Empowering standardization of cancer vaccines through ontology: enhanced modeling and data analysis.

Background: The exploration of cancer vaccines has yielded a multitude of studies, resulting in a diverse collection of information. The heterogeneity of cancer vaccine data significantly impedes effective integration and analysis. While CanVaxKB serves as a pioneering database for over 670 manually annotated cancer vaccines, it is important to distinguish that a database, on its own, does not offer the structured relationships and standardized definitions found in an ontology.

CanVaxKB: a web-based cancer vaccine knowledgebase.

Cancer vaccines have been increasingly studied and developed to prevent or treat various types of cancers. To systematically survey and analyze different reported cancer vaccines, we developed CanVaxKB (https://violinet.org/canvaxkb), the first web-based cancer vaccine knowledgebase that compiles over 670 therapeutic or preventive cancer vaccines that have been experimentally verified to be effective at various stages.

Influence of the Ti-TiN-(Y,Ti,Al)N Nanolayer Coating Deposition Process Parameters on Cutting Tool Oxidative Wear during Steel Turning.

Ti-TiN-(Y,Ti,Al)N coatings with a three-layer architecture (adhesive Ti layer, transition TiN layer, and wear-resistant (Y,Ti,Al)N layer) were studied. When depositing coatings, three arc current values of the yttrium cathode were used: 65, 85, and 105 A. The yttrium contents in the coatings were 30, 47, and 63 at.

Characterisation of TbSmee1 suggests endocytosis allows surface-bound cargo to enter the trypanosome flagellar pocket.

All endocytosis and exocytosis in the African trypanosome Trypanosoma brucei occurs at a single subdomain of the plasma membrane. This subdomain, the flagellar pocket, is a small vase-shaped invagination containing the root of the single flagellum of the cell. Several cytoskeleton-associated multiprotein complexes are coiled around the neck of the flagellar pocket on its cytoplasmic face.

Heavy metal contamination levels, source distribution, and risk assessment in fine sand of urban surface deposited sediments of Ekaterinburg, Russia.

Urban surface deposited sediments (USDS) are unique indicators of local pollution that pose a potential threat to the living environment and human health. Ekaterinburg is a highly populated metropolitan area in Russia with rapid urbanization and industrialization activities. In Ekaterinburg's residential areas, about 35, 12, and 16 samples are represented by green zones, roads, driveways, and sidewalks, respectively.

Estimating predictability of a dynamical system from multiple samples of its evolution.

Natural and social systems exhibit complex behavior reflecting their rich dynamics, whose governing laws are not fully known. This study develops a unified data-driven approach to estimate predictability of such systems when several independent realizations of the system's evolution are available. If the underlying dynamics are quasi-linear, the signal associated with the variable external factors, or forcings, can be estimated as the ensemble mean; this estimation can be optimized by filtering out the part of the variability with a low ensemble-mean-signal-to-residual-noise ratio.

Rheological Characterization and Printability of Polylactide (PLA)-Alumina (AlO) Filaments for Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM).

This article presents the study of the rheological properties and the printability of produced ceramic-polymer filaments using fused deposition method (FDM) 3D printing technology. Powder mixtures with an alumina content of 50 to 70 vol.% were fabricated by a wet processing route.

Potentially harmful elements in urban surface deposited sediment of Ekaterinburg, Russia: Occurrence, source appointment and risk assessment.

In this study, the human health risks of potentially harmful elements (PHEs) in urban surface deposited sediments (USDS) were examined by collecting urban dust samples, measuring their PHE concentrations, and using index evaluation. About 35, 12 and 16 samples are represented a green zones, roads, driveways and sidewalks in residential areas of Ekaterinburg, respectively. The dust fraction (0.

Findings from precision oncology in the clinic: rare, novel variants are a significant contributor to scaling molecular diagnostics.

Background: Next generation sequencing for oncology patient management is now routine in clinical pathology laboratories. Although wet lab, sequencing and pipeline tasks are largely automated, the analysis of variants for clinical reporting remains largely a manual task. The increasing volume of sequencing data and the limited availability of genetic experts to analyse and report on variants in the data is a key scalability limit for molecular diagnostics.

