Diagnostic Usefulness of Diffusion-Weighted MRI for Axillary Lymph Node Evaluation in Patients with Breast Cancer.

This study aimed to determine whether apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and morphological features on diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI) can discriminate metastatic axillary lymph nodes (ALNs) from benign in patients with breast cancer. Two radiologists measured ADC, long and short diameters, long-to-short diameter ratio, and cortical thickness and assessed eccentric cortical thickening, loss of fatty hilum, irregular margin, asymmetry in shape or number, and rim sign of ALNs on DW-MRI and categorized them into benign or suspicious ALNs. Pathologic reports were used as a reference standard.

Computer-Aided Diagnosis Parameters of Invasive Carcinoma of No Special Type on 3T MRI: Correlation with Pathologic Immunohistochemical Markers.

Purpose: To investigate the correlation between computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) parameters in 3-tesla (T) MRI and pathologic immunohistochemical (IHC) markers in invasive carcinoma of no special type (NST).

Materials And Methods: A total of 94 female who were diagnosed with NST carcinoma and underwent 3T MRI using CAD, from January 2018 to April 2019, were included. The relationship between angiovolume, curve peak, and early and late profiles of dynamic enhancement from CAD with pathologic IHC markers and molecular subtypes were retrospectively investigated using Dwass, Steel, Critchlow-Fligner multiple comparison analysis, and univariate binary logistic regression analysis.

In vivo imaging of invasive aspergillosis with F-fluorodeoxysorbitol positron emission tomography.

Invasive aspergillosis is a critical complication in immunocompromised patients with hematologic malignancies or with viral pneumonia caused by influenza virus or SARS‑CoV‑2. Although early and accurate diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis can maximize clinical outcomes, current diagnostic methods are time-consuming and poorly sensitive. Here, we assess the ability of 2-deoxy-2-F-fluorosorbitol (F-FDS) positron emission tomography (PET) to specifically and noninvasively detect Aspergillus infections.

The Role Played by SLUG, an Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Factor, in Invasion and Therapeutic Resistance of Malignant Glioma.

In malignant gliomas, invasive phenotype and cancer stemness promoting resurgence of residual tumor cells render treatment very difficult. Hence, identification of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) factors associated with invasion and stemness of glioma cells is critical. To address the issue, we investigated several EMT factors in hypermotile U87MG and U251 cells, orthotopic mouse glioma model, and human glioma samples.

Prognostic significance of E-cadherin and N-cadherin expression in Gliomas.

Background: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), principally involving an E-cadherin to N-cadherin shift, linked to tumor invasion or metastasis, and therapeutic resistance in various human cancer. A growing body of recent evidence has supported the hypothesis that EMT play a crucial role in the invasive phenotype of gliomas. To evaluate the prognostic connotation of EMT traits in glioma, expression of E-cadherin and N-cadherin was explored in a large series of glioma patients in relation to patient survival rate.

Sonoelastographic strain ratio: how does the position of reference fat influence it?

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate how the reference fat position influenced the calculation of the sonoelastographic strain ratio.

Methods: Three hundred fifty-eight breast masses (256 benign lesions and 102 malignant lesions) in 300 women (mean age 47.4 years; age range 17-82 years) who had been scheduled for a percutaneous needle biopsy or surgical excision were examined using B-mode ultrasonography and elastography.

The Influence of Arm Swelling Duration on Shoulder Pathology in Breast Cancer Patients with Lymphedema.

Purpose: To evaluate the pathological effect of the duration of arm swelling on the shoulder pathology in patients with breast cancer-related lymphedema.

Methods: Forty seven breast cancer patients with unilateral arm lymphedema were assessed. The duration of the arm swelling and shoulder pain were recorded.

KITENIN promotes glioma invasiveness and progression, associated with the induction of EMT and stemness markers.

KITENIN (KAI1 COOH-terminal interacting tetraspanin) promotes tumor invasion and metastasis in various cancers. This study assessed the association between KITENIN expression and advanced glioma grade in patients. In vitro assays revealed that KITENIN knockdown inhibited the invasion and migration of glioma cells, whereas KITENIN overexpression promoted their invasion and migration.

Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy disseminated by a ventriculoperitoneal shunt and diagnosed from the inguinal sac.

Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MNTI) is a rare congenital neoplasm that originates from the neural crest cells, which give rise to the melanocytes of the skin and leptomeninges. We report a case of MNTI with neurocutaneous melanosis of a 28-month-old girl. She was born with hydrocephalus and several large congenital giant nevi.

N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase V triggers overexpression of MT1-MMP and reinforces the invasive/metastatic potential of cancer cells.

N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V) is an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of a β1,6-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) side chain to a core mannosyl residue in N-linked glycoproteins. Besides its direct function of producing aberrant glycoproteins, it promotes cancer progression by its involvement in the stimulation of oncoproteins. Herein, we report that GnT-V guided the transcriptional activation of membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MT1-MMP) in cancer cells.

Identification of a mimotope for circulating anti-cytokeratin 8/18 antibody and its usage for the diagnosis of breast cancer.

A novel circulating tumor-associated autoantibody, K94, obtained from a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) mouse model was characterized. The target antigen of K94 autoantibody was expressed in various tumor cell lines including liver cancer, and its secretion was detectable using MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells. Proteomic analysis revealed that the protein bands reactive to K94 included cytokeratin (CK) 8 and 18, which are known to be related to tumorigenesis and form a heterotypic complex with each other.

