The Effect of Spinal and General Anesthesia on Metastatic Lymph Node Flow in Bladder Cancer Surgery: A Pilot Study.

Introduction: The sympathetic regulation of contractile function of lymphatic vessels has received much attention in terms of metastasis mechanism nowadays in animal studies. The aim of the study to evaluate the effect of spinal or general anesthesia on flow in malignant lymph nodes in patients undergoing bladder tumor surgery with doppler ultrasound.

Methods: This prospective, observational, pilot study was performed on the patients (ASA II and III, aged 45-85) who scheduled for elective bladder tumor surgery under spinal or general anesthesia from July 2018 to August 2019.

Which imaging method should be used for genicular nerve radio frequency thermocoagulation in chronic knee osteoarthritis?

This study aimed to perform genicular nerve RF neurotomy using two different imaging methods, fluoroscopy and ultrasound, and to compare the clinical effects and reliability of the two methods. Fifty patients with osteoarthritis were included in this study. Patients were randomly allocated into group 1 (fluoroscopy imaging) and group 2 (ultrasound imaging).

Spatiotemporal intracellular nitric oxide signaling captured using internalized, near-infrared fluorescent carbon nanotube nanosensors.

Fluorescent nanosensor probes have suffered from limited molecular recognition and a dearth of strategies for spatial-temporal operation in cell culture. In this work, we spatially imaged the dynamics of nitric oxide (NO) signaling, important in numerous pathologies and physiological functions, using intracellular near-infrared fluorescent single-walled carbon nanotubes. The observed spatial-temporal NO signaling gradients clarify and refine the existing paradigm of NO signaling based on averaged local concentrations.

Molecular recognition using corona phase complexes made of synthetic polymers adsorbed on carbon nanotubes.

Understanding molecular recognition is of fundamental importance in applications such as therapeutics, chemical catalysis and sensor design. The most common recognition motifs involve biological macromolecules such as antibodies and aptamers. The key to biorecognition consists of a unique three-dimensional structure formed by a folded and constrained bioheteropolymer that creates a binding pocket, or an interface, able to recognize a specific molecule.

In vivo biosensing via tissue-localizable near-infrared-fluorescent single-walled carbon nanotubes.

Single-walled carbon nanotubes are particularly attractive for biomedical applications, because they exhibit a fluorescent signal in a spectral region where there is minimal interference from biological media. Although single-walled carbon nanotubes have been used as highly sensitive detectors for various compounds, their use as in vivo biomarkers requires the simultaneous optimization of various parameters, including biocompatibility, molecular recognition, high fluorescence quantum efficiency and signal transduction. Here we show that a polyethylene glycol ligated copolymer stabilizes near-infrared-fluorescent single-walled carbon nanotubes sensors in solution, enabling intravenous injection into mice and the selective detection of local nitric oxide concentration with a detection limit of 1 µM.

The use of train of four monitoring for clinical evaluation of the axillary brachial plexus block.

The axillary approach of brachial plexus anesthesia is the most commonly used technique for forearm and hand surgery. Dynamometer is known as objective test for the clinical assessment of motor block of the nerves in brachial plexus block. However, the use of this device may not always be practical in operating room.

Excess thermopower and the theory of thermopower waves.

Self-propagating exothermic chemical reactions can generate electrical pulses when guided along a conductive conduit such as a carbon nanotube. However, these thermopower waves are not described by an existing theory to explain the origin of power generation or why its magnitude exceeds the predictions of the Seebeck effect. In this work, we present a quantitative theory that describes the electrical dynamics of thermopower waves, showing that they produce an excess thermopower additive to the Seebeck prediction.

Observation of oscillatory surface reactions of riboflavin, trolox, and singlet oxygen using single carbon nanotube fluorescence spectroscopy.

Single-molecule fluorescent microscopy allows semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) to detect the adsorption and desorption of single adsorbate molecules as a stochastic modulation of emission intensity. In this study, we identify and assign the signature of the complex decomposition and reaction pathways of riboflavin in the presence of the free radical scavenger Trolox using DNA-wrapped SWCNT sensors dispersed onto an aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) coated surface. SWCNT emission is quenched by riboflavin-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), but increases upon the adsorption of Trolox, which functions as a reductive brightening agent.

