Background/aim: Identifying prognostic and molecular markers as therapeutic targets for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) could enhance the efficacy of multidisciplinary treatments. While tissue expression of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) has been linked to tumor progression in ESCC, prognostic significance of serum SIRT1 levels and their correlation with tissue SIRT1 remains unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between serum and tissue SIRT1 levels in patients with ESCC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is an intractable type of cancer that requires novel therapeutic modalities, since the therapeutic outcomes are often inadequate, even in response to multidisciplinary treatment. The antitumor effect of metformin, an antidiabetic drug, has been reported in esophageal cancer; however, its effects are diverse. Since various multidisciplinary therapies are used in ESCC, the antitumor effect of metformin is expected to be synergistic in some treatment strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe use of nivolumab as first-line therapy for unresectable advanced gastric cancer has now become a standard practice, and its efficacy has been established. This is the first report of a patient with advanced gastric cancer who underwent conversion surgery after first-line nivolumab combination chemotherapy. The patient was a 58-year-old woman.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a malignant cancer with a poor prognosis. Chemoradiotherapy is one of the most important strategies for patients with locally advanced unresectable ESCC; however, its therapeutic effect is unsatisfactory. Tumor-initiating cells (TICs) have been reported to be resistant to conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy so far.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Sepsis causes cerebral dysfunction in the short and long term and induces disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), neuroinflammation, hypoperfusion, and accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) and tau protein in the brain. White matter changes and brain atrophy can be detected using brain imaging, but unfortunately, there is no specific treatment that directly addresses the underlying mechanisms of cognitive impairments in sepsis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: This study aimed to clarify the significance of the crosstalk between hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).
Methods: The oncogenic role of HIF-1α in ESCC was investigated using in vitro and in vivo assays. The clinicopathological significance of HIF-1α, β-catenin and TCF4/TCF7L2 in ESCC were evaluated using quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry.
Background/aim: Several articles have assessed the prognostic significance of the expression of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, evidence in this field is insufficient. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the prognostic and clinical impact of SIRT1 expression in ESCC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Antidiabetic drug metformin exerts various antitumor effects on different cancers. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is an intractable digestive organ cancer and new treatment strategy is required. In this study, we performed a comprehensive gene expression analysis of ESCC cell lines treated with metformin, which provided helpful information on the antitumor effects of metformin in ESCC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Recent progress of large-scale international studies has provided comprehensive catalogs of somatic mutations in cancers. Additionally, it has become evident that allelic imbalance in the abundance of somatic mutations between DNA and RNA were pervasive in various types of cancer. However, the allelic imbalance of the abundance of somatic mutations in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has not been fully analyzed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by notorious resistance to current therapies attributed to inherent tumor heterogeneity and highly desmoplastic and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Unique proline isomerase Pin1 regulates multiple cancer pathways, but its role in the TME and cancer immunotherapy is unknown. Here, we find that Pin1 is overexpressed both in cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and correlates with poor survival in PDAC patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA previously healthy 16-year-old adolescent was admitted to our hospital with fever, sore throat, diarrhoea, strawberry tongue, rashes on lower extremities, and pain in the neck, abdomen and joints. He was initially diagnosed with IgA vasculitis triggered by acute pharyngitis. Despite antibiotic treatment, he gradually developed multiorgan failure and cardiac shock.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOur laboratory previously reported the usefulness as biomarkers of exosomes in the plasma of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients. However, the influence of tumor-derived exosomes on the tumor itself and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We here report changes in the phenotype and gene expression when cancer cells exist in an environment with tumor-derived exosomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunocheckpoint inhibitors including anti-PD-1 antibody have shown certain therapeutic effects on various cancer types. They have also attracted great attention as novel cancer treatment options in addition to surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Herein, we report a case of gastric cancer that was successfully treated with conversion surgery after nivolumab treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecently, the interest in cancer genomic medicine has increased, owing to the powerful and cost-effective technology of next-generation sequencing(NGS), which allows rapid identification of a large number of gene mutations. TP53 mutations are frequently found in solid cancers, especially in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC), wherein the frequency of TP53 mutation is considered to be 90% or more. However, there is no clinical targeted therapy as yet utilizing TP53.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExpression of genes is controlled by histone modification, histone acetylation and methylation, but abnormalities of these modifications have been observed in carcinogenesis and cancer development. The effect of the lysine-specific histone demethylase 1 (LSD1) inhibitor, a demethylating enzyme of histones, is thought to be caused by controlling the expression of genes. The aim of the present study is to elucidate the efficacies of the LSD1 inhibitor on the gene expression of esophageal cancer cell lines using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-Seq.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground/aim: Gastric cancer (GC) with peritoneal metastasis remains difficult to treat. The anti-diabetic drug metformin exerts various antitumor effects via the 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-ĸB). Therefore, we evaluated the antitumor effects of metformin for GC in vitro and on peritoneal metastasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenome medicine has been attractingmuch of attention in Japan. The combination of molecular targetingdrug s and somatic mutations has been developed for cancer treatment, which was introduced clinically with evidence by cancer type. Several cancer somatic mutations can be identified in a single test inexpensively using next-generation sequencing(NGS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: We determined the serum concentrations of Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and its ligands (PD-L1 and PD-L2) in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).
Methods: Blood samples were collected from 85 patients with histologically proved ESCC. Serum levels of PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 were measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assays.
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is an intractable digestive organ cancer that has proven difficult to treat despite multidisciplinary therapy, and a new treatment strategy is demanded. Metformin is used for type 2 diabetes mellitus and its antitumor effects have been reported recently. Metformin exerts antitumor effects in various respects, such as inhibiting inflammation, tumor growth and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: ZNF750, a transcriptional regulator of epidermal differentiation, has been identified as a tumor suppressor in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical and prognostic significance of ZNF750 expression and to evaluate the effect of ZNF750 knockdown on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in ESCC.
Methods: A total of 124 patients with ESCC who underwent curative esophagectomy were evaluated in this study.
Objective: ZNF750, an epidermal differentiation regulator, has been suggested to act as a tumor suppressor of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Although a correlation between the epidermal differentiation gene and resistance to chemoradiotherapy (CRT) has been posited, no data regarding the ZNF750 status in ESCC have been reported. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between ZNF750 expression and response to CRT in ESCC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The expression of Fos-related antigen 1 (Fra-1) affects tumor progression, migration, and invasion. In this study, we identified the genes regulated by Fra-1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).
Methods: We constructed Fra-1 knockdown models via the transfection of small interfering RNA (siRNA) into ESCC cell lines (TE10, TE11).
Background: The expression of genes can be influenced by the balance of histone acetylation and/or histone demethylation, with an imbalance of these processes possibly observed in many cancers. The histone demethylase LSD1 inhibitor activity is associated with selective transcriptional regulation and alterations in the gene expression. However, the exact mechanisms underlying the antitumor effects of LSD1 inhibitors are not fully understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: FSCN1 and matrix metalloproteinase 14 (MMP14) are both invadopodia-related proteins. We herein elucidate the tumourigenicity of these proteins and identify novel therapeutic agents in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).
Methods: FSCN1 and MMP14 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and quantitative PCR, and microRNA (miR)-133a was also evaluated by PCR in surgical ESCC specimens.