Paper-based versus digital-based learning among undergraduate medical, nursing and pharmaceutical students in Japan: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: Since the emergence of COVID-19, university education has drastically transformed into digital-based learning (DBL). Online education has been well recognised as a promising mode of teaching; however, only a limited number of studies have reported the students' preferred format for academic learning.

Design: Cross-sectional.

A longitudinal study of the influence of work characteristics, work-family status, and social activities on problem drinking: the Japanese civil servants study.

Problem drinking causes a decline in labor productivity among working population. This study examined whether work characteristics, work-family status, and social activities are associated with future problem drinking behavior among Japanese civil servants. A total of 1,535 participants (men: 63.

Association between excessive screen time and school-level proportion of no family rules among elementary school children in Japan: a multilevel analysis.

Background: Excessive screen time (ST) in children is a global concern. We assessed the association between individual- and school-level factors and excessive ST in Japanese children using a multilevel analysis.

Methods: A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Toyama, Japan in 2018.

Work and Lifestyle Factors Influencing Job Satisfaction of Japanese Civil Servants: A 5-Year Longitudinal Study.

Objective: Although work, family, and lifestyle factors were associated with job satisfaction, prospective studies are lacking. This longitudinal study clarified the predisposing factors for job satisfaction.

Methods: Datasets were obtained from the Japanese Civil Servants Study and included 1429 participants.

Examination of factors related to problem drinking among the working population: The Japanese civil servants study.

Problem drinking affects not only the health of a population but also the productivity of a nation, especially if it is rampant among the working population. This study examines the association between problem drinking and work characteristics, work-family status, and social situations among the Japanese working population. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed on the basis of gender on 3136 participants (men: 65.

Association of Sleep, Work Environment, and Work-Life Balance With Work Performance: The Japanese Civil Servant Study.

Objectives: To explore differences in work performance based on the influence of sleep, work environment, and work-life balance.

Methods: The datasets for this study were obtained from the Japan Civil Servant Study, which included 3478 participants (2199 men and 1279 women).

Results: Belonging to the younger generation, high levels of support at work, fewer social contacts with friends, and a negative personality were independently associated with low work performance in both men and women.

Socioeconomic determinants of long sickness absence affected by work, family, and personal health-related characteristics: A longitudinal study of the Japanese civil servants.

Objectives: Sickness absence is increasingly affecting society at different levels. This study explores how work, family, and personal health-related characteristics will contribute to socioeconomic status (SES) differences in future long sickness absence (7 days or more) with respect to sex differences.

Methods: A total of 1562 civil servants worked for the Local Japanese government and were considered from 2003 to 2014 for this study.

Prevalence of coronary heart disease and its risk factors by working environment among Japanese male workers.

Work is a major social determinant of health. We conducted a cross-sectional study to explore the association between coronary heart disease (CHD), its risk factors, and the working environment among Japanese male workers. We collected data from 10,572 workers (mean age 49.

Short-term and long-term associations with sleep onset latency in school children in Japan.

Background: This study aims to examine the relationships between sleep onset latency and multiple sleep-related factors of seventh and tenth graders during the transition from childhood to adolescence.

Methods: Regarding sleep onset latency, we examined the short-term associations in Phase IV (2002) and long-term associations in Phase V (2005) of the Toyama Birth Cohort Study. In total, 4,673 boys and 4,694 girls in Phase IV and 2,969 boys and 3,108 girls in Phase V answered the questionnaire items regarding sleep, physical and mental health, lifestyle, socioeconomic status, and family and school factors.

[Non-participation in social activities of rural older adults: Results from the Toyama dementia survey].

Objective　Social activities play an important role in the maintenance of health and well-being of the older adults. The aim of this study was to identify characteristics of the rural older adults who do not participate by type of social activities.Methods　This survey examined 1,537 older adults randomly selected at a sampling rate of 0.

Pathological Gaming and Its Association With Lifestyle, Irritability, and School and Family Environments Among Japanese Elementary School Children.

Background: Pathological gaming (PG) has emerged as one of the major public health concerns worldwide. We aimed to assess PG and its associated factors among elementary school children in Japan.

Methods: We conducted a school-based observational study in Toyama, Japan in 2018.

Future projections of the prevalence of dementia in Japan: results from the Toyama Dementia Survey.

Background: This study aimed to make future projections of the nationwide prevalence of dementia in Japan using the prevalence of dementia from the Toyama Dementia Survey and population projections.

Methods: We performed linear regression analysis using the prevalence of dementia by sex and age in 1985, 1990, 1996, 2001, and 2014 from the Toyama Dementia Survey to calculate the estimated future prevalence by sex and age. The estimated prevalence was then multiplied by the estimated future population of people aged 65 years and older by sex and age in each of the 47 prefectures from 2020 to 2045 and added together to calculate the total number of people with dementia.

Work and family characteristics as socioeconomic determinants in long sickness absence: the Japanese civil servants study.

Long sickness absence is more common among low socioeconomic status (SES) groups than high SES groups. This study aimed to evaluate whether work and family characteristics contribute to SES and sex differences in long sickness absence (7 days or more). The participants were 3080 civil servants working for a local Japanese government.

