Differential Regulation of Wingless-Wnt/c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Crosstalk via Oxidative Eustress in Primary and Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Cells.

In the tumor microenvironment (TME), ROS production affects survival, progression, and therapy resistance in colorectal cancer (CRC). HO-mediated oxidative stress can modulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling and metabolic reprogramming of the TME. Currently, it is unclear how mild/moderate oxidative stress (eustress) modulates Wnt/β-catenin/APC and JNK signaling relationships in primary and metastatic CRC cells.

Identification of perineural invasion at imaging staging as a novel potential risk factor in rectal cancer: A case report.

Treatment of rectal cancer has improved over the years thanks to a multidisciplinary approach. A correct staging has a fundamental role for risk stratification and to define the best treatment for each patient. Unfortunately, approximately 30% of patients with locally advanced rectal cancers will experience tumor recurrence.

Infectious Agents Induce Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway Deregulation in Primary Liver Cancers.

Interaction between infectious agents and liver tissue, as well as repeated and extreme biological events beyond adaptive capacities, may result in pathological conditions predisposing people to development of primary liver cancers (PLCs). In adults, PLCs mainly comprise hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Various infectious agents in the hepatic microenvironment can destabilize normal liver cell functions by modulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway components.

Case report of unusual synchronous anal and rectal squamous cell carcinoma: clinical and therapeutic lesson.

Synchronous tumors of the rectum and anus are sporadic. Most cases in the literature are rectal adenocarcinomas with concomitant anal squamous cell carcinoma. To date, only two cases of concomitant squamous cell carcinomas of the rectum and anus are reported, and both were treated with up-front surgery and received abdominoperineal resection with colostomy.

Wingless/It/β-catenin signaling in liver metastasis from colorectal cancer: A focus on biological mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.

The liver is the most common site of metastases in patients with colorectal cancer. Colorectal liver metastases (CRLMs) are the result of molecular mechanisms that involve different cells of the liver microenvironment. The aberrant activation of Wingless/It (Wnt)/β-catenin signals downstream of Wnt ligands initially drives the oncogenic transformation of the colon epithelium, but also the progression of metastatization through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition/mesenchymal-epithelial transition interactions.

Establishment of patient-derived tumor organoids to functionally inform treatment decisions in metastatic colorectal cancer.

Background: Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients tend to have modest benefits from molecularly driven therapeutics. Patient-derived tumor organoids (PDTOs) represent an unmatched model to elucidate tumor resistance to therapy, due to their high capacity to resemble tumor characteristics.

Materials And Methods: We used viable tumor tissue from two cohorts of patients with mCRC, naïve or refractory to treatment, respectively, for generating PDTOs.

Acute esophageal necrosis syndrome. The 2021 update from an Italian survey and personal experience.

Aim: Black esophagus, or acute esophageal necrosis, is a rare entity with multifactorial aetiology. Modern theories suggest a combination of ischemia, compromised mucosa defences and corrosive agent's injury.

Material And Methods: We investigated black esophagus by means of a retrospective review of 26 cases in literature.

Perineural Invasion in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: From Molecules towards Drugs of Clinical Relevance.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is one of the most threatening solid malignancies. Molecular and cellular mediators that activate paracrine signalling also regulate the dynamic interaction between pancreatic cancer cells and nerves. This reciprocal interface leads to perineural invasion (PNI), defined as the ability of cancer cells to invade nerves, similar to vascular and lymphatic metastatic cascade.

SupportiNg operAtive Photographic documentation in ileocolonic CROHN's disease surgery: The SNAPCROHN study.

Background: There are reported variations in the intraoperative management of Crohn's disease. This consensus statement aimed to develop a standardised protocol for photographic documentation of intraoperative findings and critical procedural steps in ileocolonic Crohn's disease surgery.

Methods: Colorectal surgeons with a specialist interest in minimally invasive surgery and inflammatory bowel disease were invited as committee members to develop a survey on the use of photo-documentation in Crohn's disease surgery.

Influence of diabetes mellitus on inflammatory bowel disease course and treatment outcomes. A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) may occur in IBD and influence the disease progression.

Aim: To compare disease course and treatment outcomes in IBD patients with and without DM.

Methods: This is a systematic review with meta-analysis comparing patients with IBD plus DM with patients with IBD only.

BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine is safe in a setting of patients on biologic therapy with inflammatory bowel diseases: a monocentric real-life study.

Objectives: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease were excluded from trials that led to the approval of anti-COVID-19 vaccines and are worthy of real-life studies providing information on the safety of these vaccines in this clinical setting.

Methods: A prospective observational study was performed to estimate BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine local and systemic adverse events (AEs) incidence related to administration in patients with inflammatory bowel disease through a questionnaire administered at the first, second, and third doses. Disease activity by Mayo Partial Score and Harvey-Bradshaw Index was also evaluated.

Ileoanal pouch-related fistulae: A systematic review with meta-analysis on incidence, treatment options and outcomes.

Background: Ileoanal pouch related fistulae (PRF) are a complication of restorative proctocolectomy often requiring repeated surgical interventions and with a high risk of long-term recurrence and pouch failure.

Aims: To assess the incidence of PRF and to report on the outcomes of available surgical treatments.

Methods: A PRISMA-compliant systematic literature search for articles reporting on PRF in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) or familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) from 1985 to 2020.

High complication rate in Crohn's disease surgery following percutaneous drainage of intra-abdominal abscess: a multicentre study.

Introduction: Intra-abdominal abscesses complicating Crohn's disease (CD) present an additional challenge as their presence can contraindicate immunosuppressive treatment whilst emergency surgery is associated with high stoma rate and complications. Treatment options include a conservative approach, percutaneous drainage, and surgical intervention. The current multicentre study audited the short-term outcomes of patients who underwent preoperative radiological drainage of intra-abdominal abscesses up to 6 weeks prior to surgery for ileocolonic CD.

Microsatellite Status Detection in Gastrointestinal Cancers: PCR/NGS Is Mandatory in Negative/Patchy MMR Immunohistochemistry.

Background: Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a predictive biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitors. The main goal was to investigate the discordance between IHC and PCR/NGS for MSI testing in gastrointestinal cancers.

Methods: Two series were analyzed through IHC for mismatch-repair-system proteins (MMRP) and PCR, with one series of 444 colorectal cancers (CRC) and the other of 176 gastric cancers (GC).

Targeting Wnt/β-Catenin Pathways in Primary Liver Tumours: From Microenvironment Signaling to Therapeutic Agents.

Primary liver cancers (PLCs) are steadily increasing in incidence and mortality in the world. They have a poor prognosis due to their silent nature, late discovery and resistance to common chemotherapy. At present, there are limited treatment alternatives, and the understanding of PLC molecular aspects is essential to develop more efficient drugs and therapeutic surgical and loco-regional strategies.

Abdominal versus perineal approach for external rectal prolapse: systematic review with meta-analysis.

Background: External rectal prolapse (ERP) is a debilitating condition in which surgery plays an important role. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of abdominal approaches (AA) and perineal approaches (PA) to ERP.

Methods: This was a PRISMA-compliant systematic review with meta-analysis.

INSPECT: A Retrospective Study to Evaluate Long-term Effectiveness and Safety of Darvadstrocel in Patients With Perianal Fistulizing Crohn's Disease Treated in the ADMIRE-CD Trial.

Background: The efficacy of a single administration of darvadstrocel (expanded allogeneic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells) for treating complex perianal fistulas in patients with Crohn's disease was demonstrated in a randomized, double-blind trial (ADMIRE-CD [Adipose Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Induction of Remission in Perianal Fistulizing Crohn\'s Disease] trial). The current chart review study (INSPECT [A retrospectIve chart review study evaluatINg the longer-term effectiveneSs of darvadstrocel in PatiEnts who CompleTed ADMIRE-CD]) evaluated the longer-term effectiveness and safety of darvadstrocel.

Methods: Eligible patients had completed at least 52 weeks in the ADMIRE-CD trial.

A Case Report on Gallbladder Agenesis: Not a Novelty but Still a Laparoscopic Surprise.

Gallbladder agenesis (GA) is a rare embryological anomaly that presents acute cholecystitis like-symptoms. It is often an incidental finding diagnosed during surgery. We reported a case of GA in a patient who presented with dyspepsia and acute right upper abdomen pain with ultrasonographic signs of acute lithiasic cholecystitis.