Effect of photobiomodulation and corticopuncture methods on tooth displacement and gene expression: animal study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Peroxiredoxin 1 (PRX1), glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and type I collagen (COL1) and the rate of tooth movement comparing 3 accelerated tooth movement (ATM) methods: Corticopuncture (CP), photobiomodulation (PBM) and the combined technique (CP + PBM) on days 1, 3, 7 and 14.

Methods: Orthodontic tooth movement was induced in 24 male Wistar rats. CP procedure included three perforations: two in the palate and one mesial to the molars.

Biomodulation of Induced Tooth Movement by Three Methods, Corticopuncture, Photobiomodulation, and Their Combination: An Animal Study.

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of accelerated tooth movement (ATM) methods: corticopuncture (CP), photobiomodulation (PBM), and their combination (CP + PBM) by evaluating tooth displacement, alveolar bone changes, and molecular and cellular response compared with conventional induced tooth movement. Tooth movement and bone changes were evaluated on days 1, 3, and 7 (9 animals per time point) using microtomography, histological, and immunohistochemical evaluation, at compression and tension sites. CP groups received two perforations in the palate and one mesial to the molars.

In vitro effects of photobiomodulation on cell migration and gene expression of ALP, COL-1, RUNX-2, and osterix in cementoblasts.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) on cell migration and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), type I collagen (Col-1), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX-2), and Osterix (OSX) gene expression in a cementoblast culture (OCCM-30), in a microenvironment mimicking an injury on the cementoblast layer, such as it occurs during root resorption. For this, OCCM-30 cells were cultured in 6-well plates and the following parameters were assayed: (1) migration by scratch assay and ALP, Col-1, Runx2, and Osx by real-time PCR. PBM was performed in two protocols using a LED device emitting light at 660 nm (± 30 nm).

Can Collagen Membrane on Bone Graft Interfere with Light Transmission and Influence Tissue Neoformation During Photobiomodulation? A Preliminary Study.

This study qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated the transmission of light through a collagen membrane and the consequent local bone formation in a critical bone defect and in an animal model. Currently, bone substitutes and collagen membranes are used to promote new bone formation; however, when associated with photobiomodulation, biomaterials can act as a barrier, hindering the passage of light radiation to the area to be treated. Light transmittance was evaluated with a power meter and a 100 mW, 808 nm laser source with and without membrane.

Analysis of factors associated with the success of microimplant-assisted rapid palatal expansion.

Introduction: Success-related factors of microimplant-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) were evaluated, including age, palatal depth, suture, and parassutural bone thickness, suture density and maturation, and the relation to corticopuncture (CP) technique, as well as skeletal and dental effects.

Methods: Sixty-six cone-beam computed tomography scans were analyzed before and after rapid maxillary expansion procedures in 33 patients aged 18-52 years for both sexes. The scans were generated in digital imaging and communications in medicine file format and analyzed in the multiplanar reconstruction of the regions of interest.

Assessment of a Biosafety Device to Control Contamination by Airborne Transmission during Orthodontic/Dental Procedures.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, dental professionals have faced high risk of airborne contamination between dentists, staff, and patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of an individual biosafety capsule in dentistry (IBCD) on reducing the dispersion of droplets and aerosols during orthodontic treatment and evaluate the clinician and patient's perception of using the IBCD. For the part of the study, aerosol quantification was performed with and without the IBCD, using a nonpathogenic bacterial strain and viral strain in the reservoir and high-speed dental handpiece.

Photobiomodulation stimulates surrounding bone formation and increases stability of titanium alloy miniscrews in ovariectomized rats.

The number of older individuals (> 60 years) treated in orthodontic dental practice is constantly growing, and osteoporosis is a common disease within this age range. Orthodontic treatment for this group tends to be challenging, often requiring the use of mini-implants. Mini-implants are important accessories in orthodontic treatment that provide solutions to complex cases.

Antimicrobial activity of probiotics against oral pathogens around orthodontic mini-implants: an in vitro study.

Objective: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of five types of non-industrialized and industrialized probiotics on biofilms formed around orthodontic mini-implants. The null hypothesis tested was: there is no difference in the antimicrobial effect between the five types of probiotics tested around orthodontic mini-implants.

Methods: For the experiment, 120 mini-implants were immersed for seven days in Staphylococcus aureus solution for biofilm formation, and were subsequently plated in culture medium containing probiotics.

Would midpalatal suture characteristics help to predict the success rate of miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion?

Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the success or failure of miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) in patients with advanced bone maturation could be related to factors such as midpalatal suture density (MPSD), midpalatal maturation stage (MPSM), midpalatal bone thickness (MBTh), palatal length (PL), expander screw position (ESP), and patient's age.

Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography scans of 25 patients of both sexes, aged 15-37 years (23 ± 7.2), presenting transverse maxillary deficiency and complete skeletal maturation (cervical vertebral maturation stage 5) treated using MARPE were evaluated.

Antimicrobial resistance of bacterial strains in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with and without fixed appliances.

Objectives: To identify microorganisms isolated from patients wearing fixed orthodontic appliances and to evaluate the resistance of isolated bacterial strains to different antimicrobials.

Materials And Methods: Seventeen healthy patients wearing a fixed orthodontic appliance (group 1) and six nonwearers (group 2, control group) were evaluated. The biofilm that formed around the orthodontic brackets was collected, and the samples were then plated in a chromogenic medium (chromIDT, bioMérieux).

