[The Russian consensus on the treatment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma].

The Russian consensus on the treatment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma was prepared by the group of experts consisting of surgeons, interventional radiologists, radiation therapists and oncologists. The purposes of this consensus are clarification and consolidation of opinions of multidisciplinary team on the following issues of management of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: indications for surgical treatment, features of therapeutic tactics for mechanical jaundice, technical aspects of liver resection, prevention of post-resection liver failure, indications for liver resection using transplantation technologies, laparoscopic and robot-assisted liver resection, perioperative systemic chemotherapy, local non-resection/non-radiotherapy methods of treatment, radiotherapy, follow-up and choice of treatment for recurrence.

Halide Complexes of 5,6-Dicyano-2,1,3-Benzoselenadiazole with 1 : 4 Stoichiometry: Cooperativity between Chalcogen and Hydrogen Bonding.

The [M -Hal] (M=the title compound; Hal=Cl, Br, and I) complexes were isolated in the form of salts of [Et N] cation and characterized by XRD, NMR, UV-Vis, DFT, QTAIM, EDD, and EDA. Their stoichiometry is caused by a cooperative interplay of σ-hole-driven chalcogen (ChB) and hydrogen (HB) bondings. In the crystal, [M -Hal] are connected by the π-hole-driven ChB; overall, each [Hal] is six-coordinated.

Tuning Molecular Electron Affinities against Atomic Electronegativities by Spatial Expansion of a π-System.

2,1,3-Benzochalcogenadiazoles C R N E (E/R; E=S, Se, Te; R=H, F, Cl, Br, I) and C H R N E (E/R'; E=S, Se, Te; R=Br, I) are 10π-electron hetarenes. By CV/EPR measurements, DFT calculations, and QTAIM and ELI-D analyses, it is shown that their molecular electron affinities (EAs) increase with decreasing Allen electronegativities and electron affinities of the E and non-hydrogen R (except Cl) atoms. DFT calculations for E/R+e⋅ →[E/R]⋅ electron capture reveal negative ΔG values numerically increasing with increasing atomic numbers of the E and R atoms; positive ΔS has a minor influence.

Acid-Base and Anion Binding Properties of Tetrafluorinated 1,3-Benzodiazole, 1,2,3-Benzotriazole and 2,1,3-Benzoselenadiazole.

The influence of fluorination on the acid-base properties and the capacity of structurally related 6-5 bicyclic compounds - 1,3-benzodiazole 1, 1,2,3-benzotriazole 2 and 2,1,3-benzoselenadiazole 3 to σ-hole interactions, i. e. hydrogen (1 and 2) and chalcogen (3) bondings, is studied experimentally and computationally.

Electrorheological Behavior of Suspensions of Polyimide-Based on the Sodium Salt of 2,5-Diaminobenzenesulfonic Acid.

Electrorheological suspensions (ERS) of polyimide particles with organoelement fragments from the sodium salt of 2,5-diaminobenzene sulfonic acid were obtained for the first time. Their rheological and electrorheological characteristics, their dependence on the parameters of deformation, and the intensity of the external electric field were studied. It was found that the ERS of polyimide particles have a significant electrorheological response.

[Cytological diagnostics of intraoperative peritoneal washes in gastric cancer.].

Diagnosis of peritoneal microcanceromatosis is the most important task allowing to determine treatment strategy for patients with stomach cancer. Laparoscopy combined with peritoneal flushing and subsequent cytological examination should be performed to detect the peritoneal microcanceromatosis at the preoperative stage. The objective of this work was to improve cytological diagnostics of peritoneal washings using immunocytochemical techniques and the cell block method.

3D molecular network and magnetic ordering, formed by multi-dentate magnetic couplers, bis(benzene)chromium(i) and [1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-c][1,2,5]thiadiazolidyl.

The reaction between bis(benzene)chromium(0), Cr0(C6H6)2, and [1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (abbreviated as TDTD) formed single crystals of the 1 : 1 salt, [CrI(C6H6)2]+[TDTD]-. The crystal structure of [Cr(C6H6)2][TDTD] belongs to the monoclinic P21/c space group, and involves a CdSO4-type network (or quartz dual net), which is formed by CHN hydrogen bonds between [Cr(C6H6)2]+ (S = 1/2) and [TDTD]- (S = 1/2). In addition to this network, the two components form an alternating chain crystal with a π-π overlap along the [110] and [11[combining macron]0] directions.

Donor-Acceptor Complexes between 1,2,5-Chalcogenadiazoles (Te, Se, S) and the Pseudohalides CN and XCN (X=O, S, Se, Te).

Donor-acceptor (D-A) complexes between 3,4-dicyano-1,2,5-chalcogenadiazoles [chalcogen=Te (1 a), Se (1 b), S (1 c)] and the pseudohalides CN and XCN (X=O, S, Se, Te) were studied experimentally and theoretically. For 1 a, they were isolated as [K(18-crown-6)][1 a-CN] (2), [K(18-crown-6)][1 a-NCO] (3), [K(18-crown-6)][1 a-SCN] (4), [K(18-crown-6)][1 a-SeCN] (5), and [K][1 a-NCSe] (6) and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV/Vis and NMR spectroscopy, and DFT and QTAIM calculations. For 1 b and 1 c, the complexes were not isolated due to unfavorable thermodynamics.

Phase Diagram of the Sn-As-Ge System.

The paper presents the phase diagram of the Sn-As-Ge system. The diagram of polythermal Sn-GeAs section was constructed using the results of X-ray powder diffraction analysis and differential thermal analysis. We found that in a concentration interval with arsenic content of less than 50 mol%, four-phase peritectic equilibria L + SnAs ∆ GeAs + Sn4As3 (834 ∆) and L + GeAs ∆ Ge + Sn4As3 (821 ∆) are present.

Fused 1,2,3-Thiaselenazoles Synthesized from 1,2,3-Dithiazoles through Selective Chalcogen Exchange.

A new approach to the synthesis of fused 1,2,3-thiaselenazoles-rare five-membered heterocycles that contain two different chalcogens-from the corresponding 1,2,3-dithiazoles and SeO was accomplished by selective exchange of S and Se atoms. The fused carbo- and heterocyclic units were indene, naphthalenone, cyclohexadienone, cyclopentadiene, benzoannulene, and benzoxazine. The molecular structures of two of the thiaselenadiazole products and one of the dithiazole precursors were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.

[CLINICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF INTESTINAL LESIONS IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY SCLEROSING CHOLANGITIS].

Objective: To compare the clinical, endoscopic picture and morphological changes of the intestinal mucosa in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC).

Materials And Methods: 31 patients with PSC (women - 15 men - 16) were included in study group. The diagnosis of ulcerative colitis (UC) was established in 8 patients, Crohn’s disease (CD) - in 5, unclassified colitis (UCC) - in 7, and 11 patients had no clinical and endoscopic signs of IBD.

Synthesis and Properties of the Heterospin (S1 = S2 = (1)/2) Radical-Ion Salt Bis(mesitylene)molybdenum(I) [1,2,5]Thiadiazolo[3,4-c][1,2,5]thiadiazolidyl.

Low-temperature interaction of [1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (1) with MoMes2 (Mes = mesitylene/1,3,5-trimethylbenzene) in tetrahydrofuran gave the heterospin (S1 = S2 = (1)/2) radical-ion salt [MoMes2](+)[1](-) (2) whose structure was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD). The structure revealed alternating layers of the cations and anions with the Mes ligands perpendicular, and the anions tilted by 45°, to the layer plane. At 300 K the effective magnetic moment of 2 is equal to 2.

[Role of transforming growth factor-beta in the development of some liver diseases].

Aim: To investigate the expression of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta1) in the liver tissue of patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), and chronic hepatitis C (CHC).

Materials And Methods: Liver biopsy specimens were histologically and immunohistologically examined in 37 patients with verified liver diseases (12 with AIH, 15 with PBC, and 10 with CHC).

Results: The expression of TGF-beta1 in the non-parenchymal liver cells of the patients with AIH and PBC with liver cirrhosis was statistically significantly higher than in those without the latter (p = 0.

Bis(toluene)chromium(I) [1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-c][1,2,5]thiadiazolidyl and [1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-b]pyrazinidyl: new heterospin (S1 = S2 = ½) radical-ion salts.

Bis(toluene)chromium(0), Cr(0)(η(6)-C7H8)2 (3), readily reduced [1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (1) and [1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-b]pyrazine (2) in a tetrahydrofuran solvent with the formation of heterospin, S1 = S2 = ½, radical-ion salts [3](+)[1](-) (4) and [3](+)[2](-) (5) isolated in high yields. The salts 4 and 5 were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD), solution and solid-state electron paramagnetic resonance, and magnetic susceptibility measurements in the temperature range 2-300 K. Despite the formal similarity of the salts, their crystal structures were very different and, in contrast to 4, in 5 anions were disordered.

[Principles and perspectives of primary biliary cirrhosis therapy].

A survey of existing methods of pathogenetic and symptomatic treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis has been made and it has reviewed prospective directions of its therapy. Is also presents a retrospective analysis of our own data of S-adenosylmethionine (Heptral) in 27 patients PBC receiving UDCA basic therapy. In its application intravenously of 400 mg 2 times daily for 3 weeks showed a reduction in the severity of pruritus, assessed by visual analogue scale, a subjective decrease fatigability and a decrease level of serum bilirubin.

Congestive Heart Failure home monitoring pilot study in urban Denver.

With a growing number of low-income patients developing Congestive Heart Failure in urban Denver, accessible and affordable solutions are needed to provide home management options. A multidisciplinary team evaluated currently available options for telemonitoring and developed a solution for an initial pilot study. This system is currently used in the Denver Metro area (Colorado) for 44 CHF patients.

Interaction of 1,2,5-chalcogenadiazole derivatives with thiophenolate: hypercoordination with formation of interchalcogen bond versus reduction to radical anion.

According to the DFT calculations, [1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (4), [1,2,5]selenadiazolo[3,4-c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (5), 3,4-dicyano-1,2,5-thiadiazole (6), and 3,4-dicyano-1,2,5-selenadiazole (7) have nearly the same positive electron affinity (EA). Under the CV conditions they readily produce long-lived π-delocalized radical anions (π-RAs) characterized by EPR. Whereas 4 and 5 were chemically reduced into the π-RAs with thiophenolate (PhS(-)), 6 did not react and 7 formed a product of hypercoordination at the Se center (9) isolated in the form of the thermally stable salt [K(18-crown-6)][9] (10).

Heterospin pi-heterocyclic radical-anion salt: synthesis, structure, and magnetic properties of decamethylchromocenium [1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-c][1,2,5]thiadiazolidyl.

Decamethylchromocene, Cr(II)(eta(5)-C(5)(CH(3))(5))(2) (2), readily reduced [1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (1) in a tetrahydrofuran solvent at ambient temperature with the formation of radical-anion salt [2](+)[1](-) (3) isolated in 97% yield. The heterospin salt 3 ([2](+), S = 3/2; [1](-), S = 1/2) was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction as well as magnetic susceptibility measurements in the temperature range 2-300 K. The experimental data together with theoretical analysis of the salt's magnetic structure within the CASSCF and spin-unrestricted broken-symmetry (BS) density functional theory (DFT) approaches revealed antiferromagnetic (AF) interactions in the crystalline 3: significant between anions [1](-), weak between cations [2](+), and very weak between [1](-) and [2](+).

Clinical study of combined use of tomudex (raltitrexed) and xeloda (capecitabine) as first-line treatment for patients with metastasizing colorectal cancer.

We studied the efficiency of combined chemotherapy with tomudex and xeloda preparations in patients with metastasizing colorectal cancer. The treatment (240 courses) was effective in 75% patients. Time median before progression was 6.

[Characteristics of perinatal visceral lesions caused by chlamydia trachomatis].

Twenty-three autoptic cases of perinatal chlamydiasis were analyzed. Its etiology was verified by immunofluorescence technique using monoclonal antibodies. The morphological characteristics of visceral lesions are given.

[Molecular epidemiology of rotaviruses circulating among residents of St. Petersburg from 1986 through 1991].

The results of screening of 510 patients with acute gastrointestinal diseases over the period of 1986 to 1991 are presented. Rotaviruses were shown to be the infection agents in 112 (60%) children and 76 (40%) adults. The phoretyping of the isolated strains revealed cocirculation of 17 different phoretypes of rotaviruses: 8 "long" and 9 "short" ones.

[The determination of human IgM rotavirus antibodies in the blood serum by an immunoenzyme method in patients with a rotavirus infection].

Rotavirus infection is one of the infectious diseases which can be verified only by a laboratory assay. That is why elaboration of new methods of the infection serodiagnosis is of great importance. Enzyme-linked immunoassay was worked up for IgM rotavirus antibodies detection in human blood serum.

[The rehabilitation of patients with urethral injuries and their sequelae].

The treatment was conducted for 154 patients aged 3-69 with traumatic rupture of the urethra. Eighteen patients underwent primary suturing, five patients primary delayed repair of the urethra. Urethral patency was achieved in all the cases.