Improving the rate of anthropometric measurements in the pediatric intensive care unit.

Background: Malnutrition occurs in approximately 25% of pediatric intensive care patients and correlates with increased length of stay, prolonged ventilation, and mortality. Anthropometric measurements should be obtained at admission and throughout hospitalization to evaluate nutrition status. We aimed to increase documentation, reporting, and discussion of anthropometric measurements, including height/length, weight, and occipital frontal circumference (OFC) within 24 hours of admission and weekly.

[Local treatment of malignant pleural effusion in gynecologic tumors].

Pleural effusions are a frequent complication of malignant gynecologic diseases, especially in breast cancer with an incidence of about 50%. Pleural effusions usually occur at a stage of the disease where no further curative therapeutic options exist. Therefore, the treatment should be effective and have a low side effect profile.

[Local treatment of malignant pleural effusion in gynecologic tumors].

Pleural effusions are a frequent complication of malignant gynecologic diseases, especially in breast cancer with an incidence of about 50%. Pleural effusions usually occur at a stage of the disease where no further curative therapeutic options exist. Therefore, the treatment should be effective and have a low side effect profile.

[Myeloreticulosis of the uterus following acute myeloid leukemia].

Tumorous manifestations of myelosis with or without leukemia are rarely seen today as they appear at a very late stage of the disease. They are of importance to the gynecologist in the differential diagnoses concerning the breast, the endometrium and uterus, the placenta and the fetus. The case report of a myeloreticulosis of the uterus, three years after an acute myeloid leukemia was treated, is described.

[Clinical aspects of laryngopathia gravidarum].

Laryngopathia gravidarum is a rare complication during pregnancy which often is associated with pre-eclampsia. In the literature different degrees of the disease are described which range from simple hoarseness to dangerous states of extreme shortage of air. Based on several cases seen in recent years we discuss the association with pre-eclampsia and document for the first time photographically how quickly morphological and functional findings disappear after the end of pregnancy.

[The tumor marker CA 15-3 in breast cancer in serum and cell compartments as an additional prognostic criterion].

In 86 woman patients having a histologically confirmed carcinoma of the breast we examined during primary treatment the CA 15-3 data in the compartments serum, cytosol and a membrane fraction. Low CA 15-3 levels in the serum combined with high concentrations in cytosol and the membrane fraction were associated with a good prognosis, whereas a poor prognosis was seen in case of high serum values and simultaneously low values in the cytosol and the membrane fraction. Hence, it seems that prognoses of the future course of the disease are possible if the CA 15-3 values are simultaneously determined in the serum, in cytosol and in a membrane fraction.

Lack of coagulation defects after the intraamniotic instillation of ethacridine (Rivanol) for second trimester abortion.

Second trimester abortion was induced by the intraamniotic infusion of ethacridine. Coagulation studies revealed no change in 10 cases. It is felt that the intraamniotic use of ethacridine is probably safe.

[Involvement of pelvic lymph nodes in ovarian cancer].

In contrast to earlier operating standards some authors have in the past few years, also removed pelvic lymphnodes when ovarian cancer was diagnosed. From 26 of our patients suffering from ovarian cancer, one third proved to have positive lymphnodes, when pelvic lymphonodectomy was carried out. Our data, along with-data from other authors, were reviewed and included in a statistical evaluation.

[Dissecting aneurysm--a rare but severe complication of pregnancy].

A case of aortic dissection at 37 weeks of gestation is presented with demonstration of angiographic and pathological findings. A review of clinical and pathological literature suggests, that rupture of aortic dissecting aneurysms occurs more frequently in women being pregnant than in non-pregnant women of the same age. Women with cardial malformations, coarctatio aortae, Marfan's syndrome and hypertension are at increased risk.

[Digital roentgen video image processing for target calculation in stereotactic neurosurgery].

The basic methods for calculating targets in stereotactic cerebral operations, using radiography or CT sections for special operations, can now be extended by a new method, depending on image generating system from a digital x-ray video chain. A micro-computer was used in order to calculate image measurements, angulation of the apparatus and documentation of the surgical procedures.

Digital radiography for target point evaluation in stereotactic neurosurgery.

Today, the usual target point evaluation during stereotactic operations using planar X-ray films can be supplemented by digital video storage. The picture-delivering system is a digital X-ray video chain which replaces the X-ray film. Evaluation of target point coordinates as well as parameters of electrode approach and positioning are determined by a microcomputer.

[A compact table computer (data tablet digitizer) system for calculation of target points in stereotactic neurosurgery (author's transl)].

The authors describe a compact computed calculator system which allows a fast and secure destination of the target point during stereotaxic operations.