Perspectives: Neonatal acute kidney injury (AKI) in low and middle income countries (LMIC).

Neonatal AKI (NAKI) remains a challenge in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). In this perspective, we address issues of diagnosis and risk factors particular to less well-resourced regions. The conservative management pre-kidney replacement therapy (pre-KRT) is prioritized and challenges of KRT are described with improvised dialysis techniques also included.

Long-term outcome among females with Alport syndrome from a single pediatric center.

Background: Alport syndrome (AS) is a multisystem condition which can result in progressive kidney disease, hearing loss, and ocular changes. X-linked inheritance is observed in 85% of affected individuals. As a result, most prior studies have focused on males.

Medical Expulsive Therapy for Urinary Stone Disease in Children.

The rising incidence of urinary stone disease in children requires pediatric practitioners to keep abreast of management recommendations which are generally geared towards adults. Medical expulsive therapy (MET) is a non-surgical therapeutic option that can be trialed in patients who present with uncomplicated symptomatic ureteral stones. Seminal articles published and indexed in Medline on the topic of MET were extracted and reviewed.

Prevention of recurrent urinary stone disease.

Purpose Of Review: Urinary stone disease (USD) is increasing in prevalence and recurrence is common. In pediatrics, most stones are composed primarily of calcium with the highest incidence observed in adolescents. Given the morbidity associated with USD, an in depth review of current management strategies is of paramount importance to highlight the data supporting the recommended treatments and the knowledge gaps which still exist.