Nanomaterials in the environment and their pragmatic voyage at various trophic levels in an ecosystem.

In the development of nanotechnology, nanomaterials (NMs) have a huge credential in advancing the existing follow-ups of analytical and diagnosis techniques, drug designing, agricultural science, electronics, cosmetics, sports, textiles and water purification. However, NMs have also grasped attention of researchers onto their toxicity. In the present review, initially the development of notable NMs such as metal and metal-oxide nanoparticles (NPs), magnetic NPs, carbon-based NMs and quantum dots intended to be commercialized along with their applications are discussed.

Influence of Long Non-Coding RNA in the Regulation of Cancer Stem Cell Signaling Pathways.

Over the past two decades, cancer stem cells (CSCs) have emerged as an immensely studied and experimental topic, however a wide range of questions concerning the topic still remain unanswered; in particular, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of tumor stem cells and their characteristics. Understanding the cancer stem-cell signaling pathways may pave the way towards a better comprehension of these mechanisms. Signaling pathways such as WNT, STAT, Hedgehog, NOTCH, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, TGF-β, and NF-κB are responsible not only for modulating various features of CSCs but also their microenvironments.

Bacterial sialoglycosidases in Virulence and Pathogenesis.

Human oral microbiome and dysbiotic infections have been recently evidently identified. One of the major reasons for such dysbiosis is impairment of the immune system. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the tissues that surround and support the teeth.

In silico analysis, molecular cloning, expression and characterization of l-asparaginase gene from DSM 20016.

l-Asparaginase is employed in leukaemic treatment and in processing starchy foods. The in silico analysis of DSM 20016 reveals the presence of an l-asparaginase gene with theoretical pI value of 4.99.

Expression and characterization of alkaline protease from the metagenomic library of tannery activated sludge.

Metagenomics has the potential to facilitate the discovery of novel enzymes; however, to date, only a few alkaline proteases have been characterized from environmentally-sourced DNA. We report the identification and characterization of an alkaline serine protease designated as Prt1A from the metagenomic library of tannery activated sludge. Sequence analysis revealed that Prt1A is closely related to S8A family subtilisins with a catalytic triad of Asp, His and Ser.

Direct utilization of waste water algal biomass for ethanol production by cellulolytic Clostridium phytofermentans DSM1183.

Direct bioconversion of waste water algal biomass into ethanol using Clostridium phytofermentans DSM1183 was demonstrated in this study. Fermentation of 2% (w/v) autoclaved algal biomass produced ethanol concentration of 0.52 g L(-1) (solvent yield of 0.