Effect of Topical Dexamethasone for Preventing Experimentally Induced Myringosclerosis.

Objective: We aimed to examine the effect of topical dexamethasone by otomicroscopic and histologic examinations for preventing myringosclerosis induced by myringotomy in rat tympanic membranes.

Methods: Twenty-one Sprague Dawley rats (42 ears) were randomly divided into the following three groups after otomicroscopic examinations: experimental surgical group (5 rats), control group (8 rats), and study group (8 rats). The rats of all the groups underwent myringotomy in both tympanic membranes.

The Role of e-NOS in Chronic Cholestasis-Induced Liver and Renal Injury in Rats: The Effect of N-Acetyl Cysteine.

Introduction. The role of chronic cholestasis (CC) in liver injury and fibrosis remains unclear. The aims of this study were to define the role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (e-NOS) in CC and the protective effect of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) in liver and kidney injury.

Massive Alimentary Tract Bleeding due to Cytomegalovirus Infection in an Elderly Patient.

In recent years, cytomegalovirus (CMV) has been recognized as an important common pathogen in immunocompromized patients. This is due to the increasing number of immunosuppressive medications, intensive cancer chemotherapy use, recurrent transplantations, progressively aging population, and the higher number of human immunodeficiency virus infections. Cytomegalovirus infection especially interests the gastrointestinal tract, anywhere, from the mouth to the anus.

Mucins, trefoil factors and pancreatic duodenal homeobox 1 expression in spasmolytic polypeptide expressing metaplasia and intestinal metaplasia adjacent to gastric carcinomas.

Introduction: Gastric cancers are the second cause of cancer related deaths all around the world but gastric carcinogenesis remains a mystery. Intestinal metaplasia (IM) and spasmolytic polypeptide expressing metaplasia (SPEM) are the two types of preneoplastic metaplasias. In this study, we aimed to investigate expression of Pancreatic duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1), mucins (MUCs), trefoil factors (TFFs) in SPEM and IM surrounding gastric carcinomas.

Carnitine or dimethyl sulfoxide, or both, for the treatment of anthracycline extravasation in rats.

This study aimed to compare the efficacy of topical dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), intralesional and systemic carnitine as monotherapy and in combination against ulceration in rats induced by intradermal doxorubicin extravasation. Sixty-nine 3-month-old male Wistar albino rats, weighing between 200-225 g, were used in this study. Rats were applied monotherapy or a combination of topical DMSO, intraperitoneal or intralesional carnitine.

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: A rare diagnosis on cervicovaginal cytology.

Cervicovaginal smear screening is well known to reduce morbidity and mortality rates of invasive cervical carcinoma. Herein, we report a case of 56-year-old woman whose cervicovaginal smear was found to consist of malignant cells characterized by high nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio, scant rim of cytoplasm, coarsely granular nuclear chromatin and irregular nuclear membrane that were all reminiscent of a malignant lymphoma. Histopathological examination of the hysterectomy and unilateral adnexectomy specimen confirmed the presence of a diffuse large B-cell non Hodgkin's lymphoma involving the cervix, endometrium, myometrium, serosa and the right ovary.

The investigation of tumoral angiogenesis with HIF-1 alpha and microvessel density in women with endometrium cancer.

Objective: Hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) is a nuclear protein upregulated in response to reduced cellular oxygen concentration which therefore acts as a marker for hypoxia. The aim of this study was to determine tumoral angiogenesis with immunohistochemical markers in endometrium cancer and its relation with stage, grade, survival rates and other prognostic factors.

Material And Methods: Using the database in our Gynecologic Oncology clinic, we selected 94 patients who were diagnosed with endometrial cancer and underwent primary surgery at our institution between 2001 and 2010.

The relationship among PDX1, CDX2, and mucin profiles in gastric carcinomas; correlations with clinicopathologic parameters.

