Determinants promoting and hindering physical activity in primary school children in Germany: a qualitative study with students, teachers and parents.

Background: Determinants affecting children's physical activity (PA) at an early age are of particular interest to develop and strengthen strategies for increasing the levels of children's PA. A qualitative study was conducted to investigate the views of primary school-aged children, their teachers and parents regarding barriers and facilitators to engage in PA.

Methods: Focus groups were conducted separately with primary school children, parents and teachers in a city in Northern Germany between October 2021 and January 2022.

Protocol for isolating and processing mouse sciatic nerve fibers for confocal immunohistochemistry.

Many motor and neurodegenerative diseases affect the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The myelinated axons in the sciatic nerves offer valuable insights into the pathology of these diseases. Here, we present a protocol for isolating and processing mouse sciatic nerves for confocal immunohistochemistry.

Mouse models of human CNTNAP1-associated congenital hypomyelinating neuropathy and genetic restoration of murine neurological deficits.

The Contactin-associated protein 1 (Cntnap1) mouse mutants fail to establish proper axonal domains in myelinated axons. Human CNTNAP1 mutations are linked to hypomyelinating neuropathy-3, which causes severe neurological deficits. To understand the human neuropathology and to model human CNTNAP1 and CNTNAP1 mutations, we generated Cntnap1 and Cntnap1 mouse mutants, respectively.

Use of a toolbox of tailored evidence-based interventions to improve children's physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness in primary schools: results of the ACTIPROS cluster-randomized feasibility trial.

Background: School-based physical activity (PA) promotion is usually conducted by providing one specific intervention. In contrast, the ACTIvity PROmotion via Schools (ACTIPROS) toolbox provides a set of twelve evidence-based PA interventions serving different domains of the Health Promoting Schools framework that primary schools can select according to their requirements. In this study, we tested the feasibility of the toolbox approach in primary schools.

How to select interventions for promoting physical activity in schools? Combining preferences of stakeholders and scientists.

Background: The failure to scale-up and implement physical activity (PA) interventions in real world contexts, which were previously successful under controlled conditions, may be attributed to the different criteria of stakeholders and scientists in the selection process of available interventions. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate and compare the criteria applied by local stakeholders and scientists for selecting amongst suitable school-based PA interventions for implementation.

Methods: We conducted a three-round repeated survey Delphi study with local stakeholders (n = 7; Bremen, Germany) and international scientific PA experts (n = 6).

Past, Present, and Future Labor Market Participation Among Patients Admitted to Hospital With Concurrent Substance Use and Mental Health Disorder, and What We Can Learn From It.

Objective: The aim of the study is to investigate the labor market participation of patients with concurrent substance use and mental health disorder before treatment, as well as the strength of the barriers to re-enter the labor market.

Methods: The study population is composed of individuals with concurrent substance use and mental health disorder at a psychiatric unit in 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011, and 2016. The number of self-supported years 20 years back in time, as well as present and subsequent employment, was calculated.

Occupational risk of COVID-19 related hospital admission in Denmark 2020-2021: a follow-up study.

Objective: Mounting evidence indicates increased risk of COVID-19 among healthcare personnel, but the evidence on risks in other occupations is limited. In this study, we quantify the occupational risk of COVID-19-related hospital admission in Denmark during 2020-2021.

Methods: The source population included 2.

Occupational risk of COVID-19 across pandemic waves: a two-year national follow-up study of hospital admissions.

Objective: Assuming that preventive measures to mitigate viral transmission of SARS-CoV-2 at the workplace may have been improved in the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, we examined the occupational risk of COVID-19 related hospital admission across the four pandemic waves in Denmark between week 8, 2020, and week 50, 2021.

Methods: The study included 4416 cases of COVID-19 related hospital admissions among 2.4 million Danish employees aged 20-69 with follow-up in 2020 through 2021.

A scoping review on characteristics of school-based interventions to promote physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness among 6- to 10-year-old children.

Physical inactivity, a leading cause of mortality, tracks from childhood to adulthood. Effective interventions to promote physical activity (PA) at a young age are therefore needed. The aim of this scoping review was to provide an overview of school-based interventions for the promotion of PA, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and the reduction of sedentary behaviours (SB) among six- to ten-year-old school children, and map these interventions to the WHO Health Promoting Schools framework.

Farnesol induces protection against murine CNS inflammatory demyelination and modifies gut microbiome.

Farnesol is a 15‑carbon organic isoprenol synthesized by plants and mammals with anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective activities. We sought to determine whether farnesol treatment would result in protection against murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a well-established model of multiple sclerosis (MS). We compared disease progression and severity in C57BL/6 mice treated orally with 100 mg/kg/day farnesol solubilized in corn oil to corn-oil treated and untreated EAE mice.

Hemodynamically stable oliguric patients usually do not respond to fluid challenge.

Objective: To evaluate renal responsiveness in oliguric critically ill patients after a fluid challenge.

Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study in one university intensive care unit. Patients with urine output < 0.

A telephone-based surgical transitional care program with improved patient satisfaction scores and fiscal neutrality.

Background: Limited data exist regarding the downstream effects of surgical transitional care programs. We explored the impact of such programs on patient satisfaction and fiscal metrics.

Methods: A telephone-based surgical transitional care program enrolled patients undergoing complex abdominal surgery between 2015 to 2017.

Protocol for a scoping review to identify and map intervention components of existing school-based interventions for the promotion of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness among school children aged 6-10 years old.

