Assessment of Barriers and Enablers for Implementing a Population-Based Childhood Cancer Registry in Chennai, India.

Background: Despite most childhood cancer cases being diagnosed in low- and middle-income countries, there is a significant deficit of population-based childhood cancer registries (PBCCRs) in these regions. To address this critical gap, we established India's first dedicated PBCCR in Chennai on October 4, 2022, covering children aged 0-19. This study aims to identify the barriers and enablers to implementing the Chennai PBCCR.

VaxOptiML: leveraging machine learning for accurate prediction of MHC-I and II epitopes for optimized cancer immunotherapy.

Cancer immunotherapy hinges on accurate epitope prediction for advancing vaccine development. VaxOptiML (available at https://vaxoptiml.streamlit.

Smartphone-assisted colorimetric detection of nickel(II) ions using a novel benzothiazole-quinoline dyad in semi-aqueous media.

In this study, we present three different approaches for the colorimetric detection of Ni ions using a specifically designed benzothiazole-quinoline dyad (L) synthesized the Knoevenagel condensation reaction in high yield. The unique properties of L enable a rapid and selective response to Ni ions, making it an ideal probe for practical applications. The probe L shows a pale yellow color under normal conditions.

Cholecystocolonic fistula: an incidental intraoperative discovery managed laparoscopically.

Cholecystoenteric fistula is a rare complication of cholelithiasis, occurring in 3%-5% of patients with cholelithiasis. The symptoms are typically minimal and vague, with either acute or subacute presentations, rarely leading to bowel obstruction, and occasionally manifesting as chronic abdominal pain. In this case, a male patient in his early 30s presented with epigastric and right hypochondrial pain.

Primary Extrapelvic Umbilical Endometriosis Presenting With Cyclical Umbilical Bleeding: A Case Report.

Primary extrapelvic endometriosis is the presence of endometrial tissue in sites outside the uterine cavity in an individual who has had no prior abdominal surgeries. Various theories have been postulated to describe the etiology of endometriosis. Our case study involves a multiparous patient in her late 40s with no prior abdominal surgeries who presented with bleeding from her umbilicus associated with swelling and pain corresponding to her menstrual cycle.

Exploring the role of estrogen and progestins in breast cancer: A genomic approach to diagnosis.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer among women and a major cause of death from cancer. The role of estrogen and progestins, including synthetic hormones like R5020, in the development of BC has been highlighted in numerous studies. In our study, we employed machine learning and advanced bioinformatics to identify genes that could serve as diagnostic markers for BC.

Transcriptomic analysis reveals zinc-mediated virulence and pathogenicity in multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.

Acinetobacter baumannii is a gram-negative bacterium well known for its multidrug resistance and connection to nosocomial infections under ESKAPE pathogens. This opportunistic pathogen is ubiquitously associated with nosocomial infections, posing significant threats within healthcare environments. Its critical clinical symptoms, namely, meningitis, urinary tract infections, bloodstream infections, ventilator-associated pneumonia, and pneumonia, catalyze the imperative demand for innovative therapeutic interventions.

Chronic Tuberculous Osteomyelitis of Cuboid: A Case Report.

Introduction: Tuberculous (TB) osteomyelitis of the foot is a rare entity, often leading to diagnostic challenges due to its atypical presentation and similarity to other foot pathologies.

Case Report: A 19-year-old male presented with persistent pain and discharge in the left foot for 9 months. Despite previous incision and drainage, the condition progressed.

Marine-derived antimicrobial peptide piscidin-1 triggers extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma through reactive oxygen species production and inhibits angiogenesis.

Cancer of the head and neck encompasses a wide range of cancers, including oral and oropharyngeal cancers. Oral cancer is often diagnosed at advanced stages and has a dismal prognosis. Piscidin-1, a marine antimicrobial peptide (AMP) containing approximately 22 amino acids, also exhibits significant anticancer properties.

Chromene-chromene Schiff base as a fluorescent chemosensor for Th and its application in bioimaging of Caenorhabditis elegans.

The manuscript presents the synthesis of a new di-chromene Schiff base (COM-CH) by combining 7-(diethylamino)-2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carbohydrazide and 4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carbaldehyde, and its characterization using various analytical techniques. The probe COM-CH functional group contains a hard donor atom that selectively complexes with Th ions. This report investigated COM-CH's sensing ability towards Th chromogenic and fluorogenic methods in ACN: HO (8:2, v/v) with Th ions.

Recent advances in cardiovascular risk assessment: The added value of non-invasive anatomic imaging.

In 2022, multiple original research studies were conducted highlighting the utility of coronary artery calcium (CAC) imaging in young individuals and provided further evidence for the role of CAC to improve atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk assessment. Mean calcium density was shown to be a more reliable predictor than peak density in risk assessment. Additionally, in light of the ACC/AHA/Multispecialty Chest Pain Guideline's recent elevation of coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) to a Class I (level of evidence A) recommendation as an index diagnostic test for acute or stable chest pain, several studies support the utility of CCTA and guided future directions.

Advancements and hurdles in the development of a vaccine for triple-negative breast cancer: A comprehensive review of multi-omics and immunomics strategies.

Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) presents a significant challenge in oncology due to its aggressive behavior and limited therapeutic options. This review explores the potential of immunotherapy, particularly vaccine-based approaches, in addressing TNBC. It delves into the role of immunoinformatics in creating effective vaccines against TNBC.

Rational design of a multivalent vaccine targeting arthropod-borne viruses using reverse vaccinology strategies.