Purpose: Several studies performed on pancreatic-duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1) have demonstrated a loss of expression and negative tumor modulator effect in gastric carcinoma. Relations between PDX1 and gastric metaplasia, differentiated type of gastric carcinoma, and the early stage of the disease have been exhibited in previous reports. The aim of this study was to examine expressions of PDX1, caudal type homeobox 2 (CDX2) and mucin (MUC) profiles to address the role of PDX1 in gastric carcinogenesis and its relationship with CDX2.

The effects of sirolimus on target organs during mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion damage in an experimental rat model.

Background: Mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) syndrome (MIRS) has been considered a clinicopathologic entity associated with a variety of clinically severe conditions with decreased intestinal blood flow and has been known to induce I/R damage in various organs. Sirolimus (SRL), a macrolide antibiotic isolated from a strain of Streptomyces hygroscopicus, is a potent and nonnephrotoxic immunosuppressant.

Objective: This study was designed to investigate the potential impact of sirolimus on MIRS-induced I/R damage in renal, intestinal, pulmonary, and hepatic tissues in an experimental rat model.

Prognostic value DCE-MRI parameters in predicting factor disease free survival and overall survival for breast cancer patients.

Purpose: The aim of the study is to assess the predictive power of DCE-MRI semi-quantitative parameters during treatment of breast cancer, for disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS).

Materials And Methods: Forty-nine women (age range, 28-84 years; mean, 50.6 years) with breast cancer underwent dynamic contrast enhancement MRI at 1.

Radiation-induced chronic oxidative renal damage can be reduced by amifostine.

In the current study, amifostine is evaluated for its radioprotective role in serum and kidney tissue by oxidative (malondialdehyde-MDA, advanced oxidation protein product-AOPP) and antioxidative markers (catalase, glutathione-GSH, free-thiols-F-SH). Thirty Wistar albino 3-4 months old, female rats, were randomly divided into Group I (n = 10): Control, Group II (n = 10): Irradiation-alone, Group III (n = 10): Amifostine before irradiation. In Group II and III, right kidneys of the rats were irradiated with a single dose of 6 Gy using a 60Co treatment unit.

Laryngeal chondroma: a rare diagnosis in this localization.

Primary chondroid tumors of the larynx represent less than 1% of all laryngeal tumors. Most of them are chondromas and they often involve to the cricoid cartilage. A 31-year-old male patient applied to the oto-laryngology service with a history of dysphonia and dyspnea.

Evaluation of morphine effect on tumour angiogenesis in mouse breast tumour model, EATC.

Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among women, and morphine is used to relieve the pain of patients with cancer. The data on the effects of morphine on tumour growth and angiogenesis are contradictory. We determined in mouse breast cancer model whether analgesic doses of morphine would affect tumour angiogenesis, and then the correlation between microvessel density (MVD), Doppler sonography (DS) and 99mTc-Tetrofosmin (TF) uptake.

Dermoid cyst of the parotid gland: first pediatric case.

A dermoid cyst is the result of inclusion of epithelial cells along the lines of embryonic closure. Dermoid cysts of the head neck are uncommon and account for only 7% of all such cysts. They are most often reported as arising in the floor of the mouth.

The effects of long-term low-dose cyclosporin A treatment on muscles and tendons: an experimental study.

Background: Limited studies report that patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy, including cyclosporin A (CsA), face muscle and/or tendon pathologies. The current study aimed (i) to investigate if CsA cause changes in the microscopic structure of striated muscle tissues and tendons after long-term low-dose therapy and (ii) to examine if the vehicle of CsA, Cremophor EL, or steroid administration might cause additional effects.

Methods: Twenty-four adult female Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 230-300 g were divided at random into four groups.

Glucose-induced alteration of accumulation of organotechnetium complexes accumulation in Pgp-negative tumor-bearing mice.

