Potential effects of metformin in DNA BER system based on oxidative status in type 2 diabetes.

Metformin is used to reduce hyperglycemia that induces energetic stress and leads to reduction in gluconeogenesis. Also, metformin inhibits complex I in oxidative phosphorylation, thereby decreasing cellular ATP levels. Activation of AMPK by the reduced ATP levels can induce inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and activate p53-mediated DNA repair.

The correlation between birth weight and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), kisspeptin-1 (KISS-1), and three-dimensional fetal volume.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the relationship between birth weight, and maternal serum insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) and kisspeptin-1 (KISS-1) levels, and first-trimester fetal volume (FV) based on three-dimensional ultrasonography.

Materials And Methods: The study included 142 pregnant women at gestational week 11°-13. All fetuses were imaged ultrasonographically by the same physician.

Role of metformin on base excision repair pathway in p53 wild-type H2009 and HepG2 cancer cells.

The antidiabetic agent metformin was shown to further possess chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects against cancer. Despite the advances, the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in decreasing tumor formation are still unclear. The understanding of the participation of oxidative stress in the action mechanism of metformin and its related effects on p53 and on DNA base excision repair (BER) system can help us to get closer to solve metformin puzzle in cancer.

Ischemia modified albumin in perinatology.

Ischemia modified albumin is a novel marker of ischemia generated due to hypooxygenation and increased hydroxyl free radicals in low pH. The molecule has been licenced for clinical use as an early marker for acute coronary syndrome in cardiology. Since presence of ischemia might have serious and sometimes devastating effects in perinatology, various researches have evaluated its value in different clinical conditions.

CRP at early follicular phase of menstrual cycle can cause misinterpretation for cardiovascular risk assessment.

Objective: C-reactive protein (CRP) is a well-known marker of inflammation and infection in clinical practice. This study is designed to evaluate CRP levels in different phases of menstrual cycle, which might end up with misleading conclusions especially when used for cardiovascular risk assessment.

Methods: Twenty-seven women were eligible for the cross-sectional study.

The prognostic value of first-trimester cystatin C levels for gestational complications.

Aims: This study is designed to evaluate predictive value of first-trimester cystatin C levels for long-term pregnancy complications.

Methods: The cross-sectional study population consisted of patients who admitted to outpatient clinic of a Maternity Hospital between September 2013 and December 2014. Among the 203 participants who accepted to participate in the study, 174 subjects who continued antenatal follow-up in the same clinic were included in the final analyses.

Ischemia-modified albumin levels in patients with acute decompensated heart failure treated with dobutamine or levosimendan: IMA-HF study.

Objective: Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) is a sensitive biomarker of myocardial ischemia. However, data on IMA levels in acute heart failure (HF) are still lacking. In this study, we aimed to evaluate serum IMA levels in acute decompensated HF and the effects of dobutamine and levosimendan treatments on IMA levels.

Association of total serum antioxidant capacity with the Tei index in echocardiography in patients with microvascular angina.

Objectives: Cardiac syndrome X (CSX) is a condition characterized by exercise-induced chest pain that occurs considering a normal coronary angiogram. We aimed to investigate the total serum antioxidant capacity (TAC) and biventricular global functions using echocardiography in patients with CSX.

Patients And Methods: The study population included 55 patients with typical anginal symptoms and a positive exercise stress test, or ischemia in myocardial perfusion scintigraphy and normal coronary arteries detected angiographically, and 49 healthy volunteers with atypical chest pain and a negative stress test.

The association between ischemia modified albumin and placental histopathology in uncomplicated term deliveries.

Ischemia modified albumin (IMA) is a marker of ischemia elevated in different clinical conditions and its use for hypoxia in perinatology is of current interest. We aimed to investigate the association between maternal and cord blood IMA levels and placental histopathological findings in uncomplicated term deliveries. In this study, placental histopathological evaluation in uncomplicated deliveries that ended with healthy newborns revealed 80.

Association of anti-Mullerian hormone and small-dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol with hepatosteatosis in young lean women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective: To study the association of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and small-dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sd-LDL) with hepatosteatosis among young, lean, polycystic ovary patients.

Study Design: A prospective, case control study was carried out including 79 young lean women. Fifty-eight women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and 21 age-and BMI-matched healthy controls were recruited.

The association of osteocalcin and adiponectin with glucose metabolism in nondiabetic postmenopausal women.

Background/aim: This study was designed to determine if osteocalcin is associated with insulin resistance, metabolic risk factors and adiponectin levels in nondiabetic postmenopausal women.

Methods: A total of 87 menopausal nondiabetic subjects were enrolled into the study. Levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), insulin and serum lipids were determined.

A preliminary study: aspirin discontinuation before elective operations; when is the optimal timing?

Purpose: To evaluate the optimum timing of aspirin cessation before noncardiac surgeries. We have conducted a pilot study to minimize the aspirin cessation time before various surgeries.

