The prevalence of mental disorders among incarcerated adult men convicted of child sexual exploitation material offences.

Objective: Despite the growing body of research on individuals convicted of child sexual exploitation material (CSEM), relatively little is known about the prevalence of mental disorders in this population. The aim of the present study was to describe the prevalence of mental disorders among individuals convicted of CSEM offenses.

Methods: This cross-sectional study examined data from 66 individuals serving a sentence for CSEM offenses in the Austrian prison system who underwent a clinical assessment between 2002 and 2020.

[Triple arthrodesis in treatment of degenerative hindfoot deformities: clinical, radiological and pedobarographic results].

Introduction: Triple arthrodesis is performed to reconstruct a painless plantigrad foot in cases of fixed and painful hindfoot deformity. Mid-term results of our patients after triple arthrodesis concerning clinical and functional as well as radiological outcome were assessed in this examination.

Patients And Method: In the retrospective study, 24 feet in 20 patients with triple arthrodesis after degenerative hindfoot malposition were examined.

The mirror world of motor inhibition: the alien hand syndrome in chronic stroke.

Alien hand syndrome (AHS) is rare, but important due to its disabling impact on everyday life. The determining characteristic of AHS is intermanual conflict, a type of inhibitory motor behaviour that occurs against willed action. Its components have previously been described as single case reports, but not as a systematic study.

Primary cytomegalovirus infection in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is frequently associated with the presence of CMV-specific IgM-antibodies or CMV-DNA in serum. Detection of IgM-antibodies or viremia may indicate primary infection, but also reactivation or reinfection. We identified 46 GBS patients with detectable CMV-specific IgM- or IgG-antibodies, or both.

Presence of cytomegalovirus in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome.

Background: Because poliomyelitis has been almost completely eradicated, Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) now accounts for most cases of acute flaccid paralysis. Understanding of the role of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in the pathogenesis of GBS is still very limited.

Methods: We identified 42 CMV-seropositive patients with GBS between 1998 and 2001.

Acute encephalopathy associated with influenza A virus infection.

Twenty-one patients aged 4-78 years with influenza A virus-associated acute encephalopathy were studied. Influenza A virus could be detected only in a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimen obtained from 1 of 18 patients, despite the use of a highly sensitive polymerase chain reaction assay. Six patients experienced influenzal encephalopathy during the course of respiratory illness.

Relation of cardiac abnormalities and CTG-repeat size in myotonic dystrophy.

It is unclear if the severity of cardiac involvement in patients with myotonic dystrophy (MD) is related to the size of the CTG-repeat expansion. This open, uncontrolled, observational, prospective study aimed to find out if there is a relation between the severity of cardiac involvement in MD and the CTG-repeat size. In 21 patients with MD, (8 women, 13 men, aged 11-88 years) a detailed cardiologic examination, including history, clinical examination, electrocardiography (ECG), transthoracic echocardiography and ambulatory 24-h ECG, was carried out and cardiac involvement was assessed according to a previously described scoring system.

[Time delays in admission to a Stroke Unit and emergency treatment of patients with ischemic stroke].

Background And Objective: This observational study describes the time delays involved in the emergency treatment of acute strokes admitted for treatment in the acute stroke unit of the Landesnervenklinik Gugging, Austria. The aim was to define avoidable delays in the prehospital and intrahospital phase.

Patients And Methods: 261 stroke patients were included consecutively within the one-year study period (September 1996 until September 1997).

[Medial medullary infarct].

Medial medullary infarct is a rare type of brain stem infarction first described in 1908. It was only since the broad use of MRI that an accurate clinical topographical correlation could be documented in survivors. We observed two patients; one of them had an anteromedial unilateral infarction in the upper medulla, and the clinical picture was characterized by contralateral hemiparesis, facial weakness, dysarthria and palatal weakness.

Parkinsonism and dystonia in central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis.

Parkinsonism as well as dystonic signs are rarely seen in central pontine myelinolysis and extrapontine myelinolysis. A 51 year old woman developed central pontine myelinolysis and extrapontine myelinolysis with parkinsonism after severe vomiting which followed alcohol and drug intake, even though marked hyponatraemia had been corrected gradually over six days. Parkinsonism resolved four months after onset, but she then exhibited persistent retrocollis, spasmodic dysphonia, and focal dystonia of her left hand.

Silent brain infarcts and transient ischemic attacks. A three-year study of first-ever ischemic stroke patients: the Klosterneuburg Stroke Data Bank.

