Variation in nutritional therapy practices: results of a survey on nutritional management of severe inflammatory bowel disease.

Objectives: The optimal nutritional management during a severe flare of inflammatory bowel disease is uncertain. The goal of this study was to describe variations in nutritional practices between different countries, professions and types of hospitals, as well as between ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD).

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a novel questionnaire was distributed in the ECCO Congress 2022 and via ECCO country representatives.

Mechanisms of mucosal healing: treating inflammatory bowel disease without immunosuppression?

Almost all currently available treatments for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) act by inhibiting inflammation, often blocking specific inflammatory molecules. However, given the infectious and neoplastic disease burden associated with chronic immunosuppressive therapy, the goal of attaining mucosal healing without immunosuppression is attractive. The absence of treatments that directly promote mucosal healing and regeneration in IBD could be linked to the lack of understanding of the underlying pathways.

The spatial transcriptomic landscape of the healing mouse intestine following damage.

The intestinal barrier is composed of a complex cell network defining highly compartmentalized and specialized structures. Here, we use spatial transcriptomics to define how the transcriptomic landscape is spatially organized in the steady state and healing murine colon. At steady state conditions, we demonstrate a previously unappreciated molecular regionalization of the colon, which dramatically changes during mucosal healing.

Immunological Networks Defining the Heterogeneity of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.

Current practice in IBD is to classify patients based on clinical signs and symptoms and provide treatments accordingly. However, the response of IBD patients to available treatments is highly variable, highlighting clinically significant heterogeneity among patients. Thus, more accurate patient stratification is urgently needed to more effectively target therapeutic interventions to specific patients.

Country variations in family members' informal pressure to drink less.

The paper examines how family members in 18 countries attempt to influence each other to drink less. Data come from the GENACIS (Gender, Alcohol and Culture: an International Study) dataset. Countries included were Argentina, Costa Rica, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, India, Japan, Nigeria, Norway, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Uganda, UK and Uruguay (overall sample 44,115).

Medical net cost of low alcohol consumption - a cause to reconsider improved health as the link between alcohol and wage?

Background: Studies have found a positive effect of low/moderate alcohol consumption on wages. This has often been explained by referring to epidemiological research showing that alcohol has protective effects on certain diseases, i.e.

Criticism of drinking as informal social control: a study in 18 countries.

The focus of this paper is on informal control of drinking, indicated by criticism of people in the social network on someone's alcohol consumption. It studies country and gender differences in the extent drinkers suffering from typical symptoms of heavy or prolonged alcohol use report informal control from others (reactive informal control), and country and gender differences in the extent comments on someone's drinking are (also) directed at those who do not suffer from these symptoms (pro-active informal control). The data come from eighteen general population surveys, selected from an integrated dataset on drinking and drinking-related factors including more than 35 countries.

Informal social control of drinking in intimate relationships - a comparative analysis.

A number of studies have shown that pressure from others is an important element in decision making concerning entering treatment and that the pressure most often comes from one's partner. Is has also been found that, besides actual drinking habits, togetherness of drinking, i.e.

The societal cost of alcohol consumption: an estimation of the economic and human cost including health effects in Sweden, 2002.

This article estimates the societal cost of alcohol consumption in Sweden in 2002, as well as the effects on health and quality of life. The estimation includes direct costs, indirect costs and intangible costs. Relevant cost-of-illness methods are applied using the human capital method and prevalence-based estimates, as suggested in existing international guidelines, allowing cautious comparison with prior studies.

Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT): what does it screen? Performance of the AUDIT against four different criteria in a Swedish population sample.

The purpose of this article was to examine the kinds of alcohol use disorder the AUDIT most accurately screens for since the literature is inconsistent in the use of the AUDIT. Sometimes it is viewed as a measure of hazardous or harmful drinking and sometimes as a measure of dependence. The performance of its subsets (consumption items, AUDIT-C; and problem items, AUDIT-P) and of the full AUDIT (AUDIT-10) was tested against four criteria: high-volume drinking, alcohol-related social problems, alcohol-related health problems, and alcohol dependence.

Molecular characterization of Streptococcus pyogenes isolates collected during periods of increased acute rheumatic fever activity in Utah.

Background: Salt Lake City, Utah has seen a continuing resurgence of rheumatic fever (RF) since 1985.

Methods: emm genotyping and multilocus sequence typing of streptococcal isolates from periods of increased RF activity were performed.

Results: Multiple genotypes were present during 1985 and 1998, two peak years of RF activity, and in 1992, a year with reduced RF activity.

Test-retest reliability of the alcohol use disorder identification test in a general population sample.

Background: A number of different screening tests are frequently used in alcohol research, but our knowledge about the reliability of many of them is quite limited. Recently, this problem has received more attention. This article examines the test-retest reliability of one of these instruments-the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT)-in a general population sample.

