The diagnostic dilemma of adrenal vascular tumors: analysis of 21 cases and systematic review of the literature.

Purpose: Adrenal vascular tumors are mainly represented by adrenal cavernous hemangiomas (ACHs) and adrenal cystic lymphangiomas (ACLs). Their radiological features often overlap with malignant tumors, therefore ruling out malignancy becomes mandatory. We analyzed clinical, radiological, and histopathological data to identify specific characteristics of these tumors.

Senescent-like microglia limit remyelination through the senescence associated secretory phenotype.

The capacity to regenerate myelin in the central nervous system (CNS) diminishes with age. This decline is particularly evident in multiple sclerosis (MS), which has been suggested to exhibit features of accelerated biological aging. Whether cellular senescence, a hallmark of aging, contributes to remyelination impairment remains unknown.

Longitudinal study of immunity to SARS-CoV2 in ocrelizumab-treated MS patients up to 2 years after COVID-19 vaccination.

Objectives: (1) To plot the trajectory of humoral and cellular immune responses to the primary (two-dose) COVID-19 mRNA series and the third/booster dose in B-cell-depleted multiple sclerosis (MS) patients up to 2 years post-vaccination; (2) to identify predictors of immune responses to vaccination; and (3) to assess the impact of intercurrent COVID-19 infections on SARS CoV-2-specific immunity.

Methods: Sixty ocrelizumab-treated MS patients were enrolled from NYU (New York) and University of Colorado (Anschutz) MS Centers. Samples were collected pre-vaccination, and then 4, 12, 24, and 48 weeks post-primary series, and 4, 12, 24, and 48 weeks post-booster.

Plasma IgG aggregates as biomarkers for multiple sclerosis.

We recently reported that multiple sclerosis (MS) plasma contains IgG aggregates and induces complement-dependent neuronal cytotoxicity (Zhou et al., 2023). Using ELISA, we report herein that plasma IgG levels in the aggregates can be used as biomarkers for MS.

SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination induces an antigen-specific T cell response correlating with plasma interferon-gamma in B cell depleted patients.

Emerging evidence is encouraging and suggests that a substantial proportion of patients without antibody responses (due to anti-CD20 therapy or other etiologies) to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines develop T cell responses. However, antigen-specific T cellular responses are notoriously difficult to assess clinically, given the lack of such assays under satisfactory CAP/CLIA regulation, and the laborious nature of the flow cytometric assessment. To evaluate the ability to apply a clinically feasible assay to measure T cellular responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination, we compared flow cytometric and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based assays in 24 participants treated with anti-CD20 therapy.

Nonlinear Reconstruction of Images from Patterns Generated by Deterministic or Random Optical Masks-Concepts and Review of Research.

Indirect-imaging methods involve at least two steps, namely optical recording and computational reconstruction. The optical-recording process uses an optical modulator that transforms the light from the object into a typical intensity distribution. This distribution is numerically processed to reconstruct the object's image corresponding to different spatial and spectral dimensions.

Computerized tomography texture analysis of pheochromocytoma: relationship with hormonal and histopathological data.

Objectives: Pheochromocytomas are rare tumors which can present with heterogeneous secretion profiles, clinical manifestations, and radiologic appearance. Under a histopathological point of view, they can be characterized as more or less aggressive with the Pheochromocytoma of the Adrenal gland Scaled Score (PASS) and the Grading system for Adrenal Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma (GAPP) score. The aim of this study is to analyze the texture analysis characteristics of pheochromocytoma and identify whether the texture analysis can yield information aiding in the diagnosis and the characterization of those tumors.

Tolerability and Safety of Switching from Rituximab to Ocrelizumab: Evaluating Factors Associated with Infusion Related Reactions.

Background: Ocrelizumab and rituximab are frequently used treatments for multiple sclerosis (MS). Data on switching from rituximab to ocrelizumab is limited.

Objectives: To assess the frequency, severity, and factors of infusion related reactions (IRRs) in patients with MS who switch from rituximab to ocrelizumab, compared to those who stay on rituximab.