Effects of Photobiomodulation on Root Resorption Induced by Orthodontic Tooth Movement and RANKL/OPG Expression in Rats.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation on the repair of induced root resorption (RR) after orthodontic tooth movement. Twenty male rats were used in this study. Forty right and left upper first molars were evaluated and divided into four groups (n = 10): negative control group (NC), no tooth movement or irradiation; positive control group (PC), induced tooth movement and root resorption; conventional treatment group (CT), force was removed after 7 days; and photobiomodulation group (PBM) after force removal molars were irradiated every 48 h for 7 days using GaAlAs diode laser (810 nm).

Assessment of respiratory muscle strength and airflow before and after microimplant-assisted rapid palatal expansion.

Objectives: To assess alterations in respiratory muscle strength and inspiratory and expiratory peak flow, as well as skeletal and dental changes in patients diagnosed with transverse maxillary deficiency before and after microimplant-assisted rapid maxillary expansion (MARPE).

Materials And Methods: Twenty patients (13 female and 7 male) were assessed by respiratory tests in three different periods: T0 initial, T1 immediately after expansion, and T2 after 5 months. Tests included: maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), oral expiratory peak flow, and inspiratory nasal flow.

Corticopuncture Facilitated Microimplant-Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion.

Introduction: Microimplant-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) has been considered an alternative to avoid extensive surgical procedures. In order to obtain skeletal results of MARPE, force should be enough to overcome areas of resistance and the first one that is required to be disrupted is the midpalatal suture, which becomes increasingly interdigitated after adolescence.

Objective: The present study aimed at providing a novel approach using a minimally invasive method called corticopuncture (CP) in association with MARPE illustrated by a case report of a 35-year-old Brazilian female Caucasian patient presenting maxillary transverse deficiency.

Effects of corticopuncture (CP) and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the rate of tooth movement and root resorption in rats using micro-CT evaluation.

The aim of this study was to compare the rate of tooth displacement, quantity of root resorption, and alveolar bone changes in five groups: corticopuncture (CP), low-level laser therapy (LLLT), CP combined with LLLT (CP + LLLT), control (C), and negative control (NC). A total of 60 half-maxilla from 30 male Wistar rats (10 weeks old) were divided randomly into five groups: three (CP, LLLT, and CP + LLLT) test groups with different stimulation for accelerated-tooth-movement (ATM), one control (C) group, and one negative control (NC) group with no tooth movement. Nickel-titanium coil springs with 50 g of force were tied from the upper left and right first molars to micro-implants placed behind the maxillary incisors.

Low-level laser therapy stimulates bone metabolism and inhibits root resorption during tooth movement in a rodent model.

This study evaluated the biological effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on bone remodeling, tooth displacement and root resorption, occurred during the orthodontic tooth movement. Upper first molars of a total of sixty-eight male rats were subjected to orthodontic tooth movement and euthanized on days 3, 6, 9, 14 and 21 days and divided as negative control, control and LLLT group. Tooth displacement and histomorphometric analysis were performed in all animals; scanning electron microscopy analysis was done on days 3, 6 and 9, as well as the immunohistochemistry analysis of RANKL/OPG and TRAP markers.

Miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expander (MARPE): the quest for pure orthopedic movement.

The midpalatal suture has bone margins with thick connective tissue interposed between them, and it does not represent the fusion of maxillary palatal processes only, but also the fusion of palatal processes of the jaws and horizontal osseous laminae of palatal bones. Changing it implies affecting neighboring areas. It has got three segments that should be considered by all clinical analyses, whether therapeutic or experimental: the anterior segment (before the incisive foramen, or intermaxillary segment), the middle segment (from the incisive foramen to the suture transversal to the palatal bone ) and the posterior segment (after the suture transversal to the palatal bone ).

Effects of low-intensity laser therapy over mini-implants success rate in pigs.

The success rate of miniscrews when used as temporary orthodontic anchorage is relatively high, but some factors could affect its clinical success such as inflammation around the miniscrew. Low-intensity laser therapy has been widely used for biostimulation of tissue and wound healing specially for its anti-inflammatory effects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of low-intensity laser therapy over the miniscrew success rate.

Camouflage treatment of severe bialveolar protrusion in skeletal Class II using miniscrew anchorage.

The aim of this case report was to demonstrate the efficient use of miniscrew as anchorage in a 12-year-old male patient with skeletal and dental Class II and severe biprotrusion and lips procumbency. It was proposed a compensating orthodontic treatment with 4 premolar extraction and maximum anchorage. Since the patient abandoned treatment after one premolar extraction, loss of anchorage occurred and treatment plan was modified to maximize lower retraction with miniscrew anchorage and distalization of the upper arch using two methods: Class II elastics from lower miniscrews to the sliding jig and modified transpalatal arch using palatal miniscrew.

Management of mouth opening in patients with temporomandibular disorders through low-level laser therapy and transcutaneous electrical neural stimulation.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and transcutaneous electrical neural stimulation (TENS) on the improvement of mouth opening in patients with temporomandibular disorder (TMD).

Background Data: TMDs are conditions that affect the form and/or function of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), masticatory muscles, and dental apparatus. Often TMD is associated with pain localized in the TMJ and/or in the muscles of the face and neck.