Galectin-3 binding protein promotes cell motility in colon cancer by stimulating the shedding of protein tyrosine phosphatase kappa by proprotein convertase 5.

It has previously been reported that shedding of the PTPκ ectodomain drives enhanced motility of colon cancer cells. Herein, we provide mechanism underlying the regulation of PTPκ shedding by galectin-3 binding protein. PTPκ was inarguably scissored by the processed form of proprotein convertase 5 (subtilisin/kexin type 5), and galectin-3 binding protein which is over-produced in colon cancer cells and tissues contributed to increased cancer cell motility by acting as a negative regulator of galectin-3 at the cell surface.

Elective laparoscopic repair after colonoscopic decompression for incarcerated morgagni hernia.

Plain radiographs of an 88-year-old woman who had experienced vomiting and abdominal distention for 3 days revealed a severely obstructed ileus, and abdominopelvic computed tomography revealed an incarcerated Morgagni hernia. The endoscope was passed through the constrictions from the diaphragmatic indentations and a thin catheter was placed for decompression. The obstructive ileus regressed markedly after the procedure; the patient underwent elective laparoscopic repair of the hernia 1 week later.

Lectin precipitation using phytohemagglutinin-L(4) coupled to avidin-agarose for serological biomarker discovery in colorectal cancer.

N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V) has been reported to be upregulated in malignant cancer cells, and its targets have been sought after with regard to biomarker identification. The low capacity and high false positive rates of 2-DE gel-based lectin blots using phytohemagglutinin-L(4) (L-PHA) prompted us to develop a novel protocol for identifying GnT-V targets, in which serum proteins were subjected to immunodepletion, alkylation, and lectin precipitation using L-PHA coupled to avidin-agarose bead complexes, and tryptic digestion. Proteins captured by L-PHA conjugates were analyzed by a nano-LC-FT-ICR/LTQ MS.

Functional proteomics study reveals that N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase V reinforces the invasive/metastatic potential of colon cancer through aberrant glycosylation on tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1.

N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase-V (GnT-V) has been reported to be up-regulated in invasive/metastatic cancer cells, but a comprehensive understanding of how the transferase correlates with the invasive/metastatic potential is not currently available. Through a glycomics approach, we identified 30 proteins, including tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), as a target protein for GnT-V in human colon cancer cell WiDr. TIMP-1 was aberrantly glycosylated as characterized by the addition of beta1,6-N-acetylglucosamine, polylactosaminylation, and sialylation in GnT-V-overexpressing WiDr cells.

The effect of simulation on recurrence after breast-conserving surgery and radiotherapy: preliminary results.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of the simulation method on recurrence among the patients who received radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery (BCS) for early breast carcinoma.

Materials And Methods: Between 1995 and 2000, 70 patients with stage I-II breast carcinoma underwent breast-conserving surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy. Twenty nine patients (41.

Identification of target proteins of N-acetylglucosaminyl transferase V in human colon cancer and implications of protein tyrosine phosphatase kappa in enhanced cancer cell migration.

To gain a better understanding of the mechanism underlying colon cancer and to search for potential markers of colon cancer prognosis, a comparative proteomic analysis of colon cancer WiDr cells was conducted using 2-DE and lectin blot, followed by identification based on ESI-MS. Through these approaches 14 proteins were identified as candidate target proteins for N-acetylglucosaminyl transferase V (GnT-V) that would be expected to be implicated in the progression of colon cancer. We selected protein tyrosine phosphatase kappa (PTPkappa) as a model protein to validate this approach to the discovery of novel biomarkers in colon cancer.

Clinical experience of patients with ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast treated with breast-conserving surgery plus radiotherapy: a preliminary report.

Purpose: Breast-conserving therapy (BCT) is a practical alternative to mastectomy for treating ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). We reviewed our experience for treating patients with DCIS of the breast to evaluate the outcome after performing breast-conserving surgery plus radiotherapy (BCS-RT).

Materials And Methods: Between January 1983 and December 2002, 25 patients with clinically or mammographically detected DCIS were treated by BCS-RT.

Laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal hernioplasty of bilateral obturator hernia.

Obturator hernia is relatively rare and tends to occur in elderly, emaciated women with chronic diseases. Clinical presentations are frequently delayed and so preoperative diagnosis is difficult. Treatment is always surgical.

A Novel IVS2-1G>A mutation causes aberrant splicing of the HRPT2 gene in a family with hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome.

HRPT2, the gene associated with hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor (HPT-JT) syndrome, was previously mapped to 1q24-q32. It was recently cloned, and several germline mutations were found to predispose to HPT-JT syndrome. We sequenced the complete HRPT2 coding sequence and splice-junctional regions in a Korean family with HPT-JT syndrome and identified a novel germline mutation, IVS2-1G>A in intron 2, that caused the autosomal dominant trait of HPT-JT syndrome in this family.

Identification of target proteins of N-acetylglucosaminyl-transferase V and fucosyltransferase 8 in human gastric tissues by glycomic approach.

To understand better the mechanism underlying gastric cancer and search for potential markers for gastric cancer prognosis, the proteomic analysis of gastric cancer tissues was conducted using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and lectin blot, followed by electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. These approaches permitted identification of glyco- or putative glycosylated proteins which may be associated with tumorigenesis. The proteins identified include molecules involved in sugar metabolism, signal transduction, proteolysis, and stress, as well as several unknown proteins, which were aberrantly glycosylated as evidenced by the L-phytohemagglutinin blot.