Modulating the interaction of graphenic substrates with human interleukin-6 and its monoclonal antibody: a study by Raman images.

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a cytokine with wide-ranging biological effects, playing an important role on the immune system and inflammatory responses. Therefore, it is important to develop alternative, highly sensitive and reliable analytical methodologies for the accurate detection of this biomarker in biological fluids. Graphene substrates (GS), such as pristine graphene (G), graphene oxide (GO), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), have shown great benefits for biosensing and in the development of novel biosensor devices.

Protection of the DNA from Selected Species of Five Kingdoms in Nature by Ba(II), Sr(II), and Ca(II) Silica-Carbonates: Implications about Biogenicity and Evolving from Prebiotic Chemistry to Biological Chemistry.

The origin of life on Earth is associated with the Precambrian era, in which the existence of a large diversity of microbial fossils has been demonstrated. Notwithstanding, despite existing evidence of the emergence of life many unsolved questions remain. The first question could be as follows: Which was the inorganic structure that allowed isolation and conservation of the first biomolecules in the existing reduced conditions of the primigenial era? Minerals have been postulated as the ones in charge of protecting theses biomolecules against the external environment.

Graphene-Based Biosensors for Molecular Chronic Inflammatory Disease Biomarker Detection.

Chronic inflammatory diseases, such as cancer, diabetes mellitus, stroke, ischemic heart diseases, neurodegenerative conditions, and COVID-19 have had a high number of deaths worldwide in recent years. The accurate detection of the biomarkers for chronic inflammatory diseases can significantly improve diagnosis, as well as therapy and clinical care in patients. Graphene derivative materials (GDMs), such as pristine graphene (G), graphene oxide (GO), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), have shown tremendous benefits for biosensing and in the development of novel biosensor devices.

Silica-Carbonate of Ba(II) and Fe/Fe Complex as Study Models to Understand Prebiotic Chemistry.

The Precambrian era is called the first stage of the Earth history and is considered the longest stage in the geological time scale. Despite its duration, several of its environmental and chemical characteristics are still being studied. It is an era of special relevance not only for its duration but also because it is when a set of conditions gave rise to the first organism.

Graphenic substrates as modifiers of the emission and vibrational responses of interacting molecules: The case of BODIPY dyes.

Graphenic substrates (GS), such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and graphene oxide (GO), are 2D materials known for their unique physicochemical properties such as their ability to enhance vibrational spectroscopic signals and quench the fluorescence of adsorbed molecules. These properties provide an opportunity to develop nanostructured GS-based systems for detecting and identifying different analytes with high sensitivity and reliability through molecular spectroscopic techniques. This work evaluated the capacities of different GS to interact with a highly fluorescent compound, thereby changing its optical emission response (fluorescence quenching) and amplifying its vibrational signal, which is the base of graphene-enhanced Raman scattering (GERS).

Sensitive Raman detection of human recombinant interleukin-6 mediated by DCDR/GERS hybrid platforms.

Recombinant human interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a key cytokine that plays an important role in the immune system and inflammatory response, explaining why any modification of its concentration in biological fluids is considered a signal of a pathological condition. Therefore, it is important to develop alternative, highly sensitive and reliable analytical methodologies to detect and identify this analyte in biological fluids. Herein, we present a proof of concept for the development of a new analytical hybrid platform for IL-6 detection that is based on the combination of drop-coating deposition Raman (DCDR) spectroscopy and graphene-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (GERS) effects.