Introduction: Physical inactivity is known as a leading cause of mortality and tracks from childhood to adulthood. Many types of school-based single-component and multicomponent interventions to promote physical activity (PA) have been undertaken and evaluated, with mixed findings overall. Enlarging the intervention areas beyond the school setting is a promising approach.

Adaptation and Implementation of a Transitional Care Protocol for Patients Undergoing Complex Abdominal Surgery.

Background: Transitional care protocols are effective at reducing readmission for medical patients, yet no evidence-based protocols exist for surgical patients. A transitional care protocol was adapted to meet the needs of patients discharged to home after major abdominal surgery.

Approach: The Coordinated-Transitional Care (C-TraC) protocol, initially designed for medical patients, was used as the initial framework for the development of a surgery-specific protocol (sC-TraC).

The effect on work ability of a tailored ergonomic learning program.

Background: The physical working conditions and the musculoskeletal health of industrial workers have an effect on their work ability.

Objective: The paper evaluates the effectiveness of an ergonomic learning program focused on the development of low strain working techniques. The project is evaluated in regard to its capacity to improve and sustain the work ability of industrial workers with high physical work demands.

The interactions between pain, pain-related fear of movement and productivity.

Background: Employees with physically heavy work have an increased risk of musculoskeletal disorders leading to reduced work ability.

Aims: To investigate if a high level of musculoskeletal pain or pain-related fear of movement was associated with low productivity among employees with physically heavy work and differing work ability levels.

Methods: The study was conducted at a Danish production site and employees with physically heavy work in the production line were included in the study.

Does muscle strength predict future musculoskeletal disorders and sickness absence?

Background: High muscle strength is considered relevant for preventing musculoskeletal disorders and long-term sickness absence. However, prospective studies on the association between muscle strength and future musculoskeletal disorders and long-term sickness absence are few and show contrasting results.

Aims: To investigate the association between low muscle strength and future musculoskeletal disorders and long-term sickness absence.

Predicting long-term sickness absence and early retirement pension from self-reported work ability.

Objective: The aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between self-reported work ability and long-term term of sickness absence or early retirement from the labour market.

Methods: Data on work ability were retrieved from a representative cohort study of Danish wage earners and linked with a register of social payment transfers. In all, 4.

Pathways into receiving a prescription for diamorphine (heroin) for the treatment of opiate dependence in the United kingdom.

In the UK, few doctors prescribe diamorphine for the treatment of opiate dependence to a small number of patients. A retrospective case note review of patients receiving diamorphine in 2000 was conducted in the UK to determine how and why these patients came to receive a prescription for diamorphine. Patient eligibility criteria were examined together with doctors' stated reasons for initiating a diamorphine (heroin) prescription.

Patients receiving a prescription for diamorphine (heroin) in the United Kingdom.

The United Kingdom is unusual internationally in that it is one of few countries able to prescribe diamorphine for the treatment of opiate dependence. Prescribing diamorphine has been part of the UK response to drug problems since the 1920s. Despite this, little is known about who receives diamorphine and how treatment is delivered.

High-fat petrolatum-based moisturizers and prevention of work-related skin problems in wet-work occupations.

The study presented is a randomized, controlled intervention study with the purpose of implementing an evidence-based skin disease prevention programme. The hypothesis explored in this article is whether a high-fat petrolatum-based moisturizer can be an alternative to protective gloves in wet-work occupations. The study population was all gut cleaners in Danish swine slaughterhouses, and data were collected by telephone interviews using a standardized questionnaire - The Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire (NOSQ-2002).

Prescription of diamorphine, dipipanone and cocaine in England and Wales.

The vast majority of substitute prescribing to opiate addicts in England and Wales is of oral methadone. The prescription of diamorphine, dipipanone and cocaine to addicts is allowed subject to the 1971 Misuse of Drugs Act. Prescription of these drugs has aroused international interest and controversy in the United Kingdom although research is scanty.

Neuromuscular assessment in elderly workers with and without work related shoulder/neck trouble: the NEW-study design and physiological findings.

Musculoskeletal disorders in the neck and shoulder area are a major occupational concern in the European countries especially among elderly females. The aim was to assess these disorders based on quantitative EMG indicators and functional tests. 252 female computer users (45-68 years) were recruited from four European countries in two contrast groups: (1) 88 neck/shoulder (NS) cases reporting trouble in the neck and/or shoulder region for more than 30 days during the last year, and (2) 164 NS-controls reporting such trouble for no more than 7 days.

A study of the implementation process of an intervention to prevent work-related skin problems in wet-work occupations.

Objectives: The objective of the present implementation study is to document how an intervention to reduce work-related skin problems by means of implementing an evidence-based skin protection programme in six gut-cleaning departments in swine slaughterhouses was understood, accepted and carried out. The association between the degree of implementation and the reduction of work-related skin problems in each department is examined. The intervention included a top-down strategy with establishment of a management system focusing on skin risks and a bottom-up strategy with participation of a selected group of shop floor workers and the safety representative, as change agents, as well as an empowerment-based educational programme, where the middle management and representatives from the top management also participated.

Implementation of an occupational skin disease prevention programme in Danish cheese dairies.

The purpose of this study was to implement an evidence-based prevention programme to reduce occupational skin diseases in a wet work occupation by educational activities and elements from an occupational health-management system. The effects were studied by telephone interviews using a standardized questionnaire (NOSQ-2002) with trade-modified questions on work and exposure. The study population consisted of all employees at 5 cheese dairies.