The efficacy and safety of levilimab in severely ill COVID-19 patients not requiring mechanical ventilation: results of a multicenter randomized double-blind placebo-controlled phase III CORONA clinical study.

Objective And Design: The aim of this double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III CORONA clinical trial was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of IL-6 receptor inhibitor levilimab (LVL) in subjects with severe COVID-19.

Subjects: The study included 217 patients. The eligible were men and non-pregnant women aged 18 years or older, hospitalized for severe COVID-19 pneumonia.

Gross alpha activity in urban sediments as an important indicator of urban environmental processes on the example of three Russian cities.

The protection of the urban environment from radioactive wastes (including technologically enhanced natural radionuclides) and potentially harmful elements have recently become very critical. Thus, the present study aimed to assess the radioactive levels in low-volume samples of dust and fine sand fractions of the urban surface deposited sediments (USDS) collected in three Russian cities. The detection was conducted via CR-39 and LR-115 type II solid-state nuclear track detectors (SSNTDs) have been used to detect gross alpha activity concentrations.

Beta radioactivity of urban surface-deposited sediment in three Russian cities.

Study of gross beta activity was conducted in Russian cities Ekaterinburg, Rostov-on-Don, and Nizhny Novgorod. The cities were characterized by continental climate, although they are located in different geographical zones. The bulk urban samples were fractionated with three size fractions: dust (0.

Direct Ink Writing Technology (3D Printing) of Graphene-Based Ceramic Nanocomposites: A Review.

In the present work, the state of the art of the most common additive manufacturing (AM) technologies used for the manufacturing of complex shape structures of graphene-based ceramic nanocomposites, ceramic and graphene-based parts is explained. A brief overview of the AM processes for ceramic, which are grouped by the type of feedstock used in each technology, is presented. The main technical factors that affect the quality of the final product were reviewed.

Urban geochemical changes and pollution with potentially harmful elements in seven Russian cities.

This paper presents results of an analysis of potentially harmful elements (PHEs, Pb, Zn and Cu) and conservative element (CE, Fe) concentrations in urban surface deposited sediment (USDS). The study was conducted in seven large Russian cities located in different geographic and climatic zones, and in territories with different geology and anthropogenic pressures: Chelyabinsk, Magnitogorsk, Nizhniy Novgorod, Nizhniy Tagil, Rostov-on-Don, Tyumen, and Ufa. The initial geochemical baseline relationships between PHEs and CE concentrations in the USDS were reconstructed for each city applying an approach based on linear weighted fitting of PHE as a function of CE with lower weights assigned to more polluted samples.

Bayesian framework for simulation of dynamical systems from multidimensional data using recurrent neural network.

We suggest a new method for building data-driven dynamical models from observed multidimensional time series. The method is based on a recurrent neural network with specific structure, which allows for the joint reconstruction of both a low-dimensional embedding for dynamical components in the data and an evolution operator. The key link of the method is a Bayesian optimization of both model structure and the hypothesis about the data generating law, which is needed for constructing the cost function for model learning.

Snow-dirt sludge as an indicator of environmental and sedimentation processes in the urban environment.

The formation of snow-dirt sludge (SDS) via the mixing of snow and surface-deposited sediment by vehicles and pedestrians is one of the least studied sedimentation processes in urban areas. The aim of this study was to analyse the material, mineral, particle size, and chemical compositions of the SDS solid phase. The study was conducted using Ekaterinburg, Russia, as an example city with an intense anthropogenic impact and a long cold snowy period.

The Influence of Wire Electrical Discharge Machining Cutting Parameters on the Surface Roughness and Flexural Strength of ZrO/TiN Ceramic Nanocomposites Obtained by Spark Plasma Sintering.

