The role of cognitive reappraisal and expectations in dealing with social feedback.

Whereas emotion regulation (ER) in response to distressing events is widely studied, the mechanisms underlying adaptive ER while anticipating these events are still unknown. In this study, we investigated how ER strategies and expectation influence (a) individuals' anticipatory and online processing of self-relevant events, and (b) their affective response to them. Sixty-one healthy female participants were exposed to bogus positive and negative social feedback under reappraisal (regulation) and watch (no regulation) instructions.

Testing the neurocognitive framework for regulation expectation: The relationship between actual/ideal self-esteem and proactive/reactive autonomic stress regulation.

Background And Objectives: According to the Neurocognitive Framework for Regulation Expectation (NFRE), actual and ideal self-esteem are related to how individuals anticipate and respond to a stressful event. Based on this framework, we investigated whether in individuals with low ideal self-esteem (moderator), a positive relationship between actual self-esteem and reactive autonomic regulation would be mediated by the amount of anticipatory autonomic regulation.

Methods: Forty-five healthy females prepared a speech (i.

Autonomic regulation in response to stress: The influence of anticipatory emotion regulation strategies and trait rumination.

According to the neurocognitive framework for regulation expectation, adaptively regulating emotions in anticipation of a stressful event should help individuals deal with the stressor itself. The goal of this study was twofold: first, the authors compared the influence of adaptive versus maladaptive anticipatory emotion regulation (ER) on the autonomic system during anticipation of, confrontation with, and recovery from a stressor; second, they explored whether trait rumination moderated this relationship. The authors collected data from 56 healthy female undergraduates during a public speaking task.

Don't judge me: Psychophysiological evidence of gender differences to social evaluative feedback.

Human beings have a basic need for esteemed social connections, and receiving negative self-evaluative feedback induces emotional distress. The aim of the current study is to measure eye movements (a physiological marker of attention allocation) and pupillary responses (a physiological marker of cognitive and emotional processing) as online and objective indices of participants' reaction to positive/negative social evaluations from the same or opposite sex. Following the paradigm, subjective mood ratings and heart rate variability (HRV) - as an objective index of regulatory effort- were measured.