Rare Case of Central Pontine Myelinolysis: Etiological Dilemma.

Central nervous system (CNS) involvement in Sjogren's syndrome (SS) has a broad spectrum of presentations. We present a 33-year-old with sudden onset, rapidly progressive quadriplegia, severe dysarthria, bilateral facial palsy, bulbar palsy, and hypernatremia. The MRI of the brain revealed hyperintensity in the central pons diffusion-weighted imaging, T2-weighted imaging, and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) without abnormal contrast enhancement, consistent with central pontine myelinolysis.

Quantitative susceptibility-weighted imaging in predicting disease activity in multiple sclerosis.

Purpose: Repeated use of Gadolinium (Gd) contrast for multiple sclerosis (MS) imaging leads to Gd deposition in brain. We aimed to study the utility of phase values by susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) to assess the iron content in MS lesions to differentiate active and inactive lesions.

Methods: MS persons who underwent MRI were grouped into group 1 with active lesions and group 2 with inactive lesions based on the presence or absence of contrast enhancing lesions.

Arterial spin labeling hyperperfusion in seizures associated with non-ketotic hyperglycaemia: is it merely a post-ictal phenomenon?

A 53-year-old chronic uncontrolled diabetic patient presented with one episode of generalized seizures followed by drowsiness and post-ictal confusion. MR imaging at admission revealed left temporal subcortical T2/FLAIR hypointensities with overlying cortical T2/FLAIR hyperintensities and increased perfusion on arterial spin labeling (ASL). Follow-up imaging at 4- and 8-week interval revealed persistent ASL hyperperfusion with significant resolution of conventional MR imaging findings.

Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping: Technical Considerations and Clinical Applications in Neuroimaging.

Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is a novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique for quantifying the spatial distribution of magnetic susceptibility within an object or tissue. Recently, QSM has been widely used to study various dominant magnetic susceptibility sources in the brain, including iron and calcium. In addition, the method enables mapping of the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen, which could act as a new metabolic biomarker for diseases that involve disruption of the brain's oxygen supply.

Recurring Thalamic Symptoms Due to Intracranial Dural Arteriovenous Fistula: Report of Unusual Case and Treatment Outcome.

Background: Initial clinical presentation of dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) with predominantly thalamic symptoms is rare and has not been reported until now.

Case Description: A young child presenting with complaints of tinnitus and mild right hemiparesis was evaluated with an initial magnetic resonance imaging, which revealed a Borden type 2 DAVF in the right transverse sinus with retrograde venous drainage and cortical venous reflux. Flow-related small aneurysms were also noted in the left basal vein of Rosenthal (BVR).