Diagnostic performance of 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT for regional lymph node metastases in patients with primary prostate cancer: a multicenter phase II clinical trial.

Objective: This multicenter, phase II clinical trial evaluated the diagnostic performance of 18F-fluciclovine, a novel amino acid for positron-emission tomography (PET), for detection of small lymph node metastases with short-axis diameters of 5-10 mm in patients with prostate cancer.

Methods: Patients with prostate cancer were eligible after screening of laboratory tests and pelvic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). Pelvic region 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT was then acquired within 28 days and dissection of regional lymph nodes was performed within 60 days of pelvic contrast-enhanced CT.

Detection of prostate cancer by an FDG-PET cancer screening program: results from a Japanese nationwide survey.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze detection rates and effectiveness of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) cancer screening program for prostate cancer in Japan, which is defined as a cancer-screening program for subjects without known cancer. It contains FDG-PET aimed at detection of cancer at an early stage with or without additional screening tests such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: A total of 92,255 asymptomatic men underwent the FDG-PET cancer screening program.

Performance profile of a FDG-PET cancer screening program for detecting gastric cancer: results from a nationwide Japanese survey.

Purpose: It has been reported that gastric cancer is the sixth most common cancer found during the (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) cancer screening program, which is defined as cancer screening of asymptomatic subjects using FDG-PET(/CT) (in combination with other screening tests or not). The aim of this study was to analyze the detection rate and the effectiveness of the FDG-PET cancer screening program at detecting gastric cancer between 2006 and 2009 in Japan.

Materials And Methods: A total of 153,775 asymptomatic subjects (92,255 men, 61,520 women) between 30 and 80 years old underwent the FDG-PET cancer screening program.

Detection of lung cancer by FDG-PET cancer screening program: a nationwide Japanese survey.

Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze the lung cancer detection rate in asymptomatic individuals by the Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography FDG-PET cancer screening program in Japan.

Materials And Methods: A total of 153,775 asymptomatic individuals underwent the FDG-PET cancer screening program; the 854 cases with findings that indicated suspected lung cancer by any detection method were analyzed.

Results: Among the 854 cases, 319 were verified as lung cancer.

Detection of colorectal cancer and adenomas by FDG-PET cancer screening program: results based on a nationwide Japanese survey.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the detection rate for CRC and adenomas for asymptomatic subjects in Japan by FDG-PET cancer screening program carried out between 2006 and 2009.

Methods: The "FDG-PET cancer screening program" included both PET and positron emission tomography with computed tomography (PET/CT) with or without other screening tests. A total of 154,783 asymptomatic subjects underwent FDG-PET cancer screening program; we analyzed the 1,808 cases with findings from any detection method that indicated suspected CRC.

Observer variation study of the assessment and diagnosis of incidental colonic FDG uptake.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the interpretations of incidental colonic 18F-FDG uptake made by 10 experienced readers and to more clearly identify the pattern of suspicious colonic FDG uptake. The potential contributions of delayed FDG-PET scanning and of immune fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) in making a diagnosis were also analyzed.

Materials And Methods: Visual interpretations by 10 readers were made for 147 FDG uptake sites from 126 PET scans (cancer, 38 sites; adenoma, 43 sites; and no abnormality, 66 sites) with colonic FDG uptake.

The current status of an FDG-PET cancer screening program in Japan, based on a 4-year (2006-2009) nationwide survey.

Objective: The aim of this study was to survey the 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) cancer screening program conducted in Japan.

Methods: The "FDG-PET cancer screening program" included both FDG-PET and positron emission tomography with computed tomography (PET/CT) with or without other combined screening tests that were performed for cancer screening in asymptomatic subjects. A total of 155,456 subjects who underwent the FDG-PET cancer screening program during 2006-2009 were analyzed.

Radiation exposure and risk-benefit analysis in cancer screening using FDG-PET: results of a Japanese nationwide survey.

Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate radiation exposure and evaluate the risks and benefits of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in cancer screening.

Methods: A nationwide survey of FDG-PET cancer screening was conducted in 2006, and the results were analyzed with a common index, "extension/shortening of the average life expectancy."

Results: The average estimated effective dose was 4.

Analysis of various malignant neoplasms detected by FDG-PET cancer screening program: based on a Japanese Nationwide Survey.

Objective: The most distinctive feature of FDG-PET cancer screening program is the ability to find various kinds of malignant neoplasms in a single test. The aim of this survey is to clarify the range and frequency of various malignant neoplasms detected by FDG-PET cancer screening performed in Japan.

Methods: "FDG-PET cancer screening" was defined as FDG-PET or positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) scan with or without other tests performed for cancer screening of healthy subjects.