Minimally invasive adrenalectomy: a comprehensive systematic review and network meta-analysis of phase II/III randomized clinical controlled trials.

Purpose: The best approach for minimally invasive adrenalectomy is still under debate.

Methods: A systematic search of randomized clinical trials was carried out. A frequentist random-effects network meta-analysis was made reporting the surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA).

Perioperative Management of Pheochromocytoma: From a Dogmatic to a Tailored Approach.

Background: Perioperative management of pheochromocytoma (PCC) remains under debate.

Methods: A bicentric retrospective study was conducted, including all patients who underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy for PCC from 2000 to 2017. Patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 treated with alpha-blockade, and Group 2, without alfa-blockers.

Development and validation of a preoperative "difficulty score" for laparoscopic transabdominal adrenalectomy: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: A difficulty score for laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA) is lacking in the literature. A retrospective cohort study was designed to develop a preoperative "difficulty score" for LA.

Methods: A multicenter study was conducted involving four Italian tertiary centers for adrenal disease.

Simultaneous colorectal and parenchymal-sparing liver resection for advanced colorectal carcinoma with synchronous liver metastases: Between conventional and mini-invasive approaches.

The optimal timing of surgery in case of synchronous presentation of colorectal cancer and liver metastases is still under debate. Staged approach, with initial colorectal resection followed by liver resection (LR), or even the reverse, liver-first approach in specific situations, is traditionally preferred. Simultaneous resections, however, represent an appealing strategy, because may have perioperative risks comparable to staged resections in appropriately selected patients, while avoiding a second surgical procedure.

The learning curve for the second generation of laparoscopic surgeons: lesson learned from a large series of laparoscopic adrenalectomies.

Background: Laparoscopic adrenalectomy has a well-demonstrated learning curve in the first generation of laparoscopic surgeons. Data about the second generation of laparoscopic surgeons are lacking.

Methods: In this retrospective observational study, data from patients undergoing laparoscopic adrenalectomy from 2000 to 2019 in a high-volume center were collected and analyzed.

Radiologically defined lipid-poor adrenal adenomas: histopathological characteristics.

Background: Adrenal lipid-poor adenomas (LPA) are defined by high unenhanced density (≥ 10 HU), and absolute and relative contrast medium washout > 60% and > 40%, respectively, at computerized tomography (CT). To date, no thorough histopathological characterization has been performed in those frequent lesions (one-third of adrenal adenomas). Our aim was to analyze the histopathological characteristics of adrenal LPA.

Sclerosing Angiomatoid Nodular Transformation of the Adrenal Gland: A Case Report of a Novel Histopathological Entity.

The finding of an indeterminate adrenal mass at radiological investigations is a challenge for physicians. Complex diagnostic work-up, periodic follow-up, or surgical intervention are therefore needed to rule out malignant lesions. Tertiary care hospitals are provided with F-fludeoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) and F-dihydroxyphenylalanine (F-DOPA) PET, which aid in the characterization of indeterminate adrenal masses.

Characterization of aminoaciduria and hypoaminoacidemia in dogs with hepatocutaneous syndrome.

OBJECTIVE To characterize aminoaciduria and plasma amino acid concentrations in dogs with hepatocutaneous syndrome (HCS). ANIMALS 20 client-owned dogs of various breeds and ages. PROCEDURES HCS was definitively diagnosed on the basis of liver biopsy specimens (n = 12), gross and histologic appearance of skin lesions (4), and examination of skin and liver biopsy specimens (2) and presumptively diagnosed on the basis of cutaneous lesions with compatible clinicopathologic and hepatic ultrasonographic (honeycomb or Swiss cheese pattern) findings (2).

Open adrenalectomy in the era of laparoscopic surgery: a review.

Open adrenalectomy still plays an important role in adrenal surgery. A review of the current literature has been carried out to discuss the main indication to open adrenalectomy with regards to the main adrenal pathologies. The authors underlined the role of open adrenalectomy on the basis of personal experience and a literature review.

Proinflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases in CSF of patients with VZV vasculopathy.

Objective: To determine the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in the CSF of patients with virologically verified varicella zoster virus (VZV) vasculopathy.