Viruses transmitted by arthropods, such as Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya, represent substantial worldwide health threats, particularly in countries like India. The lack of approved vaccines and effective antiviral therapies calls for developing innovative strategies to tackle these arboviruses. In this study, we employed immunoinformatics methodologies, incorporating reverse vaccinology, to design a multivalent vaccine targeting the predominant arboviruses.

Silica sources for arsenic mitigation in rice: machine learning-based predictive modeling and risk assessment.

Arsenic (As) is a well-known human carcinogen, and the consumption of rice is the main pathway for the South Asian people. The study evaluated the impact of the amendments involving CaSiO, SiO nanoparticles, silica solubilizing bacteria (SSB), and rice straw compost (RSC) on mitigation of As toxicity in rice. The translocation of As from soil to cooked rice was tracked, and the results showed that RSC and its combination with SSB were the most effective in reducing As loading in rice grain by 53.

Myo-inositol alters the effects of glucose, leptin and insulin on placental palmitic acid and oleic acid metabolism.

Well-regulated placental palmitic acid (PA) and oleic acid (OA) metabolism is vital for optimal placental function and fetal development, but dysregulation occurs with gestational diabetes (GDM). We hypothesized that such dysregulation might arise from increased maternofetal glucose, leptin or insulin concentrations present in GDM, and that dysregulated PA and OA lipid metabolism could be moderated by myo-inositol, a natural polyol and potential GDM intervention. Placental explants from 21 women were incubated with stable isotope-labelled C-PA or C-OA for 48 h.

Increasing maternal age associates with lower placental mRNA expression and acylcarnitines, particularly in overweight women.

Older pregnant women have increased risks of complications including gestational diabetes and stillbirth. Carnitine palmitoyl transferase (CPT) expression declines with age in several tissues and is linked with poorer metabolic health. Mitochondrial CPTs catalyze acylcarnitine synthesis, which facilitates fatty acid oxidization as fuel.

Aggregation-induced Emission Active Naphthalimide Derived Schiff Base for Detecting Cu and Its Applications.

Herein, an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) active Schiff base (NHS) was synthesized by condensing naphthalimide hydrazide with salicylaldehyde. The non-fluorescent solution of NHS in DMSO turned to emissive NHS upon increasing the HEPES fraction in DMSO from 70 to 95%. The UV-Vis absorption and DLS studies supported the self-aggregation of NHS that restricted the intramolecular rotation and activated the ESIPT process.

Ionic Liquid Templated Ordered Hexagonal Mesoporous Iron Phosphate Molecular Sieves: A Highly Effective Heterogeneous Catalysts with Remarkable Selectivity for Phenol Hydroxylation Reaction.

A highly organized hexagonal mesoporous iron phosphate framework structure with the designation HMI-41 was successfully synthesized for the first-time in a reproducible way using imidazolium-based ionic liquid as structure directing agent. The unique templating properties of ionic liquid generated a highly ordered well-crystallized mesoporous matrix having high surface area (445 m  g ), thicker pore wall (2.1 nm) and narrow pore size distribution (3.

Flow Cytometry of Synaptoneurosomes (FCS) Reveals Increased Ribosomal S6 and Calcineurin Proteins in Activated Medial Prefrontal Cortex to Nucleus Accumbens Synapses.

Learning and behavior activate cue-specific patterns of sparsely distributed cells and synapses called ensembles that undergo memory-encoding engram alterations. While Fos is often used to label selectively activated cell bodies and identify neuronal ensembles, there is no comparable endogenous marker to label activated synapses and identify synaptic ensembles. For the purpose of identifying candidate synaptic activity markers, we optimized a flow cytometry of synaptoneurosome (FCS) procedure for assessing protein alterations in activated synapses from male and female rats.

Therapeutic implications of current Janus kinase inhibitors as anti-COVID agents: A review.

Severe cases of COVID-19 are characterized by hyperinflammation induced by cytokine storm, ARDS leading to multiorgan failure and death. JAK-STAT signaling has been implicated in immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 infection under different stages such as viral entry, escaping innate immunity, replication, and subsequent inflammatory processes. Prompted by this fact and prior utilization as an immunomodulatory agent for several autoimmune, allergic, and inflammatory conditions, Jakinibs have been recognized as validated small molecules targeting the rapid release of proinflammatory cytokines, primarily IL-6, and GM-CSF.

Experimental and modelling studies of carbon dioxide capture onto pristine, nitrogen-doped, and activated ordered mesoporous carbons.

The search for suitable materials for carbon dioxide capture and storage has attracted the attention of the scientific community in view of the increased global CO levels and its after-effects. Among the different materials under research, porous carbons and their doped analogues are extensively debated for their ability to store carbon dioxide at high pressures. The present paper examined high-pressure carbon dioxide storage studies of 1-D hexagonal and 3-D cubic ordered mesoporous pristine and N-doped carbons prepared using the nano-casting method.

AhR Mediated Activation of Pro-Inflammatory Response of RAW 264.7 Cells Modulate the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition.

Pulmonary fibrosis, a chronic lung disease caused by progressive deterioration of lung tissue, is generated by several factors including genetic and environmental ones. In response to long-term exposure to environmental stimuli, aberrant tissue repair and epithelial cell-to- mesenchymal cell transition (EMT) trigger the subsequent progression of pulmonary fibrotic diseases. The Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a transcription factor that is activated by ligands providing lung dysfunction when activated by environmental toxins, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.