Glycemic status and bone health: investigating the impact of glycosylated hemoglobin on bone density in South Indian adults.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and bone mineral density (BMD) in individuals with varying glycemic statuses, including diabetes, prediabetes, and controls.

Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted in Bengaluru, India, included 336 participants aged 20 to 60. Blood samples were taken to assess fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and lipid profile.

Hypertonic saline in acute decompensated heart failure (HSHF).

Hypertonic saline with high dose furosemide improves refractory heart failure. In this case series of 10 patients of refractory acute decompensated heart failure, effect of HSS with furosemide was compared with furosemide alone. Patients responded to the therapy better, with faster decongestion, without significant adverse effects or worsening renal function.

Development of a Scoring Model to Predict Severe Dengue in Children at Admission in the Emergency Care: An Observational Study.

Objective: Dengue has emerged as the most widely spread mosquito-borne disease, hyperendemic in India. Although severe dengue occurs only in a small proportion of cases, delays in the recognition and management can result in significant morbidity and mortality. Risk stratification of children in the emergency care and identifying those at risk for worsening during hospital stay facilitates optimum utilization of health care resources.

Epidemiological study of hospital acquired acute kidney injury in critically ill and its effect on the survival.

In the intensive care unit (ICU), acute kidney injury (AKI) is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality. Hospital-acquired acute kidney injury (HAAKI) is AKI developing after 48 h. We aimed to study the development of AKI and its associated risk factors.

Non-COVID Admissions to the ICU After COVID Vaccination: A Multicenter Study.

Introduction: The vaccination drive for COVID-19 was launched in India after the authorization of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 (Covishield), an adenoviral vector vaccine, and BBV152 COVID-19 (Covaxin), an inactivated virus vaccine. As stated by the CDC, vaccine-related adverse events can happen. In this study, we aimed to assess the timing of the COVID vaccination and admission diagnosis and their effect on ICU mortality.

The Effect of 8-Week Protein Supplementation with a Simple Exercise Program on Body Composition, Muscle Strength, and Amino Acid OMICS among Healthy Sedentary Indians: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Dietary protein plays a crucial role in the modulation of several physiological processes to sustain health and well-being. There is robust evidence of enhanced muscle protein synthesis, improved physical fitness, body composition, and performance contributed by protein supplementation combined with exercise among trained individuals or athletes. Evidence of the efficacy of such intervention on healthy adults having a sedentary lifestyle is limited.

Early diagnosis of lupus: A possibilty. A multicentric study from SLE Special Interest Group (SIG) of Indian Rheumatology Association (IRA).

Introduction: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) warrants an early diagnosis and prompt management. Delay in diagnosis can result in repeated flares, permanent damage, and even death. There is a large variability in the time taken to diagnose SLE across the world.

Vitamin B12 status and skeletal muscle function among elderly: A literature review and pilot study on the effect of oral vitamin B12 supplementation in improving muscle function.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to understand the role of vitamin B12 supplementation in improving skeletal muscle function among the elderly.

Methods: A literature review in the Medline database was conducted to understand the association between vitamin B12 and muscle function in Section A. In Section B, 28 healthy elderly participants aged ≥60 years were recruited in a cross-sectional design for estimation of plasma vitamin B12 status and assessment of upper limb muscle strength Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) and muscle quality (expressed as MVC/total muscle mass).

Do cardiometabolic risk factors mediate the relationship between body composition and bone mineral content in South Indian children aged 5 to 16 years?

Background/objective: The complex interplay between adiposity, bone health and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) factors is unclear in Indian children. We aimed to investigate the mediating role of number of CMR factors on the relationship between fat % and bone mineral content (BMC) % in South Indian children aged 5-16 years.

Subjects And Methods: Healthy children (n = 317), from India, underwent anthropometric, blood biochemistry, blood pressure, along with body composition and BMC assessments using Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

Development and evaluation of the Indian Sleepiness Scale to assess excessive daytime sleepiness in patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Background: Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), a cardinal symptom of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is assessed using Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Some limitations of ESS include graded responses, inapplicable situations and equal scores for active and passive situations. To overcome these limitations, we developed a novel sleepiness scale and evaluated its performance in patients with OSA.

Nutritional Status and Body Composition at Diagnosis, of South Indian Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL).

Background: Accurate estimation of body composition, particularly, Body Cell Mass (BCM), which is independent of hydration status is important in children with cancer. This study aimed to accurately measure the anthropometry and body composition of children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL) at diagnosis and compare them with healthy children from South India.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in children aged 2 to 8 y with ALL from St.

Nutritional Prescription in ICU Patients: Does it Matter?

Background: The nutritional status of the patients before critical illness and nutrition support given during the critical illness play an important role in the recovery. We aimed to evaluate the nutritional prescription and its effect on ICU mortality.

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted after institutional ethical committee approval (IEC 94/2018, CTRI/2018/06/014625) in a case-mixed (medical and surgical) ICU.

Two by Two Factorial Design using Metformin and Curcumin for Second Primary Head and Neck Cancer Prevention Trial.

Objective: The 2x2 factorial design is an effective method that allows for multiple comparisons, especially in the context of interactions between different interventions, without substantially increasing the required sample size. In view of the considerable preclinical evidence for Curcumin and Metformin in preventing the development and progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), this study describes the protocol of the clinical trial towards applying the drug combination in prevention of second primary tumors.