The antinociceptive effects of systemic administration of tramadol, gabapentin and their combination on mice model of acute pain.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible antinociceptive effects of systemic administration of tramadol and gabapentin either alone or in combination on acute pain models in mice.

Methods: After obtaining the approval of Animal Ethics Committee; 96 BALB/c albino male mice were divided into 12 groups: (I) control without injection, (II) control treated with saline, (III)-(IV) mice treated with tramadol 10 mg/kg or 30 mg/kg, (V)-(VIII) mice treated with gabapentin; 30, 100, 200, 300 mg/kg respectively. In order to determine possible interactions between tramadol gabapentin and; mice received four different combinations of tramadol + gabapentin (30+30, 30+100, 30+200 and 30+300 mg/kg) (Groups IX-XII respectively).

Effects of sodium hypochlorite on gutta-percha and Resilon cones: an atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 6% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on gutta-percha (GP) and Resilon cones. Six standardized GP and Resilon cones were selected and cut 3mm from their tip. One GP and 1 Resilon cone were used as control samples.

Preparation and characterization of nano-sized Pt-Ru/C catalysts and their superior catalytic activities for methanol and ethanol oxidation.

Carbon-supported PtRu nanoparticles (Ru/Pt: 0.25) were prepared by three different methods; simultaneous reduction of PtCl(4) and RuCl(3) (catalyst I) and changing the reduction order of PtCl(4) and RuCl(3) (catalysts II and III) to enhance the performance of the anodic catalysts for methanol and ethanol oxidation. Structure, microstructure and surface characterizations of all the catalysts were carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

Efficiency enhancement of methanol/ethanol oxidation reactions on Pt nanoparticles prepared using a new surfactant, 1,1-dimethyl heptanethiol.

In this study, carbon-supported platinum nanoparticle catalysts were prepared using PtCl(4) and H(2)PtCl(6) as starting materials and 1-heptanethiol, 1,1-dimethyl heptanethiol, 1-hexadecanethiol and 1-octadecanethiol as surfactants. These nanoparticles can be used as catalysts for methanol and ethanol oxidation reactions in methanol and ethanol fuel cells. 1,1-Dimethyl heptanethiol was used for the first time in this type of synthesis; other surfactants were used to synthesize nanoparticles for comparison of the catalyst's performance.

Postresectional lung injury in thoracic surgery pre and intraoperative risk factors: a retrospective clinical study of a hundred forty-three cases.

Introduction: Acute respiratory dysfunction syndrome (ARDS), defined as acute hypoxemia accompanied by radiographic pulmonary infiltrates without a clearly identifiable cause, is a major cause of morbidity and mortality after pulmonary resection. The aim of the study was to determine the pre and intraoperative factors associated with ARDS after pulmonary resection retrospectively.

Methods: Patients undergoing elective pulmonary resection at Adnan Menderes University Medical Faculty Thoracic Surgery Department from January 2005 to February 2010 were included in this retrospective study.

[Upper lobectomy for lung cancer with true tracheal bronchus: a unique presentation].

Tracheal bronchus is an aberrant bronchus usually originating from the right lateral wall of the trachea, with an incidence ranging from 0.1% to 5% and usually within 2.0cm above the carina.

[Operative stabilization of traumatic flail chest using a reconstruction plaque].

Flail chest is the most serious form of blunt thoracic trauma that occurs as a result of fracture of three or more ribs from at least two places or sternal fractures and/or separation of costochondral junctions. Existence of life-threatening physiopathological changes almost always affects the clinical status of the patients. Typically the fractured segment moves in the interior and exterior directions during inspirations and expirations, respectively and this paradoxical motion is called as flail chest.

Topical heparin: a promising agent for the prevention of tracheal stenosis in airway surgery.

Background: The protective effects of topical mitomycin-C (MMC) have been well documented for tracheal stenosis; however, to the best of our knowledge, the use of heparin as an anti-inflammatory agent to support wound healing in upper airway surgery was not studied before. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of topical heparin for healing of tracheal re-implants in a rabbit's model and its resultant histological changes compared with that of MMC.

Methods: In a rabbit model (n = 21), an elliptically shaped portion of the anterior tracheal wall was excised (3-4 tracheal cartilages) under anesthesia and immersed in an isotonic saline solution containing 0.

Usage of remifentanil and fentanyl in intravenous patient-controlled sedo-analgesia.