In this work, we characterized the mechanical and electrical properties of zirconia-based ceramic nanocomposites reinforced with 30 and 40 vol. % TiN and fabricated by spark plasma sintering. In addition to their improved mechanical performance, these compositions have sufficient electrical conductivity to allow wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM).

RNA-Dependent Epigenetic Silencing Directs Transcriptional Downregulation Caused by Intronic Repeat Expansions.

Transcriptional downregulation caused by intronic triplet repeat expansions underlies diseases such as Friedreich's ataxia. This downregulation of gene expression is coupled with epigenetic changes, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Here, we show that an intronic GAA/TTC triplet expansion within the IIL1 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana results in accumulation of 24-nt short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and repressive histone marks at the IIL1 locus, which in turn causes its transcriptional downregulation and an associated phenotype.

Trends of snowboarding-related fractures that presented to emergency departments in the United States, 2010 to 2016.

Background: Since it was introduced as an Olympic sport in 1998, snowboarding has drawn the participation of individuals of all ages. Despite the growing popularity of this sport, individuals can suffer from a number of musculoskeletal injuries. The specific goals of the study were to: (I) compare the number of injuries and trends of snowboarding injuries; (II) identify the injury occurrences, trends, and incidence of snowboarding-related fractures; and (III) identify the injury occurrences and trends of snowboarding-related fractures by body part.

Wolbachia infection alters the relative abundance of resident bacteria in adult Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, but not larvae.

Insect-symbiont interactions are known to play key roles in host functions and fitness. The common insect endosymbiont Wolbachia can reduce the ability of several human pathogens, including arboviruses and the malaria parasite, to replicate in insect hosts. Wolbachia does not naturally infect Aedes aegypti, the primary vector of dengue virus, but transinfected Ae.

Are CD44/CD24 cells the assumed cancer stem cells in breast cancer?

Unlabelled: Identification and characterization of the population of cancer stem cells (CSC) depends on several cellular markers, which combination is specific for the phenotype of CSC in the corresponding tumor. Several markers of CSC have already been identified in breast cancer (BC), but there are no universal indicators that could specifically identify the CSC in BC.

Aims: To determine the validation of the CSC model for cell surface markers such as CD44 and CD24 and their clinical significance.

PathOS: a decision support system for reporting high throughput sequencing of cancers in clinical diagnostic laboratories.

Background: The increasing affordability of DNA sequencing has allowed it to be widely deployed in pathology laboratories. However, this has exposed many issues with the analysis and reporting of variants for clinical diagnostic use. Implementing a high-throughput sequencing (NGS) clinical reporting system requires a diverse combination of capabilities, statistical methods to identify variants, global variant databases, a validated bioinformatics pipeline, an auditable laboratory workflow, reproducible clinical assays and quality control monitoring throughout.

Heterogeneity of Sr radioactive contamination at the head part of the East Ural radioactive trace (EURT).

1: We measured Sr concentrations and beta particle flux density (BPFD) in 44 soil samples collected from four soil profiles across a central transect on the head of the East Ural Radioactive Trace (EURT). The relationship between BPFD and Sr concentration of each soil sample can be characterised by a linear regression model; Sr concentration in the upper 12 cm soil layer can thus be assessed by measuring BPFD in the soil surface. 2: The BPFD on the soil surface was measured at 969 points at seven sites with linear dimensions ranging from 140 × 20 m to 140 × 320 m.

Gut microbiota in Drosophila melanogaster interacts with Wolbachia but does not contribute to Wolbachia-mediated antiviral protection.

Animals experience near constant infection with microorganisms. A significant proportion of these microbiota reside in the alimentary tract. There is a growing appreciation for the roles gut microbiota play in host biology.

[Use of the tactics of multistage surgical treatment on the model of combined radiation-and-mechanic injury].

Use of the tacticts of multistage surgical treatment on the model of combined radiation-and-mechanic injury. The article provides information on the use of the tactics of multistage surgical treatment (MST), which allows increasing survival value in patients with polytrauma. There are no descriptions of possibility of the use of this tactics in case of combined radiation-and-mechanic injuries in available literature.