Methods: CSF from 30 patients with virologically verified VZV vasculopathy was analyzed for levels of proinflammatory cytokines and MMPs using the Meso Scale Discovery multiplex ELISA platform. Positive CNS inflammatory disease controls were provided by CSF from 30 patients with multiple sclerosis.

New ethanol and propylene glycol free gel formulations containing a minoxidil-methyl-β-cyclodextrin complex as promising tools for alopecia treatment.

New topical totally aqueous formulations that improve the low water solubility of minoxidil and realize an adequate permeability of drug in the skin are proposed. These formulations are lacking in propylene glycol and alcohol that are the principal irritant ingredients present in minoxidil commercial solutions. In order to enhance poor water solubility of minoxidil randomly methyl-β-cyclodextrin was used, and four hydrogels such as, calcium alginate, sodium alginate, carbopol 934 and hydroxyethylcellulose were utilized to ensure a prolonged time of contact with the scalp.

Chimeric superficial temporal artery based skin and temporal fascia flap plus temporalis muscle flap - An alternative to free flap for suprastructure maxillectomy with external skin defect.

Flaps from temporal region have been used for mid face, orbital and peri-orbital reconstruction. The knowledge of the vascular anatomy of the region helps to dissect and harvest the muscle/fascia/skin/combined tissue flaps from that region depending upon the requirement. Suprastructure maxillectomy defects are usually covered with free flaps to fill the cavity.

Tubular dysfunction after peritonectomy and chemohyperthermic treatment with cisplatin.

Peritoneal carcinomatosis has always been regarded as a contraindication in traditional cancer surgery treatment; however, good results have been reported by using new combined medical-surgical loco-regional techniques. Peritonectomy and chemohyperthermic perfusion with cisplatinum (CIIP) seem to play a central role in obtaining a better survival rate than with the traditional procedures, even though there is a cisplatinum nephrotoxic effect. The aim of this study was to investigate entity and type of renal injury after CIIP.

Synthesis, characterization and reactivity of tetranuclear ruthenium hydrido clusters containing chiral phosphine ligands.

The chiral clusters [H(4)Ru(4)(CO)(12-n)(L)(n)] (n = 1, 2; L = NMDPP), 1,1-[H(4)Ru(4)(CO)(10)(L-L)] (L-L = DUPHOS, DIPAMP), 1,2-[H(4)Ru(4)(CO)(10)(DIOP)] and [{H(4)Ru(4)(CO)(10)(DIOP)}(2)] have been synthesized by derivatizing the parent carbonyl cluster [H(4)Ru(4)(CO)(12)] with the appropriate mono- or didentate chiral phosphine ligand. The phosphine-substituted clusters were found to be able to catalyze the (asymmetric) hydrogenation of tiglic acid albeit with relatively low selectivity (enantiomeric excesses varying from 0 to 23%). It was found that the stability of the chiral ruthenium hydride clusters and the product distribution obtained in the catalytic reactions are dependent on the nature of the chiral phosphine.

Neuromuscolar and vascular hamartoma of the duodenum. A clinical case and review of the literature.

Background And Aims: The NMVH of the intestine is a rare lesion, typical located in the small bowel. After the first 2 cases, reported in 1982, other 12 cases have been described, ten localized in the jejunual or ileal tract, only 1 in the cecum.

Subjects And Methods: A case of NMVH of the duodenum, simulating a Crohns disease, is described.

Cystic lymphangioma of the pancreas: anatomoclinical, diagnostic and therapeutic considerations regarding three personal observations and review of the literature.

Cystic lymphangioma is a very rare pathology and the pancreatic ones represent an exceptional report that must be considered in the differential diagnosis with others and more frequent cystic lesions of the pancreas. In this paper we describe three cases of cystic lymphangiomas of the pancreas observed in our Institute and we report on the literature review. Anatomopathological, clinical and therapeutics aspects of pancreatic cystic lymphangioma were analyzed for a better knowledge of this cystic lesion and to recognize some specific findings that could allow a preoperative diagnosis and, subsequently, a proper treatment.