The Prognostic Value of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio for Small Renal Cell Carcinomas after Image-Guided Cryoablation or Radio-Frequency Ablation.

There is a lack of cheap and effective biomarkers for the prediction of renal cancer outcomes post-image-guided ablation. This is a retrospective study of patients with localised small renal cell cancer (T1a or T1b) undergoing cryoablation or radiofrequency ablation (RFA) at our institution from 2003 to 2016. A total of 203 patients were included in the analysis.

Long-term outcomes of image-guided ablation and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for T1 renal cell carcinoma.

Objective: To compare long-term outcomes and peri-operative outcomes of image-guided ablation (IGA) and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN).

Material And Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of localised RCC (T1a/bN0M0) patients undergoing cryoablation (CRYO), radio-frequency ablation (RFA), or LPN at our institution from 2003 to 2016. Oncological outcomes were compared using Cox regression and log-rank analysis.

Expanding the clinicopathological spectrum of succinate dehydrogenase-deficient renal cell carcinoma with a focus on variant morphologies: a study of 62 new tumors in 59 patients.

Most succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)-deficient renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) demonstrate stereotypical morphology characterized by bland eosinophilic cells with frequent intracytoplasmic inclusions. However, variant morphologic features have been increasingly recognized. We therefore sought to investigate the incidence and characteristics of SDH-deficient RCC with variant morphologies.

Multimodal image-guided ablation on management of renal cancer in Von-Hippel-Lindau syndrome patients from 2004 to 2021 at a specialist centre: A longitudinal observational study.

Objectives: To analyse the safety, technical feasibility, long-term renal function and oncological outcome of multimodal technologies in image-guided ablation (IGA) for renal cancer in Von-Hippel-Lindau (VHL) patients, and to evaluate factors that may influence the outcome.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of a prospective database of VHL patients who underwent IGA at a specialist centre. Patient's demographics, treatment energy, peri-operative outcome and oncological outcomes were recorded.

Iatrogenic ureteric stricture post image guided renal cryoablation in a patient with von hippel-lindau syndrome.

A 53-year-old lady is known to have Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome with a long history of previous renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) in both kidneys. She was treated by partial nephrectomy for a right peripheral RCC and subsequently image guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of a left central RCC. She developed another de novo RCC adjacent to the right pelvic-ureteric junction (PUJ) 4 years after the initial RFA.

Irreversible electroporation (IRE) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC): a mid-term clinical experience.

Objectives: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of CT-guided IRE of clinical T1a (cT1a) renal tumours close to vital structures and to assess factors that may influence the technical success and early oncological durability.

Methods: CT-guided IRE (2015-2020) was prospectively evaluated. Patients' demographics, technical details/success, Clavien-Dindo (CD) classification of complications (I-V) and oncological outcome were collated.

Urinothorax following percutaneous image-guided renal cryoablation.

A 69-year-old lady with 2 renal cell carcinomas, one sited at the upper pole of her solitary right kidney, underwent percutaneous image-guided cryoablation and developed urinothorax as a complication. This was diagnosed from pleural fluid analysis and radiology imaging with computed tomography (CT). Management included image-guided chest drain and retrograde ureteric stent insertion to divert the urine from entering the pleural cavity.

Dysregulation at multiple points of the kynurenine pathway is a ubiquitous feature of renal cancer: implications for tumour immune evasion.

Background: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), the first step in the kynurenine pathway (KP), is upregulated in some cancers and represents an attractive therapeutic target given its role in tumour immune evasion. However, the recent failure of an IDO inhibitor in a late phase trial raises questions about this strategy.

Methods: Matched renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and normal kidney tissues were subject to proteomic profiling.

The ProtecT trial: analysis of the patient cohort, baseline risk stratification and disease progression.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that the baseline clinico-pathological features of the men with localized prostate cancer (PCa) included in the ProtecT (Prostate Testing for Cancer and Treatment) trial who progressed (n = 198) at a 10-year median follow-up were different from those of men with stable disease (n = 1409).

Patients And Methods: We stratified the study participants at baseline according to risk of progression using clinical disease stage, pathological grade and PSA level, using Cox proportional hazard models.

Results: The findings showed that 34% of participants (n = 505) had intermediate- or high-risk PCa, and 66% (n = 973) had low-risk PCa.

UK Multicenter Prospective Evaluation of the Leibovich Score in Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma: Performance has Altered Over Time.