Vectorcardiographic changes during cardioangiography with iodixanol and ioxaglate.

Aim: To compare the electrophysiological effects of two contrast media (CM), the non-ionic dimer iodixanol and the ionic dimer ioxaglate using computerised dynamic vectorcardiography (VCG) during coronary angiography.

Methods: The study was designed as a double-blind, three-period crossover, randomised comparison between iodixanol (320 mg I/ml) and ioxaglate (320 mg I/ml). Group 1 (HVV) received ioxaglate (H) in the first injection in the left coronary artery (LCA) and iodixanol (V) in the following injections.

Iodixanol and iohexol in cardioangiography. A comparative vectorcardiographic study.

Purpose: The non-ionic dimeric contrast medium (CM) iodixanol is isotonic with blood through the addition of electrolytes. In this study, we evaluated computerised dynamic vectorcardiography (VCG) as a tool in CM research by comparing the electrophysiological effects of iodixanol with those of the low-osmolar CM iohexol.

Material And Methods: A total of 119 patients referred for cardioangiography were included in this double-blind, randomised, parallel comparison of iodixanol (320 mg I/ml) and iohexol (350 mg I/ml).

Evaluation of perceived and self-reported manual forces exerted in occupational materials handling.

The main objective of the study was to evaluate the ability of workers to reproduce simulated manual work forces correctly and to quantify these forces in Newtons (N) by means of self-reports. Fourteen male and 14 female workers participated in the study. Three experiments were carried out.

An interview technique for recording work postures in epidemiological studies. Music-Norrtälje Study Group.

Background: The aim of the study was to present and evaluate a work-task-oriented interview technique focusing on the placement of the hands relative to the body and assessing per cent time spent in five standard work postures during a working day.

Methods: The reproducibility of estimated time spent in each work posture was tested by the test-retest method in 32 subjects; 16 were interviewed by the same interviewer and 16 were interviewed by another one at the retest. The validity concerning estimated time spent in th five standard work postures was tested in relation to observations in 58 male blue-collar workers.

Addition of sodium to iohexol. A vectorcardiographic study.

The addition of sodium to nonionic contrast media has reduced the incidence of arrhythmias in animal models. The influence on cardiac function and safety of sodium addition to the nonionic contrast medium iohexol (Omnipaque) was studied in a randomized, double-blind trial in patients undergoing cardioangiography. Fifty-nine patients received iohexol 350 mg I/ml with NaCl 28 mmol/l and 58, iohexol only.

Variation in upper limb posture and movement during word processing with and without mouse use.

Work postures and movements of the upper limb were analysed for 12 'mouse' operators and 12 'non-mouse' computer operators employed in word-processing work. Measurements were carried out during correction of a given text. 'Mouse' operators spent 64% of the working time with the operative wrist deviating more than 15 degrees towards the ulnar side, while 'non-mouse' operators spent 96% of the time with the corresponding wrist in neutral position towards radial deviation.

Evaluation of two instruments for recording sitting and standing postures and number of foot steps.

The study evaluates two simple instruments that may be used to describe aspects of physical workload in almost any occupation: a pedometer, which measures the number of steps taken by the subject wearing it, and a posimeter, which quantifies the time spent sitting and the number of changes between sitting and a The present data showed that the pedometer registers the correct number of steps at 'ordinary' walking speed independent of type of floor (plastic carpet and stone floor), shoes (wooden shoes and sneakers) and gender. At 'slow' walking (2.4 km/h) a reduced number of steps was recorded.

Torsion of a lung lobe: diagnosis and treatment.

Intraoperative lobar torsion occurred in 4 of about 2000 patients subjected to thoracotomy. Two of the patients died. Early diagnosis and proper management are of great importance to the outcome.

Cardioangiographic findings in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia.

The dimension, contractility, and regional wall motion of the right and left ventricles were scored on the angiograms of 13 patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia. In 10 patients the right ventricle was enlarged, in eight the contractility of the right ventricle was reduced, and in all but one patient there were regional wall motion abnormalities of the right ventricle. The most common abnormality of regional wall motion was mild hypokinesia.

Factors that modify the flow response to intracoronary injections.

Coronary sinus flow (CSF) was measured in seven patients with normal coronary arteries (group A) during intracoronary injections of 6 ml arterial blood, 6 ml blood from the coronary sinus, 3 and 6 ml isotonic saline, 3 and 6 ml hypertonic glucose, and 6 ml of a contrast agent (sodium metrizoate). In 10 patients with coronary artery disease (group B), CSF was measured after administration of 6 ml isotonic saline, 6 ml sodium metrizoate, and 6 ml of another contrast medium (iohexol). In group A, arterial blood did not affect CSF, while coronary sinus blood induced a 33% increase.