Methods: Eighty patients who were taking regular aspirin for secondary prevention undergoing elective surgical operations were enrolled in the study.

The impact of route of anesthesia on maternal and fetal ischemia modified albumin levels at cesarean section: a prospective randomized study.

Objective: Ischemia modified albumin has been shown to increase in ischemic situations, and has also been shown to increase in fetal cord blood in deliveries by cesarean section. The aim of this study is to reveal whether anesthesia has an impact on maternal and fetal cord ischemia modified albumin levels.

Methods: Seventy two women with uncomplicated term pregnancies were randomized to spinal (n=37) or general anesthesia (n=35) groups.

Collagen cross-links as a marker for subclinical atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the utility of pyridinoline (Pyd) and deoxypyridinoline (Dpd) cross-links in the detection of subclinical atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women with or without osteoporosis.

Methods: We measured Pyd, Dpd, carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), fasting total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and blood pressure in 59 healthy postmenopausal women: 30 had normal bone mineral density (group I) and the remaining 29 had osteoporosis or osteopenia (group II) according to World Health Organization criteria.

Results: There were no statistically significant differences in age, duration of menopause, age at menopause, lipid profile, body mass index, Pyd level, Dpd level, and Pyd-to-Dpd ratio between the groups (P > 0.

Anti-Mullerian hormone and insulin resistance in classic phenotype lean PCOS.

Purpose: This study is designed to explore the correlation between AMH levels and IR in normal weight PCOS women.

Materials And Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 55 patients, who were admitted to obstetrics and gynecology department of a university clinic. Study group was consisted of 34 patients diagnosed as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) according to the Rotterdam Criteria, whereas control group was consisted of 21 healthy volunteers without any features of clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism, who had regular menstrual cycles.

Sex-hormone-binding globulin early in pregnancy for the prediction of severe gestational diabetes mellitus and related complications.

Aims:  The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and to clarify the association between SHBG levels and GDM complications/medication requirements.

Material And Methods: Among the participants (n = 93) who provided blood samples between 13 and 16 weeks' gestation, 30 cases subsequently developed GDM. Complications and medical interventions were noted.

25-Hydroxy vitamin D levels and endothelial vasodilator function in normotensive women.

Introduction: Vitamin D was shown to be related to endothelial function and blood pressure. Reactive hyperaemia index (RHI) measurement by pulse arterial tonometry is a new method to evaluate vasodilator function of endothelium. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between vitamin D levels and RHI in women.

The value of copper and zinc levels in hernia formation.

Background: A defect in collagen metabolism is suspected to be one of the factors responsible for hernia formation. Lysyl oxidase is a copper-dependent enzyme in the process that provides for the structural integrity of collagen molecules, while zinc is essential for tissue maintenance.

Materials And Methods: In a prospective fashion, copper and zinc levels were measured in plasma and tissue specimens obtained from indirect (n=23), direct (n=20) and incisional hernia patients (n=19) and from healthy controls (laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients, n=15) by enzymatic colorimetric analysis.

Ischemia-modified albumin and cardiovascular risk markers in polycystic ovary syndrome with or without insulin resistance.

The aim of this study was to evaluate ischemia-modified albumin levels (IMA) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) cases with and without insulin resistance and the correlation of IMA with carotid intima media thickness, homocysteine, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels. Significantly higher levels of IMA in young lean PCOS cases, more relevant in insulin resistant cases, indicates chronic hypoxia and oxidative stress which might play a role in the metabolic consequences in PCOS.

The effect of treatment with montelukast on levels of serum interleukin-10, eosinophil cationic protein, blood eosinophil counts, and clinical parameters in children with asthma.

Interleukin (IL)-10 is an important immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine. IL-10 levels are reduced in asthmatic airways. A regulatory mechanism involving IL-4 induced allergen-specific IL-10 production may be defective in allergic subjects, and this defect potentially contributes to more intense inflammation.

Is direct method of low density lipoprotein cholesterol measurement appropriate for targeting lipid lowering therapy?

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the Friedewald Formula with direct homogeneous low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) assay for the detection of LDL-C levels.

Methods: Fasting serum samples were obtained for lipid analysis from 1001 patients. Total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels were measured with enzymatic methods and the measurements of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and LDL-C levels were detected using direct methods.

Comparative effects of atorvastatin and simvastatin on the plasma total homocysteine levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a prospective randomized study.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that statins improve hyperhomocysteinemia in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Design: A prospective randomized study.

Setting: University Hospital.

The evaluation of cystatin C, IL-1beta, and TNF-alpha levels in total saliva and gingival crevicular fluid from 11- to 16-year-old children.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of cystatin C, interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the total saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of periodontally healthy children (PHC) and children with gingivitis (CG) who were between 11 and 16 years old.

Methods: The study was carried out with 10 PHC and 25 CG. Unstimulated total saliva and GCF samples were obtained.