Objective: To examine changes in outcome by the Leibovich score using contemporary and historic cohorts of patients presenting with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) PATIENTS AND METHODS: Prospective observational multicenter cohort study, recruiting patients with suspected newly diagnosed RCC. A historical cohort of patients was examined for comparison. Metastasis-free survival (MFS) formed the primary outcome measure.

MRE11 as a Predictive Biomarker of Outcome After Radiation Therapy in Bladder Cancer.

Purpose: Organ-confined muscle-invasive bladder cancer is treated with cystectomy or bladder preservation techniques, including radiation therapy. There are currently no biomarkers to inform management decisions and aid patient choice. Previously we showed high levels of MRE11 protein, assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC), predicted outcome after radiation therapy, but not cystectomy.

Harnessing citizen science through mobile phone technology to screen for immunohistochemical biomarkers in bladder cancer.

Background: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is often used in personalisation of cancer treatments. Analysis of large data sets to uncover predictive biomarkers by specialists can be enormously time-consuming. Here we investigated crowdsourcing as a means of reliably analysing immunostained cancer samples to discover biomarkers predictive of cancer survival.

Bacteraemia during Transurethral Resection of the Prostate: What Are the Risk Factors and Is It More Common than We Think?

The aim of this work was to investigate the microbial causes, incidence, duration, risk factors and clinical implications of bacteraemia occurring during transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) surgery to better inform prophylaxis strategies. An ethically approved, prospective, cohort study of patients undergoing TURP was conducted. Clinical information and follow-up details were collected using standardized data collection sheets.

Yolk sac tumor of the seminal vesicles: A rare malignant cause of hematospermia.

Extra-gonadal yolk sac tumors (YSTs) are rare and generally associated with poor outcomes. Involvement of the seminal vesicles is extremely rare with only one previously described case. We report a case of a primary YST of the seminal vesicles and discuss the management strategy.

The accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in predicting the invasion of the tunica albuginea and the urethra during the primary staging of penile cancer.

Objectives: To assess the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in predicting invasion of the tunica albuginea (TA) and the urethra during the primary staging of penile cancer.

Patients And Methods: In all, 104 consecutive patients with clinical T1-T3 penile cancer had a penile MRI as a part of local staging protocol. An artificial erection was induced before MRI by injecting alprostadil (prostaglandin E1 ).

Gleason drift in the NIHR ProtecT study.

Aims: There is increasing evidence of Gleason score (GS) drift in prostatic core biopsies during the last two decades. The ProtecT study is a randomized controlled study and provides an excellent cohort to study the effect of time, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, perineural invasion, tumour length and age on GS.

Methods And Results: The ProtecT study recruited men in the United Kingdom between 1999 and 2010.

Post-transcriptional regulation of MRE11 expression in muscle-invasive bladder tumours.

Predictive assays are needed to help optimise treatment in muscle-invasive bladder cancer, where patients can be treated by either cystectomy or radical radiotherapy. Our finding that low tumour MRE11 expression is predictive of poor response to radiotherapy but not cystectomy was recently independently validated. Here we investigated further the mechanism underlying low MRE11 expression seen in poorly-responding patients.

Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the renal pelvis: Pathological and therapeutic implications.

A 75-year-old woman presented with a presumed urothelial carcinoma of the right renal pelvis. A radical nephroureterectomy was carried out and histological analysis of the specimen revealed lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma. This is the seventh reported case of this normally nasopharyngeal tumour found in the renal pelvis.

MRE11 expression is predictive of cause-specific survival following radical radiotherapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Radical radiotherapy and surgery achieve similar cure rates in muscle-invasive bladder cancer, but the choice of which treatment would be most beneficial cannot currently be predicted for individual patients. The primary aim of this study was to assess whether expression of any of a panel of DNA damage signaling proteins in tumor samples taken before irradiation could be used as a predictive marker of radiotherapy response, or rather was prognostic. Protein expression of MRE11, RAD50, NBS1, ATM, and H2AX was studied by immunohistochemistry in pretreatment tumor specimens from two cohorts of bladder cancer patients (validation cohort prospectively acquired) treated with radical radiotherapy and one cohort of cystectomy patients.

Leiomyosarcoma of the spermatic cord: case report and literature review.

A 51-year-old man presented with a 2-year history of painless lump in the left hemiscrotum. Scrotal examination demonstrated a 3-cm, firm-to-hard mass attached to the left spermatic cord. Scrotal ultrasound scan revealed a heterogeneous mass separate from the left testis and epididymis.