CO emission hotspots analysis on supply chains for wooden houses in Japan.

Ninety-four percent of CO emissions induced by final demand in the global construction sector stem from the supply chain. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the CO emission hotspots within the supply chain and implement targeted reduction measures. This study proposed a supply chain clustering approach considering the functional unit of houses and identified CO emission hotspots within the supply chain structure of wooden houses, which accounted for approximately 90% of the total housing stock in Japan.