Communication Policy to Reduce Health Disparities: A Cross-Language Content Analysis of YouTube Television Advertising.

Introduction: This study aimed to identify disparate health-related marketing across English- and Spanish-language television networks in New York City, ultimately to inform policy that can counteract disproportionate health-related marketing that provides harmful content to and withholds beneficial information from Latinx populations.

Methods: A 2-week composite sample of primetime English-language (National Broadcasting Company and Columbia Broadcasting System) and Spanish-language (Telemundo and Univision) television networks from YouTube television was randomly drawn from September 7, 2022 to September 27, 2022 in New York City. A total of 9,314 health-related television advertisements were identified for systematic media content analysis and coded into categories: alcohol, core or noncore foods/beverages, mental health/tobacco prevention, health insurance, medical centers, and pharmaceuticals.

Exposing Pittsburgh Landlords To Asset-Framing Narratives: An Experiment To Increase Housing Voucher Participation.

Landlords are essential actors within the rental housing market, and there is much to be learned about their willingness to participate in rental assistance programs that improve access to stable housing. Because the success of these programs, such as the Mobility (Location-Based) Voucher program in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, can be derailed by landlord opposition, it is important to test strategies that increase landlords' participation. Using data from a unique survey of Pittsburgh landlords, we found that exposing landlords to an asset-framing narrative that highlighted the social, economic, and health benefits of receiving a mobility voucher increased landlords' reported willingness to rent to a mobility voucher recipient by 21 percentage points.

Beyond Plants: The Ultra-Processing of Global Diets Is Harming the Health of People, Places, and Planet.

Global food systems are a central issue for personal and planetary health in the Anthropocene. One aspect of major concern is the dramatic global spread of ultra-processed convenience foods in the last 75 years, which is linked with the rising human burden of disease and growing sustainability and environmental health challenges. However, there are also calls to radically transform global food systems, from animal to plant-derived protein sources, which may have unintended consequences.

How Facebook is used to promote ENDS products near four Big 10 universities: A qualitative analysis.

Electronic Nicotine Delivery System (ENDS) proprietors strategically placed near college campuses and pervasive marketing on social media platforms, such as Facebook, are critical to the tobacco industry's effort to acquire new young adult users. Understanding the themes used on Facebook to promote ENDS products to college students is necessary to develop public health messaging to combat the vaping epidemic.We identified 15 ENDS proprietors located near four Big 10 universities and qualitatively analyzed a random sample of their Facebook posts ( 405) to identify emerging themes using a grounded theory approach.

Racial/ethnic and prior willingness disparities in potential living kidney donors' self-assessed responses to advancing American kidney health regulation.

Background: Racial/ethnic disparities in living donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) are large, and rates of LDKT may be limited by indirect costs of living donation. A 2019 Executive Order- Advancing American Kidney Health (AAKH)- sought to remove indirect costs through an expanded reimbursement program. We examine how potential living kidney donors in the U.

Health Savings Plans and Disparities in Access to Care by Race and Ethnicity.

Introduction: High-deductible health plans are often touted to motivate patients to become informed healthcare purchasers; however, racial/ethnic minorities report that high deductibles prevent them from seeking the needed care. One proposed way to mitigate the financial burden of high-deductible health plans is the use of health savings plans. This cross-sectional study investigates whether chronically ill Blacks and Hispanics enrolled in high-deductible health plans experience greater access to care difficulties than non-Hispanic Whites and whether racial/ethnic disparities are mitigated by the use of health savings plans.

Building the case for housing policy: Understanding public beliefs about housing affordability as a key social determinant of health.

Background: The current housing crisis in the U.S. requires the consideration and promotion of policies that improve the circumstances of severe housing cost burdens.

Examining public knowledge and preferences for adult preventive services coverage.

Introduction: To examine (1) what individuals know about the existing adult preventive service coverage provisions of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), and (2) which preventive services individuals think should be covered without cost sharing.

Methods: An online panel from Survey Monkey was used to obtain a sample of 2,990 adults age 18 and older in March 2015, analyzed 2015-2017. A 17-item survey instrument was designed and used to evaluate respondents' knowledge of the adult preventive services provision of the ACA.

The medicalization of obesity, bariatric surgery, and population health.

This article examines how the medicalization of obesity validates the use of bariatric surgery to treat obesity in the United States and how expansions in access to bariatric surgery normalize surgical procedures as disease treatment and prevention tools. Building on this discussion, the article poses two questions for population health regarding health technology: (1) to what extent does bariatric surgery treat obesity in the United States while diverting attention away from the ultimate drivers of the epidemic and (2) to what extent does bariatric surgery improve outcomes for some groups in the US population while simultaneously generating disparities? We conduct a brief, historical analysis of the American Medical Association's decision to reclassify obesity as a disease through internal documents, peer-reviewed expert reports, and major media coverage. We use medicalization theory to show how this decision by the American Medical Association channels increased focus on obesity into the realm of medical intervention, particularly bariatric surgery, and use this evidence to review research trends on bariatric surgery.

Increasing public support for food-industry related, obesity prevention policies: The role of a taste-engineering frame and contextualized values.

Background: Support for policies to combat obesity is often undermined by a public sense that obesity is largely a matter of personal responsibility. Industry rhetoric is a major contributor to this perception, as the soda/fast food/big food companies emphasize choice and individual agency in their efforts to neutralize policies that are burdensome. Yet obesity experts recognize that environmental forces play a major role in obesity.

The Quality of Diabetes Management Among Mexican Adults in California: Does Generational Status Matter?

Background: Although there is increasing knowledge regarding the association between generational status on diabetes risk, less is known about the effects of generational status on diabetes management among Mexicans.

Objectives: We test whether generational status is associated with variations in diabetes processes of care among Mexican adults to optimize disease management.

Research Design: Weighted multivariate logistic regression was used to test the association between generational status on the quality of diabetes care processes and health care utilization adjusting for socioeconomic/demographic factors.

Weighing in: the taste-engineering frame in obesity expert discourse.

Objectives: We sought expert opinion on the problems with 2 dominant obesity-prevention discourse frames-personal responsibility and the environment-and examined alternative frames for understanding and addressing obesity.

Methods: We conducted 60-minute, semistructured interviews with 15 US-based obesity experts. We manually coded and entered interview transcripts into software, generating themes and subthematic areas that captured the debate's essence.

Race/ethnicity and the relationship between homeownership and health.

Objectives: We investigated whether race/ethnicity moderates the association between homeownership and health and whether this association is the same for racial/ethnic minorities as for non-Latino Whites.

Methods: With data on US-born Latinos, African Americans, and non-Latino Whites from the 2003, 2005, 2007, and 2009 California Health Interview Survey, we used weighted multivariate regression techniques in fully adjusted models, controlling for socioeconomic and demographic factors, to test the association between homeownership and number of psychological health conditions, number of general health conditions, self-perceived health status, and health trade-offs.

Results: Race/ethnicity significantly moderates the effect of homeownership on self-perceived health status, incidence of general health conditions, and health trade-offs, including delays in accessing medical care and delays in obtaining prescription medication.