Relationship Between Sleep Disturbances and Chronic Pain: A Narrative Review.

Sleep disturbances and chronic pain are prevalent and interrelated conditions that have significant impact on individuals' quality of life. Understanding the intricate dynamics between sleep and pain is crucial for developing effective treatments that enhance the well-being of affected individuals and reduce the economic burden of these debilitating conditions. This narrative review examines the complex relationship between sleep disturbances and chronic pain.

Lead and Pulse Generator Migration After Spinal Cord Stimulation Implantation: Insights From an Analysis of 7322 Patients.

Objectives: Lead migration (LM) after spinal cord stimulation (SCS) implantation surgery is the most common device-related complication. Our study of lead and implantable pulse generator (IPG) migration using a large administrative claims data base aims to understand rates, risk factors, and outcomes after SCS implantation.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective cohort study used the IBM® MarketScan® (Armonk, NY) Commercial and Medicare Supplemental Databases from 2016 to 2018.

Evaluation of green light exposure on headache frequency and quality of life in migraine patients: A preliminary one-way cross-over clinical trial.

Background: Pharmacological management of migraine can be ineffective for some patients. We previously demonstrated that exposure to green light resulted in antinociception and reversal of thermal and mechanical hypersensitivity in rodent pain models. Given the safety of green light emitting diodes, we evaluated green light as a potential therapy in patients with episodic or chronic migraine.

Value of combined video EEG and polysomnography in clinical management of children with epilepsy and daytime or nocturnal spells.

Purpose: Sleep disorders are common in epilepsy. Additionally, events of staring, jerking, or nocturnal behaviors are common presentations in neurology or sleep practice. Moreover, sleepiness and nocturnal awakenings are common symptoms in children with epilepsy and differentiation form ongoing seizures and sleep disorders is needed.

Clinical factors predict surgical outcomes in pediatric MRI-negative drug-resistant epilepsy.

Purpose: Lack of a potentially epileptogenic lesion on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a poor prognostic marker for epilepsy surgery. We present a single-center series of childhood-onset MRI-negative drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) and analyze surgical outcomes and predictors.

Methods: Children with MRI-negative DRE who had resective surgery from January 2007 to December 2013 were identified using an institutional database.

Outcomes of long-term iron supplementation in pediatric restless legs syndrome/periodic limb movement disorder (RLS/PLMD).

Objectives: Restless legs syndrome (RLS) and periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) are thought to center around a genetically mediated sensitivity to iron insufficiency. Previous studies have shown the effectiveness of short-term iron therapy in children with low iron storage. Little is known, however, about long-term iron treatment in children with RLS and PLMD.

Should spikes on post-resection ECoG guide pediatric epilepsy surgery?

Purpose: There is wide variation in clinical practice regarding the role of electrocorticography immediately after resection (post-resection ECoG) for pediatric epilepsy surgery. Results can guide further resection of potentially epileptogenic tissue. We hypothesized that post-resection ECoG spiking represents a biomarker of the epileptogenic zone and predicts seizure outcome in children undergoing epilepsy surgery.

Preresection intraoperative electrocorticography (ECoG) abnormalities predict seizure-onset zone and outcome in pediatric epilepsy surgery.

Objective: The predictive value of intraoperative electrocorticography (ECoG) in pediatric epilepsy surgery is unknown. In a population of children undergoing ECoG followed typically by invasive extraoperative monitoring (IEM) and resection, we aimed to determine the relationship between frequent ECoG abnormalities and the seizure onset zone and outcome after resection.

Methods: We retrospectively identified 103 children with preresection ECoG of sufficient technical quality.

Central Hypersomnia.

Sleepiness is not uncommon in the pediatric population. Although the etiology can be multifactorial, sleepiness due to increased sleep drive, also called central hypersomnia, is a common cause. The third edition of the International Classification of Sleep Disorders updated the diagnostic criteria for several of the central disorders of hypersomnolence, most notably narcolepsy.

Sleep and Epilepsy.

Sleep and epilepsy are common bedfellows. Sleep can affect frequency and occurrence of interictal spikes and occurrence, timing, and threshold of seizure. Epilepsy can worsen sleep architecture and severity of sleep disorders.

Melatonin improves sleep in children with epilepsy: a randomized, double-blind, crossover study.

Objective: Insomnia, especially maintenance insomnia, is widely prevalent in epilepsy. Although melatonin is commonly used, limited data address its efficacy. We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study to identify the effects of melatonin on sleep and seizure control in children with epilepsy.

Absence Epilepsy: Older vs Newer AEDs.

Over the last one to two decades, several new antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) have become available. These medications have different mechanisms of action, metabolism, efficacy, and side effect profiles. Hence, it has become possible to customize medications for a particular patient.

Effects of epilepsy treatments on sleep architecture and daytime sleepiness: an evidence-based review of objective sleep metrics.

Objective: Sleep is considered restorative, and good quantity and quality sleep is required for memory consolidation and synaptic plasticity. Sleep disorders are common in patients with epilepsy. Poor sleep quality or quantity may worsen seizure control.

Narcolepsy-cataplexy: is streptococcal infection a trigger?

Narcolepsy-cataplexy is an uncommon sleep disorder which may present in childhood. We report a case of an 8-year-old presenting with narcolepsy-cataplexy following a streptococcal infection. Autoimmune etiology for narcolepsy has been suggested.

Central sleep apnea: does stabilizing sleep improve it?

Central sleep apnea is not uncommon in children with neurologic disorders. The mechanisms include increased ventilatory chemosensitivity to carbon dioxide level. Conventional treatments include oxygen, noninvasive ventilation, and in patients with heart failure, improving cardiac output.

Provider practices impact adequate diagnosis of sleep disorders in children with epilepsy.

Sleep disorders significantly affect the lives of children with epilepsy. Limited data exist about provider practices concerning detection and correct diagnosis of sleep problems in epilepsy. The authors conducted this study to identify and correlate sleep screening methods, referral practices, referral reasons and final sleep diagnoses.

Obstructive sleep apnea and primary snoring in children with epilepsy.

Sleep-related breathing disruptions in children with epilepsy are common and can range from primary snoring to obstructive sleep apnea. Untreated obstructive sleep apnea can lead to significant morbidity. This study aimed to identify factors associated with its occurrence and severity in children with epilepsy.

Ictal MEG onset source localization compared to intracranial EEG and outcome: improved epilepsy presurgical evaluation in pediatrics.

Purpose: Magnetoencephalography (MEG) has been shown a useful diagnostic tool for presurgical evaluation of pediatric medically intractable partial epilepsy as MEG source localization has been shown to improve the likelihood of seizure onset zone (SOZ) sampling during subsequent evaluation with intracranial EEG (ICEEG). We investigated whether ictal MEG onset source localization further improves results of interictal MEG in defining the SOZ.

Methods: We identified 20 pediatric patients with one habitual seizure during MEG recordings between October 2007 and April 2011.

Ischemic stroke and excellent recovery after administration of intravenous tissue plasminogen activator.

Intravenous tissue plasminogen activator has become a mainstream treatment for ischemic hyperacute stroke in the adult population. Its safety and efficacy remain undetermined in the pediatric population. We present a teenager who was hospitalized with left-sided paralysis, and with decreased sensations on the left side.