[Assessment of diagnostic criteria for FDG-PET cancer screening program according to the interpretation of FDG-PET and combined examination].

Objective: The aim of this study is to establish the diagnostic criteria for FDG-PET cancer screening program of four kinds of organ (breast, thyroid, lung and colon/rectum) according to the interpretation of FDG-PET cancer screening program of the case with proved clinical outcome.

Methods: Among FDG-PET cancer screening examinations performed in two PET centers during 2003 to 2006, two hundreds of examinations with proved clinical outcome were evaluated. Interpretation of breast ultrasonography, thyroid ultrasonography, chest CT and fecal occult blood testing, which were regarded as combined examinations, were performed together with the interpretation of FDG-PET images.

Effect of clinicopathologic factors on visibility of colorectal polyps with FDG PET.

Objective: The objective of our study was to clarify which clinicopathologic factors affect the FDG PET visibility of colorectal polyps.

Materials And Methods: We used statistical methods in a retrospective examination of factors affecting the visibility of 87 colorectal polyps in 50 patients who underwent PET for cancer screening.

Results: PET depicted 37% (32/87) of polyps.

Serum protein binding displacement: theoretical analysis using a hypothetical radiopharmaceutical and experimental analysis with 123I-N-isopropyl-p-iodoamphetamine.

Introduction: The binding of radiopharmaceutical to serum proteins is thought to be an important factor that restricts its excretion and accumulation in tissue. We calculated the effect of inhibitors of serum protein binding using a hypothetical radiopharmaceutical. In vitro experiments and protein binding inhibitor-loaded monkey scintigraphy were then conducted using (123)I-N-isopropyl-p-iodoamphetamine (IMP) as the radiopharmaceutical.

[Performance profile of FDG-PET and PET/CT for cancer screening based on a Japanese nationwide survey].

A total of 50,558 healthy subjects underwent an FDG-PET (including PET/CT) scan with or without combination of other tests for cancer screening in 46 PET centers during fiscal year of 2005 in Japan. Thorough examination was indicated for 9.8% of the cases due to positive findings suggesting possible cancer.

Performance profile of FDG-PET and PET/CT for cancer screening on the basis of a Japanese Nationwide Survey.

Objective: The aim of this study is to survey the situation of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) cancer screening in Japan and to describe its performance profile.

Methods: "FDG-PET for cancer screening" was defined as FDG-PET or positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) scan with or without other tests performed for cancer screening of healthy subjects. We sent questionnaires regarding FDG-PET cancer screening to 99 facilities in which FDG-PET tests were performed during the fiscal year 2005.

FDG PET findings of chronic myeloid leukemia in the chronic phase before and after treatment.

We report 2 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in the chronic phase showing diffusely increased F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in the bone marrow before treatment. Follow-up FDG positron emission tomography (PET) scans were performed in a patient after cessation of treatment and in the other under treatment. Both FDG PET findings showed reduced FDG uptake in the bone marrow.

18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography features of idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis.

Objective: To evaluate the 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake features of idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis (IRF).

Methods: 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomographic (PET) or PET/computed tomographic findings were retrospectively reviewed in 6 patients with IRF. FDG PET or PET/computed tomography was performed 1 and 2 hours after FDG injection.

The efficacy of whole-body FDG-PET or PET/CT for autoimmune pancreatitis and associated extrapancreatic autoimmune lesions.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate retrospectively the efficacy of whole-body (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) for autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) and associated extrapancreatic autoimmune lesions.

Methods: Whole-body FDG-PET or PET/computed tomography (CT) findings were reviewed in six patients with AIP. The initial PET scans were performed 1 h and 2 h after FDG injection in all six patients.

FDG PET and PET/CT monitoring of autoimmune pancreatitis associated with extrapancreatic autoimmune disease.

We report a series of FDG PET findings of a 69-year-old male patient with autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) associated with extrapancreatic disease. The first FDG PET revealed diffuse uptake of FDG in AIP and retroperitoneal fibrosis (RF). The second FDG PET after cessation of steroid treatment indicated subsiding of disease activity in AIP, continuous disease activity in RF, and new extrapancreatic lesions, including enlargement of a right salivary gland, nephritis, and lymphadenopathy.

18F-FDG PET/CT findings of a right subphrenic foreign-body granuloma.

We report a case of an 85-year-old woman with a foreign-body granuloma which accumulated 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). Unenhanced computed tomography showed a hyperdense mass with a hypodense rim in the right subphrenic space. FDG PET/CT images showed intense FDG uptake in the hypodense rim and little FDG uptake in the center of the mass, showing a ring-shaped appearance.