training Accelerates Myelin Repair Post-Ischemia.

Regulatory T (Treg) cells contribute to white matter repair following ischemic stroke, but their limited availability in circulation restricts their therapeutic potential. Exercise, as a non-invasive and effective rehabilitation method, has been shown to restore Treg balance in diseases. This study explores the effects of treadmill training on Treg upregulation and its influence on myelin repair and functional recovery in rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO).

Mismatched online public concern and tick-borne disease risk in China.

Introduction: Ticks and tick-borne diseases are increasing public health concerns in China. This study examines public awareness and concern using data from the People Cloud, a national public opinion data platform.

Methods: We analyzed 358,862 posts related to ticks, tick bites, Lyme disease, and tick-borne encephalitis from October 2022 to November 2023.

Toxicity assessment of wastewater using a battery of bioassays in two textile wastewater treatment plants from a large industrial park in Guangxi, Southwest China.

Textile effluents are important sources of pollutants in aquatic environments. The textile industry in China has been relocating from developed to less developed regions, yet the potential environmental impact of textile effluents remains unclear. Here, we investigated the acute toxicity of wastewater collected from different processing units of two textile wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in a large industrial park in Guangxi province (Southwest China), using whole effluent toxicity testing.

Osteoperiosteal versus osteochondral for autologous transplantation in the treatment of large cystic osteochondral lesions of the talus.

Background: Osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLTs) with a large subchondral cyst have been shown to have inferior clinical outcomes after reparative techniques. Replacement techniques such as autologous osteoperiosteal transplantation (AOPT) and autologous osteochondral transplantation (AOCT) are indicated for large lesions. The aim of the study was to compare the short-term clinical and radiographic outcomes between patients undergoing AOPT and those undergoing AOCT for large cystic OLTs.

Simultaneous Determination and Pharmacokinetics of Three Steroidal Alkaloids in Rat Plasma by UHPLC-MS After Oral Administration of Three Different Preparations of Fritillaria ussuriensis Maxim Bulb.

Pharmacokinetic studies can provide a method for optimizing preparations. In this study, three most abundant compounds from Fritillaria ussuriensis bulb were isolated, and a selective, sensitive new analytical method was developed. This method aims for the simultaneous determination of peimisine-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), karelinine (2), and peimisine (3) in rat plasma after oral administration of F.

CDK1 mediates the metabolic regulation of DNA double-strand break repair in metaphase II oocytes.

Background: During oocyte maturation, DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) can decrease oocyte quality or cause mutations. How DSBs are repaired in dividing oocytes and which factors influence DSB repair are not well understood.

Results: By analyzing DSB repair pathways in oocytes at different stages, we found that break-induced replication (BIR) and RAD51-mediated homology-directed repair (HDR) were highly active in germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) oocytes but suppressed in metaphase II (MII) oocytes and the BIR in oocytes was promoted by CDK1 activity.

Evaluation of extruded quinoa flour on dough rheology and white salted noodles quality.

White salted noodles are popular staples in Asia, but the ones with limited nutrient composition and high glycemic value still present significant concerns. This study investigated the potential of incorporating extruded quinoa flour (EQF) into wheat flour to enhance nutrient quality and reduce the starch digestibility of composite noodles. Moreover, the effect of EQF addition on the rheological properties of wheat dough and the cooking properties of composite noodles was also studied.

Mechanisms of inflammatory microenvironment formation in cardiometabolic diseases: molecular and cellular perspectives.

Cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) are leading causes of death and disability worldwide, with complex pathophysiological mechanisms in which inflammation plays a crucial role. This review aims to elucidate the molecular and cellular mechanisms within the inflammatory microenvironment of atherosclerosis, hypertension and diabetic cardiomyopathy. In atherosclerosis, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) activate immune cells contributing to foam cell formation and arterial wall thickening.

Selection strategy for encapsulation of hydrophilic and hydrophobic ingredients with food-grade materials: A systematic review and analysis.

Various lipid and biopolymer-based nanocarriers have been developed to encapsulate food ingredients. The selection of nanocarrier type, preparation techniques, and loading methods should consider the compatibility of nutrient properties, nanocarrier composition, and product requirements. This review focuses on the loading methods for hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances, along with a detailed exploration of nanocarrier categorization, composition, and preparation methods.

IDH-mutant glioma risk stratification via whole slide images: Identifying pathological feature associations.

This article aims to develop and validate a pathological prognostic model for predicting prognosis in patients with isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant gliomas and reveal the biological underpinning of the prognostic pathological features. The pathomic model was constructed based on whole slide images (WSIs) from a training set ( = 486) and evaluated on internal validation set ( = 209), HPPH validation set ( = 54), and TCGA validation set ( = 352). Biological implications of PathScore and individual pathomic features were identified by pathogenomics set ( = 100).

Synaptic-mitochondrial transport: mechanisms in neural adaptation and degeneration.

Synaptic plasticity is the basis for the proper functioning of the central nervous system. Synapses are the contact points between neurons and are crucial for information transmission, the structure and function of synapses change adaptively based on the different activities of neurons, thus affecting processes such as learning, memory, and neural development and repair. Synaptic activity requires a large amount of energy provided by mitochondria.

The Pathway Relationship Between Physical Activity Levels and Depressive Symptoms in University Students Mediated by Cognitive Flexibility.

Objective: To explore the mediating pathway of cognitive flexibility in the relationship between physical activity and depressive symptoms among university students.

Methods: A cross-sectional design was used to survey 2537 university students using the Physical Activity Rating Scale-3, Patients' Health Questionnaire, and Cognitive Flexibility Inventory. Data analysis was conducted using independent samples t-test, chi-square test, correlation analysis, one-way ANOVA, and mediation analysis.

Analyzing gene-based apoptotic biomarkers in insomnia using bioinformatics.

Insomnia is increasingly common and poses significant health risks. The aims of this study are to identify apoptosis-related genes and potential biomarkers for insomnia and to find new therapeutic targets. Insomnia gene expression profiles were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and differentially expressed genes in normal and insomnia samples were identified by limma rapid differential analysis, and then the major modular genes with clinical relevance to insomnia were analyzed using the Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis, and intersections were obtained with the differentially expressed genes as well as with apoptotic gene databases.