Background And Purpose: We undertook to study the clinical relevance of silent strokes and history of transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) and their individual and combined effects on outcome variables of neurological and epidemiological interest in first-ever stroke patients.

Methods: We performed univariate and multivariate analyses of data prospectively collected in the Klosterneuburg Stroke Data Bank, a hospital-based registry in Austria that includes a 3-year follow-up program.

Results: Of 728 patients (mean age, 68 +/- 10 years) with a first-ever ischemic stroke, 110 (15%) had had a previous TIA, and 66/618 (11%) patients did not have a history of TIA but showed evidence of silent brain infarct on CT.

Silent cerebral infarction in stroke patients: Results from the klosterneuburg stroke data bank (Austria).

The incidence, topology, and risks of clinically silent cerebral ischemia were studied in a series of stroke patients entering the Klosterneuburg Stroke Data Bank, a prospective single-center stroke registry in Lower Austria that was established in 1988. Among 462 first-ever stroke patients, 340 (74%) showed only one lesion, which corresponded to the syndrome of their presenting stroke. However, 57 (12%) patients either showed an additional or a noncorresponding lesion, or both.

GM 1 antibodies in Guillain-Barré syndrome: isotypes, course and clinical outcome.

IgA, IgG, and IgM antibodies against ganglioside GM 1 were investigated in sera of 15 patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), as compared with healthy controls. Significantly raised titers were found in 4 patients who showed persisting weakness due to muscle wasting (3 patients) or due to the development of a chronic relapsing form of GBS (1 patient) after a follow up period of 1 year. By contrast, only 1 out of 11 anti-GM 1 seronegative patients showed persisting muscle wasting.

[Critical illness polyneuropathy: clinical aspects and long-term outcome].

Patients treated in intensive care units may develop a primary axonal form of polyneuropathy complicating sepsis and multiple organ failure more frequently than previously assumed. This critical illness polyneuropathy causes difficulty in weaning patients from the ventilator and delays further recovery and mobilisation. Over a period of two years we have treated five patients with flaccid tetra- or paraparesis.

Stroke subtype is an age-independent predictor of first-year survival.

The short-term outcome after acute stroke is known to be strongly dependent on stroke subtype, especially favoring patients having suffered a lacunar stroke. The value of stroke subtypes as long-term predictors of survival has not been firmly established. We therefore examined the 1-year survival from acute stroke in the Klosterneuburg Stroke Data Bank, which since 1988 systematically collects data on acute stroke patients treated in one center in Lower Austria.

Pigmentary type of orthochromatic leukodystrophy with early onset and protracted course.

The pigmentary type of orthochromatic leukodystrophy (OLD) is a rare disorder in adults; only one questionable childhood case has been observed. We report the sporadic case of a male aged 26 years with early onset and protracted course. He presented retarded motor development from birth with ataxic gait and, at age 13 years, developed progressive mental and neurologic deterioration with tetraparesis, ataxia and seizures and died in a disabled, mute state.

[Recurrent and relapsing course of borreliosis of the nervous system].

The clinical variability of chronic infections due to Borrelia burgdorferi is greater than previously thought. Three personal cases are presented in an overview, together with cases from the literature. Chronic spastic para- and quadriparesis, transverse myelitis and recurrent hemiparesis have been noted in such cases.

[Neurotoxicity in long-term lithium therapy: an electroneurographic study].

In a series of 16 patients on long-term lithium therapy pathological changes were found in peripheral nerve conduction. Such changes correlated with the duration of lithium therapy (mean: 8.3 years, range: 3-15 years; p less than 0.

HLA-antigen distribution in seminoma, HCG-positive seminoma and non-seminomatous tumours of the testis.

Histocompatibility antigens play a certain role in the development of testicular tumours. 151 patients with testicular cancer (86 non-seminomatous germ cell tumours--NSGCT--and 65 pure seminoma) were typed for the HLA-antigens of the A, B, C and DR locus. 24 patients of the pure seminoma group and 50 patients of the NSGCT group had an elevated serum HCG level preoperatively.

Disseminated superficial "actinic" porokeratosis.

The dramatic therapeutic response of disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis (DSAP) to retinoid plus psoralens with ultraviolet A prompted a review of clinical, histologic, and etiologic data of all of the DSAP cases available in the English and German literature. The review showed that many case reports lack adequate documentation to confirm actinic induction. More than one third of the patients have observed no exacerbations during the summer.