Methods: We have applied the trial design to a large phase IIB/III double-blind, multi-centric, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial to determine the safety and efficacy of Metformin and Curcumin in the prevention of second primary tumours (SPT) of the aerodigestive tract following treatment of HNSCC (n=1,500) [Clinical Registry of India, CTRI/2018/03/012274].

Estimation of the effect of vaccination in critically ill COVID-19 patients, analysis using propensity score matching.

Background: Vaccination helped in reducing mortality and disease severity due to COVID-19. Some patients can develop breakthrough infections. The effect of vaccination in critically ill patients admitted with breakthrough infections is not well studied.

Exploratory clinical subgroup clustering in systemic sclerosis: Results from the Indian Progressive Systemic Sclerosis Registry.

Objective: To conduct an exploratory cluster analysis of systemic sclerosis patients from the baseline data of the Indian systemic sclerosis registry.

Methods: Patients satisfying American College of Rheumatology-European League Against Rheumatism classification criteria for systemic sclerosis were included. The clusters formed using clinical and immunological parameters were compared.

Dapsone for paediatric chronic immune thrombocytopenia: Short report from a tertiary centre in South India.

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) resolves in most children within 3-12 months of diagnosis. Chronic ITP affects 10%-20% of patients, some of whom require treatment. Several second-line agents are efficacious in this group of patients.

Pattern of disease expression in SLE patients with antiphospholipid antibodies: data from Indian Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Inception cohort (INSPIRE).

Antiphospholipid antibodies (APLA) are present in one-third of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, and they are associated with both criteria and non-criteria manifestations. We studied the prevalence, clinical associations, and impact on mortality of APLA in SLE patients from India. Among the Indian SLE inception cohort (INSPIRE), patients who had data on all five routinely performed APLAs [lupus anticoagulant (LA), IgG and IgM anticardiolipin antibody (aCL) and anti-β2-glycoprotein I(β2GPI)] at enrolment were selected.

Effect of collaborative care intervention on productivity losses among people with comorbid common mental disorders and cardiovascular disease in rural Karnataka.

Introduction: Common mental disorders (CMD) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), common health problems among patients seeking primary healthcare, contribute to high economic productivity losses. Collaborative care programs for CMDs and CVDs have shown improvement in clinical outcomes for both conditions; however, data on productivity outcomes are scarce. Objective: Effect of integrated collaborative care on productivity among people with comorbid CMD and CVD in rural Karnataka primary health clinics.

Comparison of Risk Factors During First and Second Wave of COVID-19 in Patients with Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases (AIRD): Results from KRACC Subset.

Background: The differential influence and outcome of various risk factors on occurrence of COVID-19 among patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRD) during different COVID-19 peaks is underreported.

Aim: To assess the impact and outcome of conventional risk factors, immunosuppressants, and comorbidities on the risk of COVID-19 among AIRD patients during the first two COVID-19 peaks.

Design: Prospective, non-interventional longitudinal cohort study.

Cardiac findings in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: Short term follow up in a large Indian series.

Background: We present a large Indian series of Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. The aim of the study is to present the incidence and pattern of cardiac involvement in children with MIS-C and their short-term follow-up.

Methods And Results: Consecutive 144 children younger than 18 years of age diagnosed with MIS-C referred for cardiac evaluation between June 1 and November 30, 2021, were included and were followed up till February 2022.

Echocardiographic parameters in COVID-19 patients and their association with ICU mortality: a prospective multicenter observational study.

Background: Echocardiography has become an integral part of the management of critically ill patients. It helps to diagnose and treat various conditions. COVID-19 patients can develop cardiac dysfunction.

Comparison of Anthropometry and Body Composition Using Air Displacement Plethysmography in Term Small for Gestational Age and Appropriate for Gestational Age Neonates.

Background: Small for gestational age (SGA) neonates are prone to growth deficits in early life, which may be associated with later life metabolic abnormalities.

Objectives: To compare anthropometry and body composition using air-displacement plethysmography (ADP) in term SGA and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) neonates, and assess if sexual dimorphism existed in estimates of body composition.

Study Design: Cross-sectional analytical study.

The Effect of Soy and Whey Protein Supplementation on Glucose Homeostasis in Healthy Normal Weight Asian Indians.

Milk and legumes are good source of protein foods used to sustain muscle mass, but their effects on postprandial glucose homeostasis and energy metabolism may be different. This is relevant, for example, in the dietetic response to obesity or diabetes, where the intake of high-quality protein is often increased significantly. The objective of this study was to characterize the acute effect of whey and soy protein (15% vs.

Determinants of Kangaroo Mother Care Uptake for Small Babies Along the Health Facility to Community Continuum in Karnataka, India.

Introduction: Kangaroo mother care (KMC) scale-up is a proposed strategy to accelerate reduction in neonatal mortality rates. We aimed to identify determinants of KMC uptake for small babies (less than 2,000 g birth weight) along the health facility to community continuum in Karnataka, India.

Methods: From June 2017 to March 2020, data on characteristics of health facilities and health care workers (HCWs) from 8 purposively selected health facilities were assessed.