The Role of Facets of Job Satisfaction in the National and Socioeconomic Differences in Overall Job Satisfaction: A Comparison Between Studies of Civil Servants in Great Britain and Japan.

Objective: To explore national and socioeconomic differences in overall job satisfaction, we examined whether those differences can be explained by what job-related factors.

Methods: Our datasets for this study are from the Whitehall II study and the Japan Civil Servant Study. Of the participants who were 5540 cases, with 3250 people from Great Britain and 2290 from Japan.

Neighbourhood walkability and obesity among adults in rural Japan: results from a Japanese health database.

Background: Walkable neighbourhoods promote physical activity and prevent obesity, but there is limited evidence to inform urban planning strategies for public health within the context of rural Japan. This study describes associations between neighbourhood walkability and obesity in Toyama, a regional municipality in Japan.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of the Toyama Prefecture National Health Insurance data (n = 3454) in 2016 using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) and binary logistic regression.

Regional disparity of certified teaching hospitals on physicians' workload and wages, and popularity among medical students in Japan.

Background: Regional disparities in the working conditions of medical doctors have not been fully assessed in Japan. We aimed to clarify these differences in hospital characteristics: doctors' workload, wages, and popularity among medical students by city population sizes.

Methods: We targeted 423 teaching hospitals certified by the Japanese Society of Internal Medicine and assessed the working conditions of physicians specializing in internal medicine.

Association between marital status and cognitive function in Japan: results from the Toyama Dementia Survey.

Background: This study aims to clarify the association between marital status and dementia in Japan, adjusting for socioeconomic, lifestyle, and lifestyle-related disease factors.

Methods: Data from the Japanese Toyama Dementia Survey were used. Individuals aged ≥65 years living in Toyama Prefecture were randomly selected, and 1171 participants were analysed, with a sampling rate of 0.

Effect modification by workplace social capital on the association between depression and workplace and family stress: the Japanese civil servant study.

Background: Mental health problems among workers have become an issue in Japan. The working environment for civil servants is becoming excessively stressful, and there is a need to prevent the onset of depression. In addition to stress at the workplace and at home, social capital has been reported as a factor associated with depression.

Social and Family Factors as Determinants of Sleep Habits in Japanese Elementary School Children: A Cross-Sectional Study from the Super Shokuiku School Project.

This study explored the associations of lifestyle, familial, and social factors with sleep habits in 1882 elementary school children, aged 6-13 years, from the Super Shokuiku School Project in January 2016. A survey assessed sex, grade, sleep habits, lifestyle, social background, and parental lifestyle. Bedtime "≥22:00," wake-up time "≥07:00," sleep duration "<8 h," and "daytime sleepiness" were defined as poor sleep habits; correlates were analyzed using logistic regression.

Lifestyle, psychological stress, and incidence of adolescent constipation: results from the Toyama birth cohort study.

Background: We aimed to clarify the predisposing factors for adolescent constipation in a longitudinal study, because while factors associated with childhood constipation have been reported, prospective studies on the incidence of constipation are lacking.

Methods: We enrolled 5540 adolescents aged 12 to 13 years from the Toyama Birth Cohort Study-a community-based prospective study examining children's health. The incidence of constipation, defined as bowel movement frequency of less than once every 2 days, was surveyed during the three-year period from baseline (grade 4) to follow-up (grade 7).

Assessment of a Hands-On Seminar on Gastrointestinal Ultrasound.

Transabdominal gastrointestinal (GI) ultrasound (US), despite its utility, is not a common procedure and underappreciated owing to its difficulty to perform. This study aimed to disseminate the skills of GIUS and assess the impact of our hands-on seminar. We annually held a half-day, hands-on seminar on GIUS at University of Toyama Hospital for physicians and sonographers from 2015 to 2017.

Associations of socioeconomic status and lifestyle factors with dental neglect of elementary school children: the MEXT Super Shokuiku School Project.

Background: Despite the fact that there are parents who do not take children with untreated dental caries to a dental clinic, few studies have been conducted to identify the responsible underlying social and family factors. The aim of this study was to investigate whether socioeconomic status and lifestyle factors are associated with dental neglect in elementary school children.

Methods: This study was conducted in 2016 with 1655 children from the Super Shokuiku School Project in Toyama.

Social and family factors as determinants of exercise habits in Japanese elementary school children: a cross-sectional study from the Super Shokuiku School Project.

Background: Many studies have already reported on the relationship between exercise habits and health among schoolchildren. However, few have examined social and/or family factors as determinants of exercise habits.

Methods: This study's participants included 1721 schoolchildren aged between 6 and 13 who were involved in the Super Shokuiku School Project in January 2016.

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Pathological Internet Use and Online Risky Behaviors Among Japanese Elementary School Children.

Background: Little is known about pathological Internet use (PIU) and online risky behaviors among elementary school children. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with PIU and online risky behaviors.

Methods: A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Toyama, Japan in 2018.

Association between self-reported hearing loss and low socioeconomic status in Japan: findings from the Toyama dementia survey.

Background: Age-related hearing loss reduces the quality of life in older adults. Low socioeconomic status (SES) has been reported as a risk factor for hearing loss, although this has not been verified in Japan. This study aimed to assess the association between low SES and hearing loss, excluding people with dementia, in Japan.