[Effects of recombinant interleukin-2 on several characteristics of functional activity of lymphocytes from the lymph nodes regional to tumor and mononuclear cells of peripheral blood in cancer patients].

The level of endogenous production of IL-2 by lymphocytes of lymph nodes regional to tumour and by mononuclear cells of peripheral blood, proliferative response of these cell to recombinant IL-2, as well as a modifying influence of autologous serum and actively proliferating bioptats of autologous tumours on enumerated parameters have been studied in cancer patients (tumours of the head and neck and locomotor system). Regional IL-2-dependent immunotherapy of malignant tumors with obligatory preliminary testing for individual sensitivity of the tumor bioptat to the influence of the RIL-2 and RIL-2 activated lymphocytes is shown to be promising.

[Evaluation of the effectiveness of regional interleukin-2 dependent adoptive immunocytotherapy of mice with transplanted rhabdomyosarcoma].

Alternative principles of regional IL-2-dependent adoptive immunocytotherapy of malignant tumours are suggested. Regional adoptive immunocytotherapy consists in the administration of the short-term IL-2 treated lymphocytes of the lymph nodes removed from the tumour which have tumour-associated suppressor activity and spleen cells after elimination of cells with the immunosuppressive activity.

[Characteristics of production and sorption of interleukin 2 by lymphoid cells during growth of transplanted sarcoma].

The ability of lymph node and spleen cells to secrete and sorb interleukin-2 (IL-2) during the growth of sarcomas induced by 20-methylcholanthrene is studied. Lymph node cells show an increased level of IL-2 production at early stages of the tumour growth whereas spleen cells produced IL-2 in minimal amounts. A decrease in the IL-2 production by lymph node cells with the tumour growth and a relative increase of IL-2 production in the spleen cell pool are observed.

[Modifying effect of IgE hyperproduction on the proliferative response of lymphocytes from intact mice and mice with transplanted tumors].

It is shown that under conditions of IgE-induced reaction the tumour growth is altered, which may be explained by different degree of expression of functional activities of immunocompetent cells in mice with transplanted tumours and marked immediate-type reaction. Changes in the immunological state manifest in stimulation of the proliferative response primarily to B-cell mitogens under conditions of increased synthesis of IgE, which permits suggesting that under these conditions B-cells play an important role in antitumour immunity.

[Isolation of viable human tumor cells and their characteristics during culturing in diffusion chambers].

Methodical approaches for obtaining the viable tumour cells from solid human tumours are developed. Combination of the short-term enzymatic treatment of the tumour tissue pieces and their gradual rubbing through the metal sieve with the decreasing pore sizes permitted obtaining a large number of isolated tumour cells with the high percentage of viability.

[Effect of interleukin-2 on the growth of malignant soft tissue tumor explants in diffusion chambers].

Interleukin-2 is studied for its effect on proliferation of cultured tumour cells in vivo and on the nature of infiltration of malignant tumours explants of human soft tissues. On the basis of spheroid formation phenomenon and a number of morphological criteria three main types of reaction differing in inhibition or stimulation of the tumour growth, time of formation and the number of spheroids formed, manifestation of lymphocytic infiltration and nature of lymphocytes location on the filter have been distinguished.

[Effect of exogenous interleukin 2 on the functional activity of immunocompetent cells in mice with transplanted tumors].

The use of two independent test-systems (intravenous adoptive transfer of immune response on tumour cells by intact syngenic recipient and mixed cultivation of immunocompetent and tumour cells in diffusion chambers) made it possible to establish that exogenous IL-2 possesses an expressive capacity both to the positive and to the negative modulation of immunological mechanisms during the tumour growth.

[Effect of cyclophosphane on the suppressor activity of spleen cells in mice with transplantable tumors].

The suppressor activity of the splenic cells in the cyclophosphamide (CP)-treated BALB/c mice with transplanted tumours was studied. CP was injected according to three different therapeutic effective schedules. The analysis of non-specific and antigen-specific tumour-associated suppressor activity in the splenic cell adoptive transfer system demonstrated that CP immunomodulating influence depends on the injection schedule.

