Acute Kidney Injury in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy Patients Treated with Therapeutic Hypothermia: Incidence and Risk Factors.

Studies in infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) due to perinatal asphyxia have generally focused on neurological outcomes. Although acute kidney injury (AKI) rate decreased in advent of therapeutic hypothermia (TH), it is still a common and important entity. In this retrospective study, we aimed to investigate the risk factors for AKI in HIE patients treated with hypothermia.

The association between NIRS and Doppler ultrasonography in preterm infants with patent ductus arteriosus.

To determine if near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), which is easier to obtain than Doppler ultrasonography (USG), may be used in accordance with Doppler USG to provide additional data for assessment of organ blood flow velocities in preterm infants with hemodynamically significant PDA. Thirty-one infants who were treated with ibuprofen for closure of PDA were monitored continuously with NIRS. Cerebral, mesenteric, and renal arterial blood flow velocities were measured with Doppler USG before and after the treatment.

THROMBOCYTOPENIA AS A RISK FACTOR FOR RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY.

Purpose: To study the association between thrombocytopenia and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Methods: The case-control study was conducted on preterm newborns with ROP between January 2011 and January 2014, retrospectively. The patients were assigned into two groups: Cases required intervention and controls developed no or Stage I ROP.

Massive pleural effusion on the contralateral side of a venous peripherally inserted central catheter.

A preterm newborn infant, delivered at 30 weeks of gestation and 965 g birth weight, developed respiratory distress with resistant hypoxia after a central catheter line was inserted via the right venae brachialis on postnatal day 21. Left-sided massive pleural effusion, collapsed left lung with air bronchograms, and bidirectional shunting through reopened ductus arteriosus were detected by targeted neonatal echocardiography. Hydrothorax was drained under sonographic guidance, producing a milky-white fluid biochemically compatible with parenteral nutrition.

A pioneering study: oral clarithromycin treatment for feeding intolerance in very low birth weight preterm infants.

Purpose: To examine the prokinetic effect of clarithromycin in very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants.

Materials And Methods: VLBW preterm infants who have not achieved half of the full enteral feeding in the second week of life were enrolled in the study. The infants enrolled in the study were randomized.

Serum lactate levels and perfusion index: are these prognostic factors on mortality and morbidity in very low-birth weight infants?

Aim: Early hemodynamic assessment of global parameters in critically ill newborns fails and requires mostly invasive measurements in neonatal intensive care unit. Clinical signs are frequently used for assessment of peripheral perfusion. Perfusion index (PI) is a new noninvasive numerical value of peripheral perfusion.

Effect of Intraventricular Hemorrhage on Cerebellar Growth in Preterm Neonates.

The aim of this study is to evaluate cerebellar growth of preterm infants with intraventricular hemorrhage. Vermis height (VH) and transverse cerebellar diameter (TCD) were measured by cranial ultrasound in 18 preterm infants (26-30 weeks) with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) at first 3 days of life and at term equivalent age (TEA). IVH was diagnosed by ultrasonography and scaled in accordance with the definitions by Papile et al.

Effect of Single Intravitreal Bevacizumab on Ophthalmic and Middle Cerebral Arterial Blood Flow in Retinopathy of Prematurity.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of a single intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injection on blood flow parameters in the ophthalmic artery (OA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) in infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Materials And Methods: This prospective and interventional study included 15 infants with ROP who were treated with IVB. Peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity, mean velocity (MV) and resistivity index were measured using pulse wave Doppler ultrasonography (Philips En Visor C, Amsterdam, The Netherlands) in the OA and MCA, before IVB injection and 1 day, 1 week and 1 month after IVB injection.

Prenatal diagnosis and outcomes of fetal teratomas.

Purpose: Our aim was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of ultrasonography (US) in the prenatal identification of teratomas and the perinatal outcome of the fetuses with those teratomas.

Methods: In this retrospective case series study, we searched the archives using the keywords "fetal mass" or "fetal tumor" or "fetal teratoma" and "sacrococcygeal teratoma," diagnosed between 2009 and 2014, within the US database of our center.

Results: One hundred seven fetuses were prenatally diagnosed as having a cystic or solid mass, tumor, or teratoma.

Intestinal blood flow by Doppler ultrasound: the impact of clarithromycin treatment for feeding intolerance in preterm neonates.

Objective: To compare the blood flow velocities of superior mesenteric artery (SMA) before versus after clarithromycin treatment for feeding intolerance in very low-birth weight infants.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted in a group of infant <1500 g with feeding intolerance who received clarithromycin 7.5 mg/kg/dose bid.

Effect of Prematurity on Cerebellar Growth.

The aim of this study was to evaluate cerebellar growth of preterm infants. Vermis height and transverse cerebellar diameter were measured by cranial ultrasonography in 38 preterm infants (27-32 weeks) at birth and term equivalent age. Measurements were compared with 40 term appropriate-for-gestational-age infants.

Does being born small-for-gestational-age affect cerebellar size in neonates?

Objective: To investigate how cerebellar vermis height (CVH) and transverse cerebellar diameter (TCD) measurements are affected in SGA neonates.

Methods: A total of 176 [88 SGA and 88 appropriate for gestational age (AGA)] neonates between 26 and 42 weeks of gestation were included. Midsagittal plane through the anterior fontanel and coronal plane through the left mastoid fontanel were used to measure CVH and TCD, respectively.

Oral versus intravenous paracetamol: which is better in closure of patent ductus arteriosus in very low birth weight infants?

Objectives: To compare the efficacy of oral and intravenous paracetamol for closure of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (HSPDA) in very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants.

Methods: Eighteen VLBW infants with HSPDA treated with either intravenous (n = 10) or oral (n = 8) paracetamol at 60 mg/kg/d for three consecutive days were analysed retrospectively. Ductal closure rate and evaluation of liver function tests were the major outcomes.

Can Fecal Calprotectin Level Be Used as a Markers of Inflammation in the Diagnosis and Follow-Up of Cow's Milk Protein Allergy?

Purpose: Calprotectin is a cytosolic protein with immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, and antiproliferative actions. The concentration of calprotectin increases in infection, inflammation, and malignancy. We determined if calprotectin can be used as a marker for the diagnosis and follow-up of bowel inflammation in cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA).

A novel matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) terminal hemopexin domain mutation in a family with multicentric osteolysis with nodulosis and arthritis with cardiac defects.

Multicentric osteolysis with nodulosis and arthropathy (MONA, NAO (OMIM no. 605156)) is an autosomal recessive member of the 'vanishing bone' syndromes and is notable for the extent of carpal and tarsal osteolysis and interphalangeal joint erosions, facial dysmorphia, and the presence of fibrocollagenous nodules. This rare disorder has been described previously in Saudi Arabian and Indian families.