Our aim was to investigate the effects of patient-controlled sedo/analgesia with fentanyl or remifentanil during cataract surgery with phacoemulsification method under topical anaesthesia. The ethical committee has approved the prospective, randomized, double-blind study. ASA I-III, 120 patients underwent cataract surgery were randomly allocated to 3 groups.

[The effect of spinal anesthesia on pulmonary function tests in old patients].

Pulmonary function test (PFT) results are mainly dependent on age, sex, height, weight, pulmonary mechanics disturbances and cooperation of the subjects. The position and anesthesia type may also influence the PFT results. In this study we aimed to evaluate spirometric changes in old and young patients who performed spinal anesthesia.

Effects of positioning in laparoscopic adnexal surgery on QT dispersion and heart rate variability under sevoflurane anesthesia.

Purpose: This study compared the intraoperative changes in the corrected QT dispersion and heart rate variability, predictors of autonomic cardiac function, in laparotomic and laparoscopic adnexal surgery.

Materials And Methods: The study was conducted on 46 American Society of Anaesthesiologists class I/II patients, aged 33-51 years, randomized to one of two groups, for elective gynecologic laparotomy or laparoscopy for a benign adnexal mass. Anesthesia was induced and maintained with sevoflurane.

Hypotension induced by lateral decubitus or supine spinal anaesthesia in elderly with low ejection fraction undergone hip surgery.

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the effect of low ejection fraction (EF) on hypotension during lateral or supine position of spinal anaesthesia in patients older than 75 years old.

Methods: We analyzed 41 patients who had undergone hip surgery between August 2000 and October 2001 in the Aydin SSK State Hospital retrospectively. Patients older than 75 years of age and an EF less than 50% were selected and spinal anaesthesia was performed with hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.

The effects of spinal anesthesia on QT interval in preeclamptic patients.

In this study, we measured the effects of spinal anesthesia on the corrected QT (QTc) interval in women with severe preeclampsia. Twenty-five preeclamptic (preeclamptic group) and 25 healthy pregnant women with normal arterial blood pressure and QTc interval (control group) were enrolled in this prospective, case-controlled study. Arterial blood pressure, heart rate, and QTc interval values were obtained before (baseline value) and at 5, 10, 20, 30, 60, and 120 min after initiation of spinal anesthesia.

Effects of sevoflurane on QT dispersion and heart rate variability.

The purpose of this study was to use estimates of corrected QT dispersion (QTcd) and heart rate variability (HRV) to assess the effects of sevoflurane, an inhalation agent used frequently in clinical practice, on autonomic cardiac function. This study was conducted prospectively and in a blind manner on 20 women between 38 and 51 y of age who were classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists stage I-II and whose treatment required total abdominal hysterectomy. Electrocardiograms were recorded by 12-lead Holter monitor for 5 min before sevoflurane induction and again for 5 min at 10 min after tracheal intubation.

The protective effect of nitroglycerin on gastrointestinal and renal side effects of lornoxicam in rats.

Unlabelled: The aim of this study is firstly, to determine the preventive effect of chronic usage of combination of nitroglycerin and lornoxicam on gastrointestinal and renal side effects and secondly, to investigate the oxidative and antioxidative effects of this combination in rats.

Methods: Thirty-seven Wistar male rats were divided into five groups for 15 days; isotonic group (n = 8, sodium chloride 0.09, Group ISO), lornoxicam group (n = 8, lornoxicam 1.

Beneficial effect of low-dose ketamine addition to epidural administration of morphine-bupivacaine mixture for cancer pain in two cases.

Two patients experiencing cancer pain with neuropathic components were treated with epidural administration of a mixture of ketamine (1 mg/mL) + morphine (1 mg/mL) + bupivacaine (1 mg/mL) injected daily by epidural port. No serious adverse effect was observed throughout the therapy. The patients were mostly pain-free and have gotten better quality of life during 110- and 48-day follow-up when the therapy was given by epidural route.

[The effects of combination of two lornoxicam doses and nitroglycerine on acute pain in rats].

Transdermal nitroglycerine can improve analgesic effects when used with other analgesics. The aim of the study was to investigate the additive effects of nitroglycerine combined with lornoxicam for acute pain in rats. Thirty-nine Wistar male rats were divided into five groups; Group SF (n=8, saline), Group L-1 (n=8, lornoxicam 1.