The biologic and microenvironmental factors determining (99m)Tc sestamibi (MIBI) and (99m)Tc tetrofosmin (TF) uptake in breast tumors are incompletely understood, especially in P-glycoprotein (Pgp)-negative tumors. We analyzed the influence of glucose administration on the uptake and retention of MIBI and TF in Pgp-negative tumor-bearing mice in vivo. Twenty (20) mice bearing Ehrlich ascites tumor cell (EATC) xenografts were divided into four groups: (1) MIBI, (2) MIBI+glucose, (3) TF, and (4) TF+glucose.

Value of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI and correlation with tumor angiogenesis in bladder cancer.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) for the noninvasive measurement of bladder cancer angiogenesis by correlation with microvessel density, histologic grade, and tumor staging, and to predict the outcome of local recurrence.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four patients with bladder cancer were examined using DCE-MRI. Hemodynamic parameters obtained by DCE-MRI included peak time enhancement in the first minute (E(max/1)) after contrast administration, second minute (E(max/2)), third minute (E(max/3)), fourth minute (E(max/4)), and fifth minute (E(max/5)), and the steepest slope.

Dermatofibroma mimicking malignancy on integrated F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET-CT.

A 31-year-old female with a history of ovarian cancer underwent an F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) scan. The PET-CT demonstrated focal nodular uptake in the subcutaneous tissue of the back adjacent to the paraspinal muscles. Color Doppler ultrasonography examination demonstrated a vascular solid mass.

Amifostine use in radiation-induced kidney damage. Preclinical evaluation with scintigraphic and histopathologic parameters.

Purpose: To assess the degree of protective effects of amifostine on kidney functions via semiquantitative static renal scintigraphy and histopathologic analysis.

Material And Methods: 30 female albino rats were divided into three equal groups as control (CL), radiotherapy alone (RT), and radiotherapy + amifostine (RT+AMI). The animals in the CL and RT groups were given phosphate-buffered saline, whereas the animals in the RT+AMI group received amifostine (200 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection 30 min before irradiation.

Curcumin attenuates the organ dysfunction caused by endotoxemia in the rat.

Objective: Curcumin has antioxidant, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, it remains unknown whether curcumin has any protective effects on sepsis. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate whether curcumin prevents organ dysfunction in animals with sepsis.

Tissue damage in rat ovaries subjected to torsion and detorsion: effects of L-carnitine and N-acetyl cysteine.

We aimed to evaluate histopathological changes, to detect HIF-1alpha staining intensities and to determine MDA levels in rat ovaries, which were subjected to torsion and detorsion and treated with L -carnitine or N-acetyl cysteine (NAC). Forty-eight prepubertal female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups (n = 8): 1, control; 2, ischemia; 3, reperfusion; 4, L -carnitine; and 5, NAC groups. In groups 3, 4 and 5, an ischemic period of 3 h was followed by reperfusion for 24 h.

Breast cancer, ovarian gonadoblastoma and cervical cancer in a patient with Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome.

Background: Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome (PJS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by gastrointestinal hamartomatous polyps and mucocutaneous pigmentation. Patients with PJS have increased risk for gastrointestinal, breast, and female genital tract cancers.

Case: Multiple genital tract cancers in a 34-year-old woman with PJS are described.

Protective effects of L-arginine on rat terminal ileum subjected to ischemia/reperfusion.

Objectives: Studies have shown that nitric oxide (NO) may play a major role in sustaining mucosal integrity; however, NO has been also implicated in the pathogenesis of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-related tissue injury. We investigated the effects of L-arginine and NG-nitro L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) on the acetylcholine-induced contractile response of ileum and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH). Histopathological changes were also evaluated in ileal preparations.

Gastroprotective effect of L-carnitine on indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats: a preliminary study.

Background: Numerous studies have shown that use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is associated with various gastric mucosal lesions, collectively referred to as NSAID gastropathy, but the detailed mechanism is still not properly understood. L-carnitine, a vitamin-like substance, is a naturally occurring enzymatic antioxidant with a potent free oxygen radical quencher and scavenger capacity; it protects the biological membranes against lipid peroxidation. It has recently been shown that L-carnitine has a gastroprotective effect on gastric mucosa.