[Characteristics of cells participating in the adoptive transfer of tumor-associated suppressor activity].

The application of a complex of methods for fractionation of mouse spleen cells with transplanted rhabdomyosarcomas has shown that optimal conditions for adoptive intravenous transfer of the tumour-associated suppressor activity are created under joint injection of the primed macrophages and lymphoid cells of spleen (from animals with the progressively growing tumours) interacting with the macrophages to syngenic recipients.

[Method of assessing the functional activity of tumor-associated suppressor cells].

A relatively simple and easily reproducible method is presented for testing the activity of tumour-associated suppressor cells in the syngeneic system. It includes adoptive transfer and radioactive assay of the inhibition degree of the specific proliferative response to tumour cells of syngeneic recipients.

[Morphological characteristics of tumor tissue explants cultured in diffusion chambers].

With cultivation of explants of different human malignant tumors in diffusion chambers at the same study terms, differences in the ratio of epithelial-like and fibroblast-like cell growth were noticed with marked degeneration changes in one of these cel types, and in the ability to form spheroids from epithelial-like cells. These data are discussed in connection with the optimal time of obtaining the cell material ready for a further cultivation of cell suspensions, with the aim to prepare autovaccines for infection of patients with malignant tumors.

[Antitumor activity of the serum and lymphocytes of C57BL mice in chemical carcinogenesis].

In chemical carcinogenesis induced by methylcholanthrene in mice C57BL the antitumor activity of sera ind lymphocytes are studied, which was assessed by their capacity to inhibit-stimulate spheroid formation by autologous tumor cells. The serum of animals being at the initial stage of the blastomatous process is found to inhibit the formation of spheroids but to reduce the functional activity of lymphocytes, while in the terminal stage of blastoma growth it contributes to the enhancement of tumor growth under direct interaction with cell-targets or indirectly through lymphocytes.

[Functional activity of the lymphocytes of mouse lymph nodes in a system of viral carcinogenesis].

A study was made of the PHA-induced lymphocyte blastransformation (BT), and lymphocyte antitumor activity, using a model of progressive and regressive neoplastic process induced by the Moloney virus in mice BALB/c. The antitumor acitvity of lymphocytes was estimated by their ability to inhibit spheroid production by tumor cells. A lymphocyte BT and their antitumor activity was registered during a progressive growth of the tumor and its restoration as the tumor is regressing.

[Antitumor activity of the lymphocytes of BALB/c and C57BL mice during methylcholanthrene carcinogenesis].

By means of the elaborated by the authors method of inhibition by lymphocytes of spheroids production by tumor cells a quantitative estimation of their antitumor activity is given in mice BALB/c and C57BL in methylcholanthrene carcinogenesis, Lymphoid cells in mice BALB/c proved to be more active functionally than lymphocytes in mice C57BL. Antitumor action of the lymphocytes is high enough at early stages of blastoma development, lymphocytes from remote lymph nodes being mostly active. At terminal stage the effector action of lymphocytes is diminished.

[3-dimensional growth (spheroid formation) of tumor cells in diffusion chambers].

The three-dimension growth -- spheroidoformation of tumor cells of the primary MX-induced sarcoma in mice BALB/c, C57BL, and C3H/Sn, was studied. The tumor cells were cultured on millipore filters of the diffusion chambers implanted into the peritoneal cavity of normal syngeneic mice.

[Use of scanning electron microscopy for studying the intersection of lymphocytes with tumor cells].

With the aid of steroscan microscopy it was found that the state of surface membranes of the cells under study showed a significant change during the interaction of lymphocytes of BALB/C mice--bearers of methylcholantrene-induced sarcoma--with autologous tumour cells. Lymphocytes separated from the autologous tumour cells by a millipore filter formed long cytoplasmic processes which passed through the filter pores and came into close contact with tumour cells. Tumour cells acquired a spherical shape, and became swollen; "openings" appeared in the surface membrane, and this led to cell lysis.