Aim: This study aims to investigate the irrigation dynamics in an immature tooth during positive and negative pressure irrigation using a computational fluid dynamics (CFDs) model.
Materials And Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography scan of the maxillary central incisor with Cvek's stage III root development was used for the reconstruction of the root canal geometry. The computer-aided design models of open (front vent and notched) and closed (side vent [SV]) needles were positioned inside the